UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549

 

Form 10-K

 

FOR ANNUAL AND TRANSITION REPORTS PURSUANT TO

SECTIONS 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

 

 

Commission file number: 333-135139

 

SS&C Technologies, Inc.

(Exact name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)

 

 

80 Lamberton Road

Windsor, CT 06095

(Address of Principal Executive Offices, Including Zip Code)

 

860-298-4500

(Registrant’s Telephone Number, Including Area Code)

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

None

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:

None

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.  Yes o     No þ

 

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.  Yes þ     No o

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the Registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.  Yes o     No þ

 

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.  þ

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).  Yes o     No þ

 

The aggregate market value of the registrant’s common equity held by non-affiliates is zero. The registrant is a privately-held corporation.

 

There were 1,000 shares of the registrant’s common stock outstanding as of March 30, 2009.

 

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE:

 

None.

 

 

SS&C TECHNOLOGIES, INC.

 

YEAR 2008 FORM 10-K ANNUAL REPORT

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION

 

This annual report contains forward-looking statements. For this purpose, any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. Without limiting the foregoing, the words “believes”, “anticipates”, “plans”, “expects”, “should” and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. The factors discussed under “Item 1A. Risk Factors”, among others, could cause actual results to differ materially from those indicated by forward-looking statements made herein and presented elsewhere by management from time to time. We expressly disclaim any obligation to update or alter our forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as required by law.

 

The following (identified in the chart of products and services on pages 11 and 12) are registered trademarks and/or service marks of SS&C Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or in other countries: ADVISORWARE, DBC, FUNDRUNNER, HEATMAPS, MARGINMAN, PACER, PAGES, PORTPRO, RECON, SKYLINE, SYLVAN, TRADEDESK, TRADETHRU, and ZOOLOGIC. SS&C Technologies, Inc. and/or its subsidiaries in the United States and/or in other countries have trademark or service mark rights to certain other names and marks referred to in this annual report.

 

We use the terms “SS&C”, the “Company”, “we”, “us” and “our” in this annual report to refer to SS&C Technologies, Inc. and its subsidiaries, unless the context requires otherwise.

 

 

SS&C Technologies, Inc. was acquired on November 23, 2005 through a merger transaction with SS&C Technologies Holdings, Inc., a Delaware corporation (formerly known as Sunshine Acquisition Corporation) formed by investment funds associated with The Carlyle Group. The acquisition was accomplished through the merger of Sunshine Merger Corporation, a wholly-owned subsidiary of SS&C Technologies Holdings, Inc., into SS&C Technologies, Inc., with SS&C Technologies, Inc. being the surviving company and a wholly-owned subsidiary of SS&C Technologies Holdings, Inc. (the “Transaction”). See further discussion of the Transaction in Note 1 of notes to the consolidated financial statements. Unless the context otherwise requires, we refer to SS&C Technologies Holdings, Inc. as “SS&C Holdings” throughout this annual report.

 

Company Overview

 

We are a leading provider of mission-critical software products and software-enabled services to help financial services providers to automate business processes and manage their information processing requirements. Our portfolio of software products and software-enabled services helps automate and integrate front-office functions such as trading and modeling, middle-office functions such as portfolio management and reporting, and back-office functions such as accounting, performance measurement, reconciliation, reporting, processing and clearing. Our solutions enable our clients to better monitor and manage investment performance and risk, improve operating efficiency and reduce operating costs. We provide our solutions globally to more than 4,500 clients, principally within the institutional asset management, alternative investment management and financial institutions sectors. In addition, our clients include commercial lenders, corporate treasury groups, insurance and pension funds, financial markets, municipal finance groups and real estate property managers.

 

We provide the global financial services industry with a broad range of both specialized software products, which are deployed at our clients’ facilities, and software-enabled services, which consist of software-enabled outsourcing services and subscription-based on-demand software hosted at our facilities. Our software-enabled services, which combine the strengths of our proprietary software with our domain expertise, enable our clients to contract with us to provide many of their business processes. For example, we utilize our software to offer comprehensive fund administration services for alternative investment managers, including fund manager services, transfer agency services, fund of funds services, tax processing and accounting. We offer clients the flexibility to choose from multiple software delivery options, including on-premise applications and hosted, multi-tenant or dedicated applications. Additionally, we provide certain clients with targeted, blended solutions based on a combination of our various software and software-enabled services. We believe that our software-enabled services provide superior client support and an attractive alternative to clients that do not wish to install, manage and maintain financial software. The following table describes selected functionality of our software products and software-enabled services and the eight vertical markets that we serve.

 

 

Our business model is characterized by substantial contractually recurring revenues, high operating margins and significant cash flow. We generate revenues primarily through our high-value software-enabled services, which are typically sold on a long-term subscription basis and integrated into our clients’ business processes. Our software- enabled services are generally provided under two- to five-year non-cancelable contracts with required monthly or quarterly payments. We also generate revenues by licensing our software to clients through either perpetual or term licenses, both of which include annually renewable maintenance contracts. As a consequence, a significant portion of our revenues consist of subscription payments and maintenance fees and are contractually recurring. Our pricing typically fluctuates as a function of our clients’ assets under management, the complexity of asset classes managed and the volume of transactions.

 

Our contractually recurring revenue model helps us minimize the fluctuations in revenues and cash flows typically associated with up-front, perpetual software license revenues and enhances our ability to manage costs. Our contractually recurring revenues, which we define as our software-enabled services and maintenance revenues, represented 82% of total revenues in the year ended December 31, 2008. We have experienced average revenue retention rates in each of the last five years of greater than 90% on our core enterprise software-enabled services and maintenance contracts. We believe the high value-added nature of our products and services has enabled us to maintain high revenue retention rates and significant operating margins.

 

Through a combination of consistent organic growth and acquisitions, we generated revenues of $280.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to revenues of $205.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2006. We generated 76% of our revenues in 2008 from clients in North America and 24% from clients outside North America. Our revenues are highly diversified, with our largest client in 2008 accounting for less than 5% of our revenues. Additional financial information, including geographic information, is available in our consolidated financial statements, including the notes thereto.

 

Our Industry

 

SS&C serves a number of sectors within the financial services industry, including banks, brokerage firms, insurance companies, investment management firms and hedge funds. Few, if any, of these sectors have remained untouched by the economic downturn in 2008 and 2009, resulting from the liquidity issues in the credit markets, the severe decline of the capital markets, and a significant decline in asset value. The hedge funds are experiencing a reversal of the trend up to 2007 where cash flows into funds exceeded redemptions. In addition to redemptions, the money managers in hedge funds and investment management firms are experiencing the shift from equities to money market funds, treasuries and other liquid investments. These factors all contribute to reducing revenues among the financial services firms, which, in turn, impacts their access to credit, spending ability and, in some cases, their long term viability.

 

Many of these recent issues put a spotlight on the need for management tools to assess exposure, improved reporting systems, accurate accounting and compliance systems and overall management of middle- and back-office operations. These challenges provide opportunities for SS&C as the industry participants continue to look for operational efficiencies.

 

Opportunities

 

The current market turmoil that the industry is experiencing is amidst a decade of change for the financial services industry as a whole where trading volumes have risen, the complexity of instruments has expanded, regulatory pressure has intensified and automation has evolved in the capital markets.

 

Asset Classes and Securities Products Growing in Volume and Complexity.  As the financial services industry has evolved, investment professionals must increasingly track and invest in numerous types of asset classes far more complex than traditional equity and debt instruments. These assets require more sophisticated systems to automate functions such as trading and modeling, portfolio management, accounting, performance measurement, reconciliation, reporting, processing and clearing. Manual tracking of orders and other transactions is not effective. In addition, as the business knowledge requirements increase, firms see increasing value in outsourcing the management of these assets to firms such as SS&C who offer software-enabled services.

 

Increasing Regulatory Requirements.  The financial services industry continues to struggle to meet the increasing domestic and foreign regulatory requirements. Firms must comply with more complicated and

burdensome requirements. For example, according to a May 2007 PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP survey, the top two challenges for 2007 cited by investment management industry executives were regulatory uncertainty and regulatory pressures to increase transparency. This continues to be the case and the expectation is hedge funds will start to experience similar regulatory pressures as the investment management community.

 

Increasing Willingness to Implement Solutions from Independent Software Vendors and Outsource IT Operations.  Historically, financial services providers have relied in large part on their internal IT departments to supply the systems required to manage, analyze and control vast amounts of data. Rather than internally developing applications that automate business processes, many financial services providers are implementing advanced software solutions from independent software vendors to replace their current systems, which are time-consuming to operate and expensive to implement, customize, update and support. Additionally, financial services providers globally are outsourcing a growing percentage of their business processes to benefit from best-in-class process execution, focus on core operations, quickly expand into new markets, reduce costs, streamline organizations, handle increased transaction volumes and ensure system redundancy. We believe one of the key challenges faced by investment management industry participants is how to expand their use of third-party service providers to address the increasing complexity of new products and the growing investor and regulatory information demands. For example, many alternative investment firms lack the substantial in-house IT resources necessary to establish and manage the complex IT infrastructures their investment professionals require. These firms increasingly seek end-to-end solutions that enable them to outsource their operations from the front-office through the back-office.

 

Intense Global Competition Among Financial Services Providers.  Competition within the financial services industry has become intense as financial services providers expand into new markets and offer new services to their clients in an effort to maximize their profitability. Additionally, a significant number of small- and medium-sized organizations, such as hedge funds, have begun to compete with large financial institutions as they seek to attract new clients whose assets they can manage. As traditional equity and debt instruments become more commoditized, financial services providers are expanding into more complex product and service offerings to drive profitability. In response to these increasingly competitive conditions worldwide, financial services organizations seek to rapidly expand into new markets, manage operational enterprise risk, increase front-office productivity, and drive cost savings by utilizing software to automate and integrate their mission-critical and labor intensive business processes.

 

Our Competitive Strengths

 

We believe that our position in the marketplace results from several key competitive strengths, including:

 

Enhanced Capability Through Software Ownership.  We use our proprietary software products and infrastructure to provide our software-enabled services, strengthening our overall operating margins and providing a competitive advantage. Because we use our own products in the execution of our software-enabled services and generally own and control our products’ source code, we can quickly identify and deploy product improvements and respond to client feedback, enhancing the competitiveness of our software and software-enabled service offerings. This continuous feedback process provides us with a significant advantage over many of our competitors, specifically those software competitors that do not provide a comparable model and therefore do not have the same level of hands-on experience with their products.

 

Broad Portfolio of Products and Services Focused on Financial Services Organizations.  Our broad portfolio of over 60 software products and software-enabled services allows professionals in the financial services industry to efficiently and rapidly analyze and manage information, increase productivity, devote more time to critical business decisions and reduce costs. Our products and services automate our clients’ most mission-critical, complex business processes, and improve their operational efficiency. We believe our product and service offerings position us as a leader within the specific sectors of financial services software and services in which we compete. We provide highly flexible, scalable and cost-effective solutions that enable our clients to track complex securities, better employ sophisticated investment strategies, scale efficiently and meet evolving regulatory requirements. Our solutions allow our clients to automate and integrate their front-office, middle-office and back-office functions, thus enabling straight-through processing.

Independent Fund Administration Services.  The third-party service providers that participate in the alternative investment market include auditors, fund administrators, attorneys, custodians and prime brokers. Each provider performs a valuable function with the intention of providing transparency of the fund’s assets and the valuation of those assets. Conflicts of interest may arise when the above parties attempt to provide more than one of these services. The industry is increasingly becoming aware of these conflicts and seeking independent fund administrators such as SS&C.

 

Attractive Operating Model.  We believe we have an attractive operating model due to the contractually recurring nature of our revenues, the scalability of our software and software-enabled services, the significant operating cash flow we generate and our highly effective sales and marketing model.

 

Growing Contractually Recurring Revenues.  We continue to focus on growing our contractually recurring revenues from our software-enabled services and our maintenance contracts because they provide greater predictability in the operation of our business and enable us to strengthen long-term relationships with our clients. Contractually recurring revenues represented 82% of total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2008, up from 52% of total revenues in 2000.

 

Scalable Software and Software-enabled Services.  We have designed our software and software-enabled services to accommodate significant additional business volumes with limited incremental costs. The ability to generate additional revenues from increased volumes without incurring substantial incremental costs provides us with opportunities to improve our operating margins.

 

Significant Operating Cash Flow.  We are able to generate significant operating cash flows due to our strong operating margins and the relatively modest capital requirements needed to grow our business.

 

Highly Effective Sales and Marketing Model.  We utilize a direct sales force model that benefits from significant direct participation by senior management. We achieve efficiency in our sales model by leveraging the Internet as a direct marketing medium. Approximately every two weeks, we deliver over 450,000 electronic newsletters to industry participants worldwide. These eBriefings are integrated with our corporate website, www.ssctech.com, and are the source for a substantial number of our sales leads. Our deep domain knowledge and extensive participation in day-to-day investment, finance and fund administration activities enable us to create informative and timely articles that are the basis of our eBriefings.

 

Deep Domain Knowledge and Extensive Industry Experience.  As of December 31, 2008, we had 948 development and service professionals with significant expertise across the eight vertical markets that we serve and a deep working knowledge of our clients’ businesses. By leveraging our domain expertise and knowledge, we have developed, and continue to improve, our mission-critical software products and services to enable our clients to overcome the complexities inherent in their businesses. For example, our Complete Asset Management, Reporting and Accounting, or CAMRA, software, which supports the entire portfolio management function across all typical securities transactions, was originally released in 1989 and has been continually updated to meet our clients’ new business requirements. We were founded in 1986 by William C. Stone, who has served as our Chairman and Chief Executive Officer since our inception. Our senior management team has a track record of operational excellence and an average of more than 15 years of experience in the software and financial services industries.

 

Trusted Provider to Our Highly Diversified Client Base.  By providing mission-critical, reliable software products and services for more than 20 years, we have become a trusted provider to the financial services industry. We have developed a large installed base within multiple segments of the financial services industry. Our clients include some of the largest and most well-recognized firms in the financial services industry. We believe that our high-quality products and superior services have led to long-term client relationships, some of which date from our earliest days of operations in 1987. Our strong client relationships, coupled with the fact that many of our current clients use our products for a relatively small portion of their total funds and investment vehicles under management, provide us with a significant opportunity to sell additional solutions to our existing clients and drive future revenue growth at lower cost.

 

Superior Client Support and Focus.  Our ability to rapidly deliver improvements and our reputation for superior service have proven to be a strong competitive advantage when developing client relationships. We provide our larger clients with a dedicated client support team whose primary responsibility is to resolve questions and

provide solutions to address ongoing needs. We also offer the Solution Center, an interactive website that serves as an exclusive online client community where clients can find answers to product questions, exchange information, share best practices and comment on business issues. We believe a close and active service and support relationship significantly enhances client satisfaction, strengthens client relationships and furnishes us with information regarding evolving client issues.

 

Our Strategy

 

We intend to be the leading provider of superior technology solutions to the financial services industry. The key elements of our strategy include:

 

Continue to Develop Software-Enabled Services and New Proprietary Software.  Since our founding in 1986, we have focused on building substantial financial services domain expertise through close working relationships with our clients. We have developed a deep knowledge base that enables us to respond to our clients’ most complex financial, accounting, actuarial, tax and regulatory needs. We intend to maintain and enhance our technological leadership by using our domain expertise to build valuable new software-enabled services and solutions, continuing to invest in internal development and opportunistically acquiring products and services that address the highly specialized needs of the financial services industry.

 

Expand Our Client Base.  Our client base of more than 4,500 clients represents a fraction of the total number of financial services providers globally. As a result, we believe there is substantial opportunity to grow our client base over time as our products become more widely adopted. We have a substantial opportunity to capitalize on the increasing adoption of mission-critical, sophisticated software and software-enabled services by financial services providers as they continue to replace inadequate legacy solutions and custom in-house solutions that are inflexible and costly to maintain.

 

Increase Revenues from Existing Clients.  We believe our established client base continues to present an opportunity for growth. Revenues from our existing clients generally grow along with the amount and complexity of assets that they manage and the volume of transactions that they execute. While we expect to experience a decline in those revenues associated with the industry’s decline in assets under management and lower trading and transaction volumes, we will continue to leverage our deep understanding of the financial services industry to identify other opportunities to increase our revenues from our existing clients. Many of our current clients use our products for a minority of their total assets under management and investment funds, providing us with opportunities to expand our business relationship and revenues.

 

Continue to Capitalize on Acquisitions of Complementary Businesses and Technologies.  We intend to continue to employ a highly disciplined and focused acquisition strategy to broaden and enhance our product and service offerings, add new clients, supplement our internal development efforts and accelerate our expected growth. We believe that our acquisitions have been an extension of our research and development effort that has enabled us to purchase proven products and remove the uncertainties associated with software development projects. We will seek to opportunistically acquire, at attractive valuations, businesses, products and technologies in our existing or complementary vertical markets that will enable us to better satisfy our clients’ rigorous and evolving needs. We have a proven ability to integrate complementary businesses as demonstrated by the 25 businesses that we have acquired since 1995.

 

Strengthen Our International Presence.  We believe that there is a significant market opportunity to provide software and services to financial services providers outside North America. In 2008, we generated 24% of our revenues from clients outside North America. We are building our international operations in order to increase our sales outside North America. For example, we believe that the rapidly growing alternative investment management market in Europe presents a compelling growth opportunity. We plan to continue to expand our international market presence by leveraging our existing software products and software-enabled services for alternative investment managers,.

Our Acquisitions

 

Since 1995, we have acquired 25 businesses within our industry. We generally seek to acquire companies that satisfy our financial metrics, including expected return on investment, and that:

 

 

Our senior management receives numerous acquisition proposals for its consideration. We receive referrals from several sources, including clients, investment banks and industry contacts. We believe, based on our experience, that there are numerous solution providers addressing highly particularized financial services needs or providing specialized services that would meet our acquisition criteria.

 

Below is a table summarizing our acquisitions.

 

 

 

 

Many of our acquisitions have enabled us to expand our product and service offerings into new markets or client bases within the financial services industry. For example, with our acquisition of Micro Design Services we now provide order routing and execution services to some of the world’s largest financial exchanges and brokers/dealers. With our acquisitions of Shepro Braun Systems and HedgeWare, we began providing portfolio management and accounting software to the hedge funds and family offices market. We began offering property management products to the real estate property management industry after we acquired Quantra and started selling financial modeling products to the municipal finance groups market after the DBC acquisition. Our acquisition of OMR Systems Corporation and OMR Systems International Limited, which we refer to collectively as OMR, allowed us to offer integrated, global solutions to financial institutions and hedge funds through our TradeThru software and Xacct services. The acquisitions of EisnerFast, Cogent and Northport expanded our software-enabled services to the hedge fund and private equity markets. With our acquisition of Financial Models, we complemented and expanded our product and service offerings to meet the front-, middle- and back-office needs of the investment management industry. The addition of new products and services also enabled us to market other products and services to acquired client bases. Some acquisitions have also provided us with new technology, such as the Heatmaps data visualization product developed by NeoVision Hypersystems, Inc.

 

To date, all of our acquisitions have resulted in a marketable product or service that has added to our revenues. We also have generally been able to improve the operating performance and profitability of the acquired businesses. We seek to reduce the costs of the acquired businesses by consolidating sales and marketing efforts and by eliminating redundant administrative tasks and research and development expenses. In some cases, we have also been able to increase revenues generated by acquired products and services by leveraging our larger sales capabilities and client base.

 

Products and Services

 

Our products and services allow professionals in the financial services industry to automate complex business processes within financial services providers and are instrumental in helping our clients manage significant information processing requirements. Our solutions enable our clients to focus on core operations, better monitor and manage investment performance and risk, improve operating efficiency and reduce operating costs. Our portfolio of over 60 products and software-enabled services allows our clients to automate and integrate front-office functions such as trading and modeling, middle-office functions such as portfolio management and reporting, and back-office functions such as accounting, performance measurement, reconciliation, reporting, processing and clearing.

The following chart summarizes our principal software products and services, typical users and the vertical markets each product serves. Most of these products are also used to deliver our software-enabled services.

 

 

 

Portfolio Management/Accounting

 

Our products and services for portfolio management span most of our vertical markets and offer our clients a wide range of investment management solutions. Revenues from these products and services represented approximately 80%, 78% and 74% of total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

AdvisorWare.  AdvisorWare software supports hedge funds, funds of funds and family offices with sophisticated global investment, trading and management concerns, and/or complex financial, tax (including German tax requirements), partnership and allocation reporting requirements. It delivers comprehensive multi-currency investment management, financial reporting, performance fee calculations, net asset value calculations, contact management and partnership accounting in a straight-through processing environment.

 

Altair.  Altair software is a portfolio management system designed for companies that are looking for a solution that meets Benelux market requirements and want client/server architecture with SQL support. We sell Altair primarily to European asset managers, stock brokers, custodians, banks, pension funds and insurance companies. Altair supports a full range of financial instruments, including fixed income, equities, real estate investments and alternative investment vehicles.

 

CAMRA.  CAMRA (Complete Asset Management, Reporting and Accounting) software supports the integrated management of asset portfolios by investment professionals operating across a wide range of institutional investment entities. CAMRA is a 32-bit, multi-user, integrated solution tailored to support the entire portfolio management function and includes features to execute, account for and report on all typical securities transactions.

 

We have designed CAMRA to account for all activities of the investment operation and to continually update investment information through the processing of day-to-day securities transactions. CAMRA maintains transactions and holdings and stores the results of most accounting calculations in its open, relational database, providing user-friendly, flexible data access and supporting data warehousing.

 

CAMRA offers a broad range of integrated modules that can support specific client requirements, such as TBA dollar rolls, trading, compliance monitoring, net asset value calculations, performance measurement, fee calculations and reporting.

CAMRA D Class.  CAMRA D Class software is for smaller U.S. insurance companies that need to account for their trades and holdings and comply with statutory reporting requirements but do not require a software application as sophisticated as CAMRA.

 

Debt & Derivatives.  Debt & Derivatives is a comprehensive financial application software package designed to process and analyze all activities relating to derivative and debt portfolios, including pricing, valuation and risk analysis, derivative processing, accounting, management reporting and regulatory reporting. Debt & Derivatives delivers real-time transaction processing to treasury and investment professionals, including traders, operations staff, accountants and auditors.

 

FundRunner InvestorSite.  FundRunner InvestorSite is a robust, easy-to-use Internet communications development and administration toolset for the investment management industry. FundRunner InvestorSite empowers investment managers to easily develop and maintain a secure, personalized web presence in order to give their clients valuable information.

 

FundRunner Marathon.  FundRunner Marathon gives hedge fund managers every tool necessary for investor communication and reporting in a clear and simple package any user can easily adopt out of the box.

 

Global Wealth Platform.  A web-based service, Global Wealth Platform combines our core asset management product functionalities into an innovative, visually appealing, and easy-to-use interface. Global Wealth Platform provides an integrated suite with best-of-breed components — modeling, trading, portfolio accounting, client communications and other mission critical workflows — as an on-demand, software-enabled service.

 

Lightning.  Lightning is a comprehensive software-enabled service supporting the front-, middle- and back-office processing needs of commercial banks and broker-dealers of all sizes and complexity. Lightning automates a number of processes, including trading, sales, funding, accounting, risk analysis and asset/liability management.

 

Pacer.  Pacer is a portfolio management and accounting system designed to manage diversified global portfolios and meet the unique management and accounting needs of all business streams, from institutional and pension management, to separately managed accounts, private client portfolios, mutual funds and unit trusts.

 

Pages.  Pages is a client communication system that generates individual client statements and slide presentations for print, electronic or face-to-face meetings. Pages helps enhance customer services by producing client statements that automatically assemble data from portfolio management, customer relationship management, performance measurement and other investment systems.

 

PALMS.  PALMS (Portfolio Asset Liability Management System) is an Internet-based service for community banks and credit unions that enables them to manage and analyze their balance sheet. PALMS gives financial institutions instant access to their balance sheet by importing data directly from general ledger, loan, deposit and investment systems and can perform simulations for detailed analysis of the data.

 

PortPro.  PortPro delivers Internet-based portfolio accounting and is available as a software-enabled service. PortPro helps financial institutions effectively measure, analyze and manage balance sheets and investment portfolios. PortPro is offered as a stand-alone product or as a module of Lightning. PortPro includes bond accounting and analytics.

 

Recon.  Recon is a transaction, position and cash reconciliation system that streamlines reconciliation by identifying exceptions and providing effective workflow tools to resolve issues faster, thereby reducing operational risk. Recon automatically reconciles transactions, holdings and cash from multiple sources.

 

Suite for Australia.  Suite for Australia is a web-based portfolio management solution for investment managers, managed account providers, wholesale fund managers, and private client administrators in the Australian market.

 

Sylvan.  Sylvan is a performance measurement, attribution and composite management platform designed to streamline the calculation and reporting of performance measurement requirements of clients. It provides an enterprise-wide performance solution with data sourced from multiple accounting engines and is highly scaleable, supporting the high volumes of detailed analysis requirements of institutional investment managers.

Total Return.  Total Return is a portfolio management and partnership accounting system directed toward the hedge fund and family office markets. It is a multi-currency system, designed to provide financial and tax accounting and reporting for businesses with high transaction volumes.

 

Trading/Treasury Operations

 

Our comprehensive real-time trading systems offer a wide range of trade order management solutions that support both buy-side and sell-side trading. Our full-service trade processing system delivers comprehensive processing for global treasury and derivative operations. Solutions are available to clients either through a license or as a software-enabled service. Revenues from these products and services represented approximately 10%, 12% and 13% of total revenues for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

Antares.  Antares is a comprehensive, real-time, event-driven trading and profit and loss reporting system designed to integrate trade modeling with trade order management. Antares enables clients to trade and report fixed-income, equities, foreign exchange, futures, options, repos and many other instruments across different asset classes. Antares also offers an add-on option of integrating Heatmaps’ data visualization technology to browse and navigate holdings information.

 

BlockTalk.  BlockTalk is a broadcast messaging platform that enables floor brokers to send liquidity alerts for any New York Stock Exchange-listed security to the floor community.

 

BlockTalkPlus.  BlockTalkPlus is a subscription-based distribution platform enabling sponsored “off-floor” trading desks and their clients to receive liquidity alerts directly from the NYSE trading floor.

 

MarketLook Information System (MLIS).  MLIS provides traders with access to the source — the NYSE trading floor. MLIS allows traders anywhere in the world access to market color and size directly from traders on the NYSE floor.

 

MarketTrader.  MarketTrader is a customizable trade order management system that can be implemented as a buy-side or sell-side, upstairs or floor system that can route to multiple exchanges simultaneously, providing a direct interface between brokers, customers and exchanges.

 

MarginMan.  MarginMan delivers collateralized trading software to the foreign exchange (FX) marketplace. MarginMan supports collateralized FX trading, precious metals trading and over-the-counter FX options trading.

 

TradeDesk.  TradeDesk is a comprehensive paperless trading system that automates front- and middle-office aspects of fixed-income transaction processing. In particular, TradeDesk enables clients to automate ticket entry, confirmation and access to offerings and provides clients with immediate, online access to complete client information and holdings.

 

TradeThru.  TradeThru is a web-based treasury and derivatives operations service that supports multiple asset classes and provides multi-bank, multi-entity and multi-currency integration of front-, middle- and back-office trade functions for financial institutions. TradeThru is available either through a license or as a software-enabled service. The system delivers automated front- to back-office functions throughout the lifecycle of a trade, from deal capture to settlement, risk management, accounting and reporting. TradeThru also provides data to other external systems, such as middle-office analytic and risk management systems and general ledgers. TradeThru provides one common instrument database, counterparty database, audit trail and end-of-day runs.

 

Financial Modeling

 

We offer several powerful analytical software and financial modeling applications for the insurance industry. We also provide analytical software and services to the municipal finance groups market.

 

DBC Product Suite.  We provide analytical software and services to municipal finance groups. Our suite of DBC products addresses a broad spectrum of municipal finance concerns, including:

 

 

 

Our DBC products also deliver solutions for debt structuring, cash flow modeling and database management. Typical users of our DBC products include investment banks, municipal issuers and financial advisors for structuring new issues, securitizations, strategic planning and asset/liability management.

 

PTS.  PTS is a pricing and financial modeling tool for life insurance companies. PTS provides an economic model of insurance assets and liabilities, generating option-adjusted cash flows to reflect the complex set of options and covenants frequently encountered in insurance contracts or comparable agreements.

 

Loan Management/Accounting

 

Our products that support loan administration activities are LMS and The BANC Mall.

 

LMS Loan Suite.  The LMS Loan Suite is a single database application that provides comprehensive loan management throughout the life cycle of a loan, from the initial request to final disposition. We have structured the flexible design of the LMS Loan Suite to meet the most complex needs of commercial lenders and servicers worldwide. The LMS Loan Suite includes both the LMS Originator and the LMS Servicer, facilitating integrated loan portfolio processing.

 

LMS Originator.  LMS Originator is a comprehensive commercial loan origination system, designed to bring efficiencies and controls to streamline the loan origination process. LMS Originator tracks the origination of a loan from the initial request through the initial funding. It enables clients to set production goals, measure production volumes against these goals and analyze the quality of loan requests being submitted by third parties. LMS Originator is integrated with LMS Servicer for seamless loan management processing throughout the life cycle of a loan.

 

LMS Servicer.  LMS Servicer is a comprehensive commercial loan servicing system designed to support the servicing of a wide variety of product types and complex loan structures. LMS Servicer provides capabilities in implementing complex investor structures, efficient payment processing, escrow processing and analysis, commercial mortgage-backed securities (CMBS) servicing and reporting and portfolio analytics. LMS Servicer is integrated with LMS Originator for seamless loan management processing throughout the life cycle of a loan.

 

The BANC Mall.  The BANC Mall is an Internet-based lending and leasing tool designed for loan officers and loan administrators. The BANC Mall provides, as a software-enabled service, online lending, leasing and research tools that deliver critical information for credit processing and loan administration. Clients use The BANC Mall on a fee-for-service basis to access more than a dozen data providers.

 

Property Management

 

SKYLINE.  SKYLINE is a comprehensive property management system that integrates all aspects of real estate property management, from prospect management to lease administration, work order management, accounting and reporting. By providing a single-source view of all real estate holdings, SKYLINE functions as an integrated lease administration system, a historical property/portfolio knowledge base and a robust accounting and financial reporting system, enabling users to track each property managed, including data on specific units and tenants. Market segments served include:

 

 

SamTrak.  SamTrak is a comprehensive facilities maintenance and work processing system designed to seamlessly integrate accounting functionality with building management.

 

Money Market Processing

 

Information Manager.  Information Manager is a comprehensive web-enabled solution for financial institutions that delivers core business application functionality to internal and external clients’ desktops. Information Manager provides reporting, transaction entry, scheduling, entitlement and work flow management and interfaces to third-party applications. Information Manager supports back-office systems, including custody, trust accounting, security lending, cash management, collateral management and global clearing.

 

Money Market Manager.  Money Market Manager (M3) is a web-enabled solution that is used by banks and broker-dealers for the money market issuance services. M3 provides the functionality required for issuing and acting as a paying agent for money market debt instruments. M3 provides the reports needed for clients to manage their business, including deals, issues and payment accruals.

 

Training

 

Zoologic Learning Solutions.  Zoologic Learning Solutions is a suite of learning solutions that provides in-depth, introductory and continuing education training at all levels, offering mix-and-match courses easily configured into curriculums that meet our clients’ needs. It includes instructor-led training, web-based courseware and program design.

 

Software-Enabled Services

 

Advanced Component Architecture (ACA).  ACA is a robust set of service capabilities to develop customized trading and support solutions for exchanges, brokerages and financial institutions. With the core technology components of ACA, clients can significantly reduce the traditional system delivery process.

 

Custom Mobility.  Custom Mobility provides expertise in designing and developing mobility solutions for the financial markets. Understanding the power of mobile/wireless technology, coupled with a deep understanding of the financial markets, has uniquely positioned us to design a mobility platform.

 

SS&C Direct.  We provide comprehensive software-enabled services through our SS&C Direct operating unit for portfolio accounting, reporting and analysis functions. The SS&C Direct service includes:

 

 

SS&C Direct’s Outsourced Investment Accounting Services option includes comprehensive investment accounting and investment operations services for sophisticated, global organizations.

 

SS&C Fund Services.  We provide comprehensive on- and offshore fund administration services to hedge fund and other alternative investment managers using our proprietary software products. SS&C Fund Services offers fund manager services, transfer agency services, funds of funds services, tax processing and accounting and processing. SS&C Fund Services supports all fund types and investment strategies. Market segments served include:

 

 

 

SSCNet.  SSCNet is a global trade network linking investment managers, broker-dealers, clearing agencies, custodians and interested parties. SSCNet’s real-time trade matching utility and delivery instruction database facilitate integration of front-, middle- and back-office functions, reducing operational risk and costs.

 

SVC.  SVC is a single source for securities data that consolidates data from leading global sources to provide clients with the convenience of one customized data feed. SVC provides clients with seamless, timely and accurate data for pricing, corporate actions, dividends, interest payments, foreign exchange rates and security master for global financial instruments.

 

Software and Service Delivery Options

 

Our delivery methods include software-enabled services, software licenses with related maintenance agreements, and blended solutions. All of our software-enabled services are built around and leverage our proprietary software.

 

Software-Enabled Services.  We provide a broad range of software-enabled services for our clients. By utilizing our proprietary software and avoiding the substantial use of third-party products to provide our software-enabled services, we are able to greatly reduce potential operating risks, efficiently tailor our products and services to meet specific client needs, significantly improve overall service levels and generate high overall operating margins and cash flow. Our software-enabled services are generally provided under two- to five-year non-cancelable contracts with required monthly or quarterly payments. Pricing on our software-enabled services varies depending upon the complexity of the services being provided, the number of users, assets under management and transaction volume. Importantly, our software-enabled services allow us to leverage our proprietary software and existing infrastructure, thereby increasing our aggregate profits and cash flows. For the year ended December 31, 2008, revenues from software-enabled services represented 59.2% of total revenues.

 

Software License and Related Maintenance Agreements.  We license our software to clients through either perpetual or term licenses, both of which include annually renewable maintenance contracts. Maintenance contracts on our core enterprise software products, which typically incorporate annual pricing increases, provide us with a stable and contractually recurring revenue base due to average revenue retention rates of over 90% in each of the last five years. We typically generate additional revenues as our existing clients expand usage of our products. For the year ended December 31, 2008, license and maintenance revenues represented 8.9% and 23.3% of total revenues, respectively.

 

Blended Solutions.  We provide certain clients with targeted, blended solutions based on a combination of our various software and software-enabled services. We believe that this capability further differentiates us from many of our competitors that are unable to provide this level of service.

 

Professional Services

 

We offer a range of professional services to assist clients. Professional services consist of consulting and implementation services, including the initial installation of systems, conversion of historical data and ongoing training and support. Our in-house consulting teams work closely with the client to ensure the smooth transition and operation of our systems. Our consulting teams have a broad range of experience in the financial services industry and include certified public accountants, chartered financial analysts, mathematicians and IT professionals from the asset management, real estate, investment, insurance, hedge fund, municipal finance and banking industries. We believe our commitment to professional services facilitates the adoption of our software products across our target

markets. For the year ended December 31, 2008, revenues from professional services represented 8.7% of total revenues.

 

Product Support

 

We believe a close and active service and support relationship is important to enhancing client satisfaction and furnishes an important source of information regarding evolving client issues. We provide our larger clients with a dedicated client support team whose primary responsibility is to resolve questions and provide solutions to address ongoing needs. Direct telephone support is provided during extended business hours, and additional hours are available during peak periods. We also offer the Solution Center, a website that serves as an exclusive online community for clients, where clients can find answers to product questions, exchange information, share best practices and comment on business issues. Approximately every two weeks, we distribute via the Internet our software and services eBriefings, which are industry-specific articles in our eight vertical markets and in geographic regions around the world. We supplement our service and support activities with comprehensive training. Training options include regularly hosted classroom and online instruction, e.Training, and online client seminars, or “webinars,” that address current, often technical, issues in the financial services industry.

 

We periodically make maintenance releases of licensed software available to our clients, as well as regulatory updates (generally during the fourth quarter, on a when and if available basis), to meet industry reporting obligations and other processing requirements.

 

Clients

 

We have over 4,500 clients globally in eight vertical markets in the financial services industry that require a full range of information management and analysis, accounting, actuarial, reporting and compliance software on a timely and flexible basis. Our clients include multinational banks, retail banks and credit unions, hedge funds, funds of funds and family offices, institutional asset managers, insurance companies and pension funds, municipal finance groups, brokers/dealers, financial exchanges, commercial lenders, real estate lenders and property managers. Our clients include many of the largest and most well-recognized firms in the financial services industry. During the year ended December 31, 2008, our top 10 clients represented approximately 21% of revenues, with no single client accounting for more than 5% of revenues.

 

Sales and Marketing

 

We believe a direct sales organization is essential to the successful implementation of our business strategy, given the complexity and importance of the operations and information managed by our products, the extensive regulatory and reporting requirements of each industry, and the unique dynamics of each vertical market. Our dedicated direct sales and support personnel continually undergo extensive product and sales training and are located in our various sales offices worldwide. We also use telemarketing to support sales of our real estate property management products and work through alliance partners who sell our software-enabled services to their correspondent banking clients.

 

Our marketing personnel have extensive experience in high tech marketing to the financial services industry and are responsible for identifying market trends, evaluating and developing marketing opportunities, generating client leads and providing sales support. Our marketing activities, which focus on the use of the Internet as a cost-effective means of reaching current and potential clients, include:

 

 

Some of the benefits of our shift in focus to an Internet-based marketing strategy include lower marketing costs, more direct contacts with actual and potential clients, increased marketing leads, distribution of more up-to-date marketing information and an improved ability to measure marketing initiatives.

The marketing department also supports the sales force with appropriate documentation or electronic materials for use during the sales process.

 

Product Development and Engineering

 

We believe we must introduce new products and offer product innovation on a regular basis to maintain our competitive advantage. To meet these goals, we use multidisciplinary teams of highly trained personnel and leverage this expertise across all product lines. We have invested heavily in developing a comprehensive product analysis process to ensure a high degree of product functionality and quality. Maintaining and improving the integrity, quality and functionality of existing products is the responsibility of individual product managers. Product engineering management efforts focus on enterprise-wide strategies, implementing best-practice technology regimens, maximizing resources and mapping out an integration plan for our entire umbrella of products as well as third-party products. Our research and development expenses for the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008 were $23.6 million, $26.3 million and $26.8 million, respectively.

 

Our research and development engineers work closely with our marketing and support personnel to ensure that product evolution reflects developments in the marketplace and trends in client requirements. We have generally issued a major release of our core products during the second or third quarter of each fiscal year, which includes both functional and technical enhancements. We also provide an annual release in the fourth quarter to reflect evolving regulatory changes in time to meet clients’ year-end reporting requirements.

 

Competition

 

The market for financial services software and services is competitive, rapidly evolving and highly sensitive to new product introductions and marketing efforts by industry participants, although high conversion costs can create barriers to adoption of new products or technologies. The market is fragmented and served by both large-scale players with broad offerings as well as firms that target only local markets or specific types of clients. We also face competition from information systems developed and serviced internally by the IT departments of large financial services firms. We believe that we generally compete effectively as to the factors identified for each market below, although some of our existing competitors and potential competitors have substantially greater financial, technological and marketing resources than we have and may offer products with different functions or features that are more attractive to potential customers than our offerings.

 

Alternative Investments:  In our alternative investments market, we compete with multiple vendors that may be categorized into two groups, one group consisting of independent specialized administration providers, which are generally smaller than us, and the other including prime brokerage firms offering fund administration services. Major competitors in this market include CITCO Group, State Street Bank and Citi Alternative Investment Services. The key competitive factors in marketing software and services to the alternative investment industry are the need for independent fund administration, features and adaptability of the software, level and quality of customer support, level of software development expertise and total cost of ownership. Our strengths in this market are our expertise, our independence, our ability to deliver functionality by multiple methods and our technology, including the ownership of our own software. Although no company is dominant in this market, we face many competitors, some of which have greater financial resources and distribution facilities than we do.

 

Asset Management:  In the asset management market, we compete with a variety of other vendors depending on customer characteristics such as size, type, location, computing environment and functionality requirements. Competitors in this market range from larger providers of integrated portfolio management systems and outsourcing services, such as SunGard, Mellon Financial (Eagle Investment Systems) and Advent, to smaller providers of specialized applications and technologies such as StatPro, Charles River and others. We also compete with internal processing and information technology departments of our customers and prospective customers. The key competitive factors in marketing asset management solutions are the reliability, accuracy, timeliness and reporting of processed information to internal and external customers, features and adaptability of the software, level and quality of customer support, level of software development expertise and return on investment. Our strengths in this market are our technology, our ability to deliver functionality by multiple delivery methods and our ability to provide cost-effective solutions for clients. Although no company is dominant in this market, we face many competitors, some of which have greater financial resources and distribution facilities than we do.

Insurance and Pension Funds:  In our insurance market, we compete with a variety of vendors depending on customer characteristics such as size, type, location, computing environment and functionality requirements. Competitors in this market range from large providers of portfolio management systems, such as State Street Bank (Princeton Financial Systems) and SunGard, to smaller providers of specialized applications and services.

 

We also compete with outsourcers, as well as the internal processing and information technology departments of our customers and prospective customers. The key competitive factors in marketing insurance and pension plan systems are the accuracy, timeliness and reporting of processed information provided to internal and external customers, features and adaptability of the software, level and quality of customer support, economies of scale and return on investment. Our strengths in this market are our years of experience, our top-tier clients, our ability to provide solutions by multiple delivery methods, our cost-effective and customizable solutions and our expertise. We believe that we have a strong competitive position in this market.

 

Real Estate Property Management:  In the real estate property management market, we compete with numerous software vendors consisting of smaller specialized real estate property management solution providers and larger property management software vendors with more dedicated resources than our real estate property management business, such as Yardi and Intuit. The key competitive factors in marketing property management systems are the features and adaptability of the software, level of quality and customer support, degree of responsiveness and overall net cost. Our strengths in this market are the quality of our software and our reputation with our clients. This is a very fragmented market with many competitors.

 

Treasury, Banks & Credit Unions:  In the treasury, banks & credit unions market, there are multiple software and services vendors that are either smaller providers of specialized applications and technologies or larger providers of enterprise systems, such as SunGard and Misys. We also compete with outsourcers as well as the internal processing and information technology departments of our customers and prospective customers. The key competitive factors in marketing software and services to the treasury, banks & credit unions market include accuracy and timeliness of processed information provided to customers, features and adaptability of the software, level and quality of customer support, level of software development expertise, total cost of ownership and return on investment. Our strengths in this market are our flexible technology platform and our ability to provide integrated solutions for our clients. In this market we face many competitors, some of which have greater financial resources and distribution facilities than we do.

 

Commercial Lending:  In the commercial lending market, we compete with a variety of other vendors depending on customer characteristics such as size, type, location and functional requirements. Competitors in this market range from large competitors whose principal businesses are not in the loan management business, such as PNC Financial Services (Midland Loan Services), to smaller providers of specialized applications and technologies. The key competitive factors in marketing commercial lending solutions are the accuracy, timeliness and reporting of processed information provided to customers, level of software development expertise, level and quality of customer support and features and adaptability of the software. Our strength in this market is our ability to provide both broadly diversified and customizable solutions to our clients. In this market we face many competitors, some of which have greater financial resources and distribution facilities than we do.

 

Financial Markets:  In the financial markets, our competition falls into two categories — the internal development organizations within the firm and specialized financial technology vendors, e.g. Sungard, Fidessa, Cinober. The key competitive factors in marketing financial markets technology solutions are a proven track record of delivering high quality solutions, level of responsiveness and overall net cost. Our strengths in this market are a successful track record of delivering solutions and our reputation with our clients. This is an extremely competitive environment which requires developing a strong customer relationship where we are viewed more as a partner than a vendor.

 

Proprietary Rights

 

We rely on a combination of trade secret, copyright, trademark and patent law, nondisclosure agreements and technical measures to protect our proprietary technology. We have registered trademarks for many of our products and will continue to evaluate the registration of additional trademarks as appropriate. We generally enter into confidentiality and/or license agreements with our employees, distributors, clients and potential clients. We seek to protect our software, documentation and other written materials under trade secret and copyright laws, which afford limited protection. These efforts may be insufficient to prevent third parties from asserting intellectual property

rights in our technology. Furthermore, it may be possible for unauthorized third parties to copy portions of our products or to reverse engineer or otherwise obtain and use proprietary information, and third parties may assert ownership rights in our proprietary technology. For additional risks relating to our proprietary technology, please see “Item 1A. Risk Factors — Risks Relating to Our Business — If we are unable to protect our proprietary technology, our success and our ability to compete will be subject to various risks, such as third-party infringement claims, unauthorized use of our technology, disclosure of our proprietary information or inability to license technology from third parties.”

 

Rapid technological change characterizes the software development industry. We believe factors such as the technological and creative skills of our personnel, new product developments, frequent product enhancements, name recognition and reliable service and support are more important to establishing and maintaining a leadership position than legal protections of our technology.

 

Employees

 

As of December 31, 2008, we had 1,128 full-time employees, consisting of:

 

 

As of December 31, 2008, 389 of our employees were in our international operations. No employee is covered by any collective bargaining agreement. We believe that we have a good relationship with our employees.

 

Additional Information

 

We were organized as a Connecticut corporation in March 1986 and reincorporated as a Delaware corporation in April 1996. Our principal executive offices are located at 80 Lamberton Road, Windsor, Connecticut 06095. The telephone number of our principal executive offices is (860) 298-4500.

 

 

You should carefully consider the following risk factors, in addition to other information included in this annual report on Form 10-K and the other reports we file with the Securities and Exchange Commission. If any of the following risks occur, our business, financial condition and operating results could be materially adversely affected.

 

Risks Relating to Our Indebtedness

 

Our substantial indebtedness could adversely affect our financial health and prevent us from fulfilling our obligations under our 113/4% senior subordinated notes due 2013 and our senior credit facilities.

 

We have incurred a significant amount of indebtedness. As of December 31, 2008, we had total indebtedness of $408.7 million and additional available borrowings of $75.0 million under our revolving credit facility. Our total indebtedness consisted of $205.0 million of 113/4% senior subordinated notes due 2013 and $203.7 million of secured indebtedness under our term loan B facility.

 

Our substantial indebtedness could have important consequences. For example, it could:

 

 

 

In addition, the indenture governing the notes and the agreement governing our senior credit facilities contain financial and other restrictive covenants that limit our ability to engage in activities that may be in our long-term best interests. Our failure to comply with those covenants could result in an event of default which, if not cured or waived, could result in the acceleration of all of our debts.

 

To service our indebtedness, we require a significant amount of cash. Our ability to generate cash depends on many factors beyond our control.

 

We are obligated to make periodic principal and interest payments on our senior and subordinated debt of approximately $37 million annually. Our ability to make payments on and to refinance our indebtedness and to fund planned capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. This, to a certain extent, is subject to general economic, financial, competitive, legislative, regulatory and other factors that are beyond our control.

 

We cannot assure you that our business will generate sufficient cash flow from operations or that future borrowings will be available to us under our senior credit facilities in an amount sufficient to enable us to pay our indebtedness or to fund our other liquidity needs. We may need to refinance all or a portion of our indebtedness on or before maturity. We cannot assure you that we will be able to refinance any of our indebtedness, including our senior credit facilities and the notes, on commercially reasonable terms or at all. If we cannot service our indebtedness, we may have to take actions such as selling assets, seeking additional equity or reducing or delaying capital expenditures, strategic acquisitions, investments and alliances. We cannot assure you that any such actions, if necessary, could be effected on commercially reasonable terms or at all.

 

Despite current indebtedness levels, we and our subsidiaries may still be able to incur substantially more debt. This could further exacerbate the risks associated with our substantial financial leverage.

 

We and our subsidiaries may be able to incur substantial additional indebtedness in the future because the terms of the indenture governing the notes and our senior credit facilities do not fully prohibit us or our subsidiaries from doing so. Subject to covenant compliance and certain conditions, our senior credit facilities permit additional borrowing, including borrowing up to $75.0 million under our revolving credit facility. If new debt is added to our and our subsidiaries’ current debt levels, the related risks that we and they now face could intensify.

 

Restrictive covenants in the indenture governing the notes and the agreement governing our senior credit facilities may restrict our ability to pursue our business strategies.

 

The indenture governing the notes and the agreement governing our senior credit facilities limit our ability, among other things, to:

 

 

 

In addition, our senior credit facilities include other covenants which, subject to permitted exceptions, prohibit us from making capital expenditures in excess of certain thresholds, making investments, loans and other advances, engaging in sale-leaseback transactions, entering into speculative hedging agreements, and prepaying our other indebtedness while indebtedness under our senior credit facilities is outstanding. The agreement governing our senior credit facilities also requires us to maintain compliance with specified financial ratios, particularly a leverage ratio and an interest coverage ratio. Our ability to comply with these ratios may be affected by events beyond our control.

 

The restrictions contained in the indenture governing the notes and the agreement governing our senior credit facilities could limit our ability to plan for or react to market conditions, meet capital needs or make acquisitions or otherwise restrict our activities or business plans.

 

A breach of any of these restrictive covenants or our inability to comply with the required financial ratios could result in a default under the agreement governing our senior credit facilities. If a default occurs, the lenders under our senior credit facilities may elect to:

 

 

either of which would result in an event of default under the notes. The lenders also have the right in these circumstances to terminate any commitments they have to provide further borrowings. If we are unable to repay outstanding borrowings when due, the lenders under our senior credit facilities also have the right to proceed against the collateral, including our available cash, granted to them to secure the indebtedness. If the indebtedness under our senior credit facilities and the notes were to be accelerated, we cannot assure you that our assets would be sufficient to repay in full that indebtedness and our other indebtedness.

 

We may not have the ability to raise the funds necessary to finance the change of control offer required by the indenture governing the notes.

 

Upon the occurrence of certain specific kinds of change of control events, we will be required to offer to repurchase all outstanding notes at 101% of the principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest and liquidated damages, if any, to the date of repurchase. However, it is possible that we will not have sufficient funds at the time of the change of control to make the required repurchase of notes or that restrictions in our senior credit facilities will not allow such repurchases. In addition, certain important corporate events, such as leveraged recapitalizations that would increase the level of our indebtedness, would not constitute a “Change of Control” under the indenture governing the notes.

 

Risks Relating to Our Business

 

Our business is greatly affected by changes in the state of the general economy and the financial markets, and a slowdown or prolonged downturn in the general economy or the financial services industry could disproportionately affect the demand for our products and services.

 

As widely reported, financial markets in the United States, Europe and Asia have been experiencing extreme disruption. Continued concerns about the systemic impact of potential long-term and wide-spread recession, energy costs, geopolitical issues, the availability and cost of credit, and the global housing and mortgage markets have contributed to increased market volatility and diminished expectations for both western and emerging economies. These unfavorable changes in economic conditions, as well as declining consumer confidence, inflation, recession or other factors, have led and could continue to lead our clients or prospective clients to delay or reduce purchases of our products, and our revenues could be adversely affected. These conditions could also make it difficult for our clients to obtain credit on reasonable terms or at all, preventing them from making desired purchases of our products and services. Further, the current challenging economic conditions also may impair the ability of our clients to pay for products they have purchased and, as a result, our reserves, allowances for doubtful accounts and write-offs of

accounts receivable could increase. We cannot predict the timing or duration of any economic downturn, generally, or in the markets in which our businesses operate. Continued turbulence in the U.S. and international markets and prolonged declines in business consumer spending could materially adversely affect our liquidity and financial condition, and the liquidity and financial condition of our clients.

 

Our clients include a range of organizations in the financial services industry whose success is intrinsically linked to the health of the economy generally and of the financial markets specifically. As a result, we believe that fluctuations, disruptions, instability or prolonged downturns in the general economy and the financial services industry, including the current economic crisis, could disproportionately affect demand for our products and services. For example, such fluctuations, disruptions, instability or downturns may cause our clients to do the following:

 

 

If such conditions occur and persist, our business and financial results, including our liquidity and our ability to fulfill our obligations to the holders of our notes and our other lenders, could be materially adversely affected.

 

Further or accelerated consolidations in the financial services industry could result in a decline in demand for our products and services.

 

If financial services firms continue to consolidate, as they have over the past decade, there could be a decline in demand for our products and services. For example, if a client merges with a firm using its own solution or another vendor’s solution, it could decide to consolidate its processing on a non-SS&C system. The resulting decline in demand for our products and services could have a material adverse effect on our revenues. For instance, in 2007, a client that represented 4.5% of our revenues in 2007 was acquired in a tender offer transaction. As a result, our revenues from that client declined significantly during the fourth quarter of 2008.

 

We expect that our operating results, including our profit margins and profitability, may fluctuate over time.

 

Historically, our revenues, profit margins and other operating results have fluctuated from period to period and over time primarily due to the timing, size and nature of our license and service transactions. Additional factors that may lead to such fluctuation include:

 

 

 

If we are unable to retain and attract clients, our revenues and net income would remain stagnant or decline.

 

If we are unable to keep existing clients satisfied, sell additional products and services to existing clients or attract new clients, then our revenues and net income would remain stagnant or decline. A variety of factors could affect our ability to successfully retain and attract clients, including:

 

 

We face significant competition with respect to our products and services, which may result in price reductions, reduced gross margins or loss of market share.

 

The market for financial services software and services is competitive, rapidly evolving and highly sensitive to new product and service introductions and marketing efforts by industry participants. The market is also highly fragmented and served by numerous firms that target only local markets or specific client types. We also face competition from information systems developed and serviced internally by the IT departments of financial services firms.

 

Some of our current and potential competitors have significantly greater financial, technical and marketing resources, generate higher revenues and have greater name recognition. Our current or potential competitors may develop products comparable or superior to those developed by us, or adapt more quickly to new technologies, evolving industry trends or changing client or regulatory requirements. It is also possible that alliances among competitors may emerge and rapidly acquire significant market share. Increased competition may result in price reductions, reduced gross margins and loss of market share. Accordingly, our business may not grow as expected and may decline.

 

Catastrophic events may adversely affect our ability to provide, our clients’ ability to use, and the demand for, our products and services, which may disrupt our business and cause a decline in revenues.

 

A war, terrorist attack, natural disaster or other catastrophe may adversely affect our business. A catastrophic event could have a direct negative impact on us or an indirect impact on us by, for example, affecting our clients, the financial markets or the overall economy and reducing our ability to provide, our clients’ ability to use, and the demand for, our products and services. The potential for a direct impact is due primarily to our significant investment in infrastructure. Although we maintain redundant facilities and have contingency plans in place to protect against both man-made and natural threats, it is impossible to fully anticipate and protect against all potential catastrophes. A computer virus, security breach, criminal act, military action, power or communication failure, flood, severe storm or the like could lead to service interruptions and data losses for clients, disruptions to our operations, or damage to important facilities. In addition, such an event may cause clients to cancel their agreements with us for our products or services. Any of these events could cause a decline in our revenues.

 

Our software-enabled services may be subject to disruptions that could adversely affect our reputation and our business.

 

Our software-enabled services maintain and process confidential data on behalf of our clients, some of which is critical to their business operations. For example, our trading systems maintain account and trading information for our clients and their customers. There is no guarantee that the systems and procedures that we maintain to protect against unauthorized access to such information are adequate to protect against all security breaches. If our software-enabled services are disrupted or fail for any reason, or if our systems or facilities are infiltrated or

damaged by unauthorized persons, our clients could experience data loss, financial loss, harm to their reputation and significant business interruption. If that happens, we may be exposed to unexpected liability, our clients may leave, our reputation may be tarnished, and client dissatisfaction and lost business may result.

 

We may not achieve the anticipated benefits from our acquisitions and may face difficulties in integrating our acquisitions, which could adversely affect our revenues, subject us to unknown liabilities, increase costs and place a significant strain on our management.

 

We have made and intend in the future to make acquisitions of companies, products or technologies that we believe could complement or expand our business, augment our market coverage, enhance our technical capabilities or otherwise offer growth opportunities. However, acquisitions could subject us to contingent or unknown liabilities, and we may have to incur debt or severance liabilities or write off investments, infrastructure costs or other assets.

 

Our success is also dependent on our ability to complete the integration of the operations of acquired businesses in an efficient and effective manner. Successful integration in the rapidly changing financial services software and services industry may be more difficult to accomplish than in other industries. We may not realize the benefits we anticipate from acquisitions, such as lower costs or increased revenues. We may also realize such benefits more slowly than anticipated, due to our inability to:

 

 

Integration may not be smooth or successful. The inability of management to successfully integrate the operations of acquired companies could disrupt our ongoing operations, divert management from day-to-day responsibilities, increase our expenses and harm our operating results or financial condition. Such acquisitions may also place a significant strain on our administrative, operational, financial and other resources. To manage growth effectively, we must continue to improve our management and operational controls, enhance our reporting systems and procedures, integrate new personnel and manage expanded operations. If we are unable to manage our growth and the related expansion in our operations from recent and future acquisitions, our business may be harmed through a decreased ability to monitor and control effectively our operations and a decrease in the quality of work and innovation of our employees.

 

If we cannot attract, train and retain qualified managerial, technical and sales personnel, we may not be able to provide adequate technical expertise and customer service to our clients or maintain focus on our business strategy.

 

We believe that our success is due in part to our experienced management team. We depend in large part upon the continued contribution of our senior management and, in particular, William C. Stone, our Chief Executive Officer and Chairman of the Board of Directors. Losing the services of one or more members of our senior management could significantly delay or prevent the achievement of our business objectives. Mr. Stone has been instrumental in developing our business strategy and forging our business relationships since he founded the company in 1986. We maintain no key man life insurance policies for Mr. Stone or any other senior officers or managers.

 

Our success is also dependent upon our ability to attract, train and retain highly skilled technical and sales personnel. Loss of the services of these employees could materially affect our operations. Competition for qualified technical personnel in the software industry is intense, and we have, at times, found it difficult to attract and retain skilled personnel for our operations.

Locating candidates with the appropriate qualifications, particularly in the desired geographic location and with the necessary subject matter expertise, is difficult. Our failure to attract and retain a sufficient number of highly skilled employees could prevent us from developing and servicing our products at the same levels as our competitors and we may, therefore, lose potential clients and suffer a decline in revenues.

 

If we are unable to protect our proprietary technology, our success and our ability to compete will be subject to various risks, such as third-party infringement claims, unauthorized use of our technology, disclosure of our proprietary information or inability to license technology from third parties.

 

Our success and ability to compete depends in part upon our ability to protect our proprietary technology. We rely on a combination of trade secret, copyright and trademark law, nondisclosure agreements and technical measures to protect our proprietary technology. We have registered trademarks for some of our products and will continue to evaluate the registration of additional trademarks as appropriate. We generally enter into confidentiality and/or license agreements with our employees, distributors, clients and potential clients. We seek to protect our software, documentation and other written materials under trade secret and copyright laws, which afford only limited protection. These efforts may be insufficient to prevent third parties from asserting intellectual property rights in our technology. Furthermore, it may be possible for unauthorized third parties to copy portions of our products or to reverse engineer or otherwise obtain and use our proprietary information, and third parties may assert ownership rights in our proprietary technology.

 

Existing patent and copyright laws afford only limited protection. Others may develop substantially equivalent or superseding proprietary technology, or competitors may offer equivalent products in competition with our products, thereby substantially reducing the value of our proprietary rights. We cannot be sure that our proprietary technology does not include open-source software, free-ware, share-ware or other publicly available technology. There are many patents in the financial services field. As a result, we are subject to the risk that others will claim that the important technology we have developed, acquired or incorporated into our products will infringe the rights, including the patent rights, such persons may hold. Third parties also could claim that our software incorporates publicly available software and that, as a result, we must publicly disclose our source code. Because we rely on confidentiality for protection, such an event could result in a material loss of our intellectual property rights. Expensive and time-consuming litigation may be necessary to protect our proprietary rights.

 

We have acquired and may acquire important technology rights through our acquisitions and have often incorporated and may incorporate features of this technology across many products and services. As a result, we are subject to the above risks and the additional risk that the seller of the technology rights may not have appropriately protected the intellectual property rights we acquired. Indemnification and other rights under applicable acquisition documents are limited in term and scope and therefore provide us with only limited protection.

 

In addition, we currently use certain third-party software in providing our products and services, such as industry standard databases and report writers. If we lost our licenses to use such software or if such licenses were found to infringe upon the rights of others, we would need to seek alternative means of obtaining the licensed software to continue to provide our products or services. Our inability to replace such software, or to replace such software in a timely manner, could have a negative impact on our operations and financial results.

 

We could become subject to litigation regarding intellectual property rights, which could seriously harm our business and require us to incur significant costs, which, in turn, could reduce or eliminate profits.

 

In recent years, there has been significant litigation in the United States involving patents and other intellectual property rights. While we are not currently a party to any litigation asserting that we have violated third-party intellectual property rights, we may be a party to litigation in the future to enforce our intellectual property rights or as a result of an allegation that we infringe others’ intellectual property rights, including patents, trademarks and copyrights. From time to time we have received notices claiming our technology may infringe third-party intellectual property rights. Any parties asserting that our products or services infringe upon their proprietary rights could force us to defend ourselves and possibly our clients against the alleged infringement. These claims and any resulting lawsuit, if successful, could subject us to significant liability for damages and invalidation of our proprietary rights. These lawsuits, regardless of their success, could be time-consuming and expensive to resolve,

adversely affect our revenues, profitability and prospects and divert management time and attention away from our operations. We may be required to re-engineer our products or services or obtain a license of third-party technologies on unfavorable terms.

 

Our failure to continue to derive substantial revenues from the licensing of, or the provision of software-enabled services related to, our CAMRA, TradeThru, Pacer, AdvisorWare and Total Return software, and the provision of maintenance and professional services in support of such licensed software, could adversely affect our ability to sustain or grow our revenues and harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

The licensing of, and the provision of software-enabled services, maintenance and professional services relating to, our CAMRA, TradeThru, Pacer, AdvisorWare and Total Return software accounted for approximately 58% of our revenues for the year ended December 31, 2008. We expect that the revenues from these software products and services will continue to account for a significant portion of our total revenues for the foreseeable future. As a result, factors adversely affecting the pricing of or demand for such products and services, such as competition or technological change, could have a material adverse effect on our ability to sustain or grow our revenues and harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.

 

We may be unable to adapt to rapidly changing technology and evolving industry standards and regulatory requirements, and our inability to introduce new products and services could result in a loss of market share.

 

Rapidly changing technology, evolving industry standards and regulatory requirements and new product and service introductions characterize the market for our products and services. Our future success will depend in part upon our ability to enhance our existing products and services and to develop and introduce new products and services to keep pace with such changes and developments and to meet changing client needs. The process of developing our software products is extremely complex and is expected to become increasingly complex and expensive in the future due to the introduction of new platforms, operating systems and technologies. Our ability to keep up with technology and business and regulatory changes is subject to a number of risks, including that:

 

 

Our failure to enhance our existing products and services and to develop and introduce new products and services to promptly address the needs of the financial markets could adversely affect our business and results of operations.

 

Undetected software design defects, errors or failures may result in loss of our clients’ data, litigation against us and harm to our reputation and business.

 

Our software products are highly complex and sophisticated and could contain design defects or software errors that are difficult to detect and correct. Errors or bugs may result in loss of client data or require design modifications. We cannot assure you that, despite testing by us and our clients, errors will not be found in new products, which errors could result in data unavailability, loss or corruption of client assets, litigation and other claims for damages against us. The cost of defending such a lawsuit, regardless of its merit, could be substantial and could divert management’s attention from ongoing operations of the company. In addition, if our business liability insurance coverage proves inadequate with respect to a claim or future coverage is unavailable on acceptable terms

or at all, we may be liable for payment of substantial damages. Any or all of these potential consequences could have an adverse impact on our operating results and financial condition.

 

Challenges in maintaining and expanding our international operations can result in increased costs, delayed sales efforts and uncertainty with respect to our intellectual property rights and results of operations.

 

For the years ended December 31, 2006, 2007 and 2008, international revenues accounted for 40%, 41% and 39%, respectively, of our total revenues. We sell certain of our products, such as Altair, Mabel and Pacer, primarily outside the United States. Our international business may be subject to a variety of risks, including:

 

 

Such factors could have a material adverse effect on our ability to meet our growth and revenue projections and negatively affect our results of operations.

 

We are controlled by The Carlyle Group, whose interests may not be aligned with yours.

 

The Carlyle Group and its affiliates own a substantial majority of the fully diluted equity of SS&C Holdings, and, therefore, have the power to control our affairs and policies. Carlyle and its affiliates also control, to a large degree, the election of directors, the appointment of management, the entering into mergers, sales of substantially all of our assets and other extraordinary transactions. The directors so elected will have authority, subject to the terms of our debt, to issue additional stock, implement stock repurchase programs, declare dividends and make other decisions. The interests of Carlyle and its affiliates could conflict with the interests of note holders. For example, if we encounter financial difficulties or are unable to pay our debts as they mature, the interests of Carlyle, as equity holders, might conflict with the interests of note holders. Carlyle and its affiliates may also have an interest in pursuing acquisitions, divestitures, financings or other transactions that, in their judgment, could enhance their equity investments, even though such transactions might involve risks to you as a note holder. Additionally, Carlyle and its affiliates are in the business of making investments in companies, and may from time to time in the future acquire interests in businesses that directly or indirectly compete with certain portions of our business or are suppliers or customers of ours.

 

 

None.

 

We lease our corporate offices, which consist of 73,000 square feet of office space located in 80 Lamberton Road, Windsor, CT 06095. In 2006, we extended the lease term through October 2016. We utilize facilities and offices in thirteen locations in the United States and have offices in Toronto, Canada; Montreal, Canada; London, England; Amsterdam, the Netherlands; Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia; Tokyo, Japan; Curacao, the Netherlands Antilles; Dublin, Ireland; and Sydney, Australia. We believe our facilities and equipment are generally well maintained, in good operating condition and adequate for our present and foreseeable business needs.

 

 

From time to time, we are subject to certain legal proceedings and claims that arise in the normal course of business. In the opinion of our management, we are not involved in any such litigation or proceedings by third parties that our management believes could have a material adverse effect on us or our business.

 

 

None.

 

 

Our outstanding common stock is privately held, and there is no established public trading market for our common stock. As of the date of this filing, there was one holder of record of our common stock. See Item 7, “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations — Liquidity and Capital Resources — The Transaction” and Note 6 of notes to our consolidated financial statements for a description of restrictions on our ability to pay dividends.

 

 

The selected financial data set forth below should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and related notes and “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” appearing elsewhere herein.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Overview

 

We are a leading provider of mission-critical, sophisticated software products and software-enabled services that allow financial services providers to automate business processes and manage their information processing requirements. Our portfolio of software products and software-enabled services helps our clients automate and integrate front-office functions such as trading and modeling, middle-office functions such as portfolio management and reporting, and back-office functions such as accounting, performance measurement, reconciliation, reporting, processing and clearing. We provide our solutions globally to more than 4,500 clients, principally within the institutional asset management, alternative investment management and financial institutions sectors.

 

In 2008, we accomplished our goals of increasing our revenues through offering our proprietary software as software-enabled services and expanding our reach in the financial services market with acquisitions. Our revenues for 2008 were $280.0 million, compared to $248.2 million and $205.5 million, in 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our recurring revenues, which are defined as maintenance revenues and software-enable services revenues, were $230.8 million in 2008 compared to $203.2 million in 2007 and $163.0 million in 2006, representing increases of 13.6% and 24.7%, respectively. In 2008, recurring revenues represented 82.4% of total revenues. We believe our high level of recurring revenues provides us with the ability to better manage our costs and capital investments.

 

In 2006, 2007 and 2008, we entered into new financial services markets or expanded our existing markets through the acquisitions of Cogent Management, Zoologic, Northport and Micro Design Services. These acquisitions expanded our offerings for alternative investment managers and provided us with new trading products for broker/dealers and financial exchanges and online financial and investment training courses.

 

We continued to focus on improving operating margins. Our total expenses, including costs of revenues, were $214.9 million in 2008 compared to $199.4 million and $161.6 million, in 2007 and 2006, respectively. Our expenses increased in 2008 over 2007 mainly as a result of increased payroll as we increased our personnel count from 1,059 at the end of 2007 to 1,128 at the end of 2008. The increase in personnel was mainly to support the growth in our software-enabled services and professional services revenues. As a result of managing our expenses, our operating income margins were 23.2% of revenues in 2008 compared to 19.6% in 2007 and 21.4% in 2006. Consolidated EBITDA, a non-GAAP financial measure defined in our credit agreement and used to measure our debt compliance, was $115.6 million in 2008 compared to $98.7 million and $84.0 million, in 2007 and 2006, respectively.

 

We generated $61.7 million in cash from operating activities in 2008 compared to $57.1 million and $30.7 million, in 2007 and 2006, respectively. In 2008, we used our operating cash flow to repay $25.6 million of debt, acquire Micro Design Services for $17.9 million and invest $6.7 million in capital equipment in our business.

 

In the fourth quarter of 2008, our clients started experiencing the impact of the economic downturn, as assets under management declined and redemptions exceeded in-flows at money managers and hedge funds. Our revenues for the fourth quarter of 2008 were $68.3 million, down 3.8% sequentially from $71.0 million in the third quarter of 2008.

 

Strategic Acquisitions

 

To complement our organic growth, we evaluate and execute acquisitions that expand our client base, increase our market presence both in the United States and abroad, expand the breadth of our proprietary software and software-enabled service offerings and enhance our strategic assets. Since the beginning of 2006, we have spent approximately $41.5 million in cash to acquire five financial services businesses.

The following table lists the businesses we have acquired since 2005:

 

 

Critical Accounting Estimates and Assumptions

 

A number of our accounting policies require the application of significant judgment by our management, and such judgments are reflected in the amounts reported in our consolidated financial statements. In applying these policies, our management uses its judgment to determine the appropriate assumptions to be used in the determination of estimates. Those estimates are based on our historical experience, terms of existing contracts, management’s observation of trends in the industry, information provided by our clients and information available from other outside sources, as appropriate. On an ongoing basis, we evaluate our estimates and judgments, including those related to revenue recognition, doubtful accounts receivable, goodwill and other intangible assets and other contingent liabilities. Actual results may differ significantly from the estimates contained in our consolidated financial statements. We believe that the following are our critical accounting policies.

 

Revenue Recognition

 

Our revenues consist primarily of software-enabled services and maintenance revenues, and, to a lesser degree, software license and professional services revenues.

 

Software-enabled services revenues, which are based on a monthly fee or transaction-based, are recognized as the services are performed. Software-enabled services are provided under arrangements that generally have terms of two to five years and contain monthly or quarterly fixed payments, with additional billing for increases in market value of a client’s assets, pricing and trading activity under certain contracts.

 

We recognize software-enabled services revenues in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (“SAB”) 104 “Revenue Recognition”, on a monthly basis as the software-enabled services are provided and when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the price is fixed or determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured. We do not recognize any revenues before services are performed. Certain contracts contain additional fees for increases in market value, pricing and trading activity. Revenues related to these additional fees are recognized in the month in which the activity occurs based upon our summarization of account information and trading volume.

 

We apply the provisions of Statement of Position No. 97-2, “Software Revenue Recognition” (SOP 97-2) to all software transactions. We recognize revenues from the sale of software licenses when persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, the product has been delivered, the fee is fixed or determinable and collection of the resulting receivable is reasonably assured. Our products generally do not require significant modification or customization of the underlying software and, accordingly, the implementation services we provide are not considered essential to the functionality of the software.

We use a signed license agreement as evidence of an arrangement for the majority of our transactions. Delivery generally occurs when the product is delivered to a common carrier F.O.B. shipping point, or if delivered electronically, when the client has been provided with access codes that allow for immediate possession via a download. Although our arrangements generally do not have acceptance provisions, if such provisions are included in the arrangement, then delivery occurs at acceptance. At the time of the transaction, we assess whether the fee is fixed or determinable based on the payment terms. Collection is assessed based on several factors, including past transaction history with the client and the creditworthiness of the client. The arrangements for perpetual software licenses are generally sold with maintenance and professional services. We allocate revenue to the delivered components, normally the license component, using the residual value method based on objective evidence of the fair value of the undelivered elements. The total contract value is attributed first to the maintenance and support arrangement based on the fair value, which is derived from renewal rates. Fair value of the professional services is based upon stand-alone sales of those services. Professional services are generally billed at an hourly rate plus out-of-pocket expenses. Professional services revenues are recognized as the services are performed. Maintenance revenues are recognized ratably over the term of the contract.

 

We also sell term licenses with maintenance. These arrangements range from one to seven years. Vendor-specific objective evidence does not exist for the maintenance element in the term licenses, and revenues are therefore recognized ratably over the contractual term of the arrangement.

 

We occasionally enter into software license agreements requiring significant customization or fixed-fee professional service arrangements. We account for these arrangements in accordance with the percentage-of-completion method based on the ratio of hours incurred to expected total hours; accordingly we must estimate the costs to complete the arrangement utilizing an estimate of man-hours remaining. Due to uncertainties inherent in the estimation process, it is at least reasonably possible that completion costs may be revised. Such revisions are recognized in the period in which the revisions are determined. Due to the complexity of some software license agreements, we routinely apply judgments to the application of software recognition accounting principles to specific agreements and transactions. Different judgments or different contract structures could have led to different accounting conclusions, which could have a material effect on our reported quarterly results of operations.

 

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

 

The preparation of financial statements requires our management to make estimates relating to the collectability of our accounts receivable. Management establishes the allowance for doubtful accounts based on historical bad debt experience. In addition, management analyzes client accounts, client concentrations, client creditworthiness, current economic trends and changes in our clients’ payment terms when evaluating the adequacy of the allowance for doubtful accounts. Such estimates require significant judgment on the part of our management. Therefore, changes in the assumptions underlying our estimates or changes in the financial condition of our clients could result in a different required allowance, which could have a material effect on our reported results of operations.

 

Long-lived Assets, Intangible Assets and Goodwill

 

Under Statement of Financial Accounting Standards (SFAS) No. 142, “Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets” (SFAS 142), we must test goodwill annually for impairment (and in interim periods if certain events occur indicating that the carrying value of goodwill or indefinite-lived intangible assets may be impaired) using reporting units identified for the purpose of assessing potential future impairments of goodwill.

 

We apply the provisions of SFAS 142 and SFAS No. 144, “Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets,” and assess the impairment of identifiable intangibles, long-lived assets and goodwill whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying value may not be recoverable. Factors we consider important which could trigger an impairment review include the following:

 

 

When we determine that the carrying value of intangibles, long-lived assets and goodwill may not be recoverable based upon the existence of one or more of the above indicators of potential impairment, we assess whether an impairment has occurred based on whether net book value of the assets exceeds related projected undiscounted cash flows from these assets. We considered a number of factors, including past operating results, budgets, economic projections, market trends and product development cycles. Differing estimates and assumptions as to any of the factors described above could result in a materially different impairment charge and thus materially different results of operations. To the extent that we do not achieve our revenue or operating cash flow plans or other measures of fair value decline, including external valuation assumptions, our current goodwill carrying value could be impaired. Additionally, since the fair value of reporting units are also based in part on the market approach, if comparable company market multiples decline from the levels at December 31, 2008, it is possible we could be required to perform the second step of the goodwill impairment test and impairment could result.

 

Acquisition Accounting

 

In connection with our acquisitions, we applied the provisions of SFAS No. 141, “Business Combinations,” and allocate the purchase price to the assets and liabilities we acquire, such as net tangible assets, completed technology, in-process research and development, client contracts, other identifiable intangible assets and goodwill. We applied significant judgments and estimates in determining the fair market value of the assets acquired and their useful lives. For example, we have determined the fair value of existing client contracts based on the discounted estimated net future cash flows from such client contracts existing at the date of acquisition and the fair value of the completed technology based on the discounted estimated future cash flows from the product sales of such completed technology. While actual results during the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 were consistent with our estimated cash flows and we did not incur any impairment charges during those years, different estimates and assumptions in valuing acquired assets could yield materially different results.

 

Stock-based Compensation

 

As of the date of the Transaction, the Company adopted SFAS No. 123R (revised 2004), “Share-Based Payment” (SFAS 123R), using the modified prospective method, which requires companies to record stock compensation expense over the remaining service period for all unvested awards as of the adoption date. Accordingly, prior period amounts have not been restated. Using the fair value recognition provisions of SFAS 123R, stock-based compensation cost is measured at the grant date based on the value of the award and is recognized as expense over the appropriate service period. Determining the fair value of stock-based awards requires considerable judgment, including estimating the expected term of stock options, expected volatility of our stock price, and the number of awards expected to be forfeited. In addition, for stock-based awards where vesting is dependent upon achieving certain operating performance goals, we estimate the likelihood of achieving the performance goals. Differences between actual results and these estimates could have a material effect on our financial results. A deferred income tax asset is recorded over the vesting period as stock compensation expense is recorded. The realizability of the deferred tax asset is ultimately based on the actual value of the stock-based award upon exercise. If the actual value is lower than the fair value determined on the date of grant, then there could be an income tax expense for the portion of the deferred tax asset that is not realizable.

 

SS&C Holdings grants stock options to our employees and directors under the SS&C Holdings 2006 equity incentive plan. Given the lack of a public market for SS&C Holdings common stock, the SS&C Holdings board of directors must determine the fair value of SS&C Holdings common stock on the date of grant, which requires making complex and subjective judgments. The SS&C Holdings board has reviewed and considered a number of factors when determining the fair value of SS&C Holdings common stock, including:

 

 

 

There were no stock options granted during 2008. The following table summarizes information about stock options granted during 2006 and 2007:

 

 

 

 

Income Taxes

 

The carrying value of our deferred tax assets assumes that we will be able to generate sufficient future taxable income in certain tax jurisdictions, based on estimates and assumptions. If these estimates and related assumptions change in the future, we may be required to record additional valuation allowances against our deferred tax assets resulting in additional income tax expense in our consolidated statement of operations. On a quarterly basis, we evaluate whether deferred tax assets are realizable and assess whether there is a need for additional valuation allowances. Such estimates require significant judgment on the part of our management. In addition, we evaluate the need to provide additional tax provisions for adjustments proposed by taxing authorities.

 

On January 1, 2007, we adopted the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes” (FIN 48). At adoption, we had $5.3 million of liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits. The adoption of FIN 48 resulted in a reclassification of certain tax liabilities from current to non-current and to certain related deferred tax assets. We did not record a cumulative effect adjustment to retained earnings as a result of adopting FIN 48. As of January 1, 2007, accrued interest related to unrecognized tax benefits was less than $0.1 million. We recognize accrued interest and penalties relating to the unrecognized tax benefits as a component of the income tax provision.

 

As of December 31, 2008, we had $5.8 million of liabilities for unrecognized tax benefits which, if recognized, would decrease our effective tax rate and increase our net income.

Results of Operations for the Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006

 

The following table sets forth revenues (dollars in thousands) and changes in revenues for the periods indicated:

 

 

The following table sets forth the percentage of our total revenues represented by each of the following sources of revenues for the periods indicated:

 

 

Comparison of Years Ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006

 

Revenues

 

Revenues were $280.0 million, $248.2 million and $205.5 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. Revenue growth in 2008 of $31.8 million, or 13%, was driven by revenues for businesses and products that we have owned for at least 12 months, or organic revenues, which increased 12%, accounting for $28.7 million of the increase, and came from increased demand of $23.2 million for our software-enabled services, an increase of $6.0 million in professional services revenues and an increase of $2.8 million in maintenance revenues, partially offset by a decrease of $3.3 million in license sales. The remaining $3.1 million increase was due to sales of products and services that we acquired in our acquisitions of Micro Design Services (“MDS”) and Northport, which occurred in October 2008 and March 2007, respectively. Revenue growth in 2008 includes the unfavorable impact from foreign currency translation of $0.7 million resulting from the strength of the U.S. dollar relative to the British pound, partially offset by weakness relative to the Canadian dollar and the euro. Revenue growth in 2007 of $42.7 million, or 21%, was driven by revenues for businesses and products that we have owned for at least 12 months, or organic revenues, which increased 16%, accounting for $32.7 million of the increase, and came from increased demand of $29.0 million for our software-enabled services, an increase of $3.7 million in maintenance revenues and an increase of $2.0 million in license sales, partially offset by a decrease of $2.0 million in professional services revenues. The remaining $6.4 million increase was due to sales of products and services that we acquired in our acquisitions of Northport, Zoologic and Cogent, which occurred in March 2007, August 2006 and March 2006, respectively. Additionally, revenues for 2006 include a reduction of $3.6 million as a result of adjusting deferred revenue to fair value in connection with the Transaction. Revenue growth in 2007 includes the favorable impact from foreign currency translation of $4.6 million resulting from the weakness of the U.S. dollar relative to currencies such as the Canadian dollar, the British pound and the euro.

Software Licenses

 

Software license revenues were $24.8 million, $27.5 million and $22.9 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The decrease in software license revenues from 2007 to 2008 of $2.7 million was due to a decrease of $3.3 million in organic license sales, partially offset by $0.6 million related to sales of products we acquired as a result of our acquisition of MDS. During 2008, we had fewer perpetual license transactions than in 2007, but at a similar average size, offset by an increase in revenues from term licenses. The increase in software license revenues from 2006 to 2007 of $4.6 million was primarily due to organic growth of $2.0 million and acquisitions, which contributed $1.1 million to the increase. Additionally, software license revenues for 2006 included a reduction of $1.5 million as a result of adjusting our deferred revenue to fair value in connection with the Transaction. During 2007, both the number of perpetual license transactions and the average size of those transactions increased from 2006. Software license revenues will vary depending on the timing, size and nature of our license transactions. For example, the average size of our software license transactions and the number of large transactions may fluctuate on a period-to-period basis. Additionally, software license revenues will vary among the various products that we offer, due to differences such as the timing of new releases and variances in economic conditions affecting opportunities in the vertical markets served by such products.

 

Maintenance

 

Maintenance revenues were $65.2 million, $61.9 million and $55.2 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in maintenance revenues of $3.3 million, or 5%, in 2008 was due in part to organic revenue growth of $2.8 million and our acquisition of MDS, which added $0.5 million. The increase in maintenance revenues of $6.7 million, or 12%, in 2007 was due in part to organic revenue growth of $3.7 million and acquisitions, which added $0.2 million. Additionally, maintenance revenues in 2006 included a reduction of $2.8 million as a result of adjusting our deferred revenue to fair value in connection with the Transaction. We typically provide maintenance services under one-year renewable contracts that provide for an annual increase in fees, generally tied to the percentage changes in the consumer price index. Future maintenance revenue growth is dependent on our ability to retain existing clients, add new license clients and increase average maintenance fees.

 

Professional Services

 

Professional services revenues were $24.4 million, $17.5 million and $19.6 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in professional services revenues of $6.9 million, or 39%, in 2008 was primarily due to organic growth of $6.0 million and our acquisition of MDS, which contributed $0.9 million to the increase. The growth in organic revenues was primarily attributable to one significant implementation project for a client that is expected to transition to our software-enabled services in early 2009. The decrease in professional services revenues in 2007 was primarily related to several large professional services projects that were either completed or substantially completed in late 2006; we were not engaged in similar sized projects in 2007. Additionally, professional services revenues for 2006 included an increase of $0.2 million as a result of adjusting our deferred revenue to fair value in connection with the Transaction. Our overall software license revenue levels and market demand for professional services will continue to have an effect on our professional services revenues.

Software-Enabled Services

 

Software-enabled services revenues were $165.6 million, $141.3 million and $107.7 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in software-enabled services revenues in 2008 of $24.3 million, or 17%, was primarily due to organic growth of $23.2 million, which included increased demand for portfolio management and accounting services from existing clients and the addition of new clients for our SS&C Fund Services and SS&C Direct software-enabled services, as well as our Pacer application service provider (“ASP”) services and Securities Valuation (“SVC”) securities data services provided by SS&C Technologies Canada Corp. Our 2007 acquisition of Northport contributed $1.1 million of the growth, reflecting a full twelve months of activity. The increase in software-enabled services revenues in 2007 of $33.6 million, or 31%, was primarily due to organic growth of $29.0 million, which included increased demand for portfolio management and accounting services from existing clients and the addition of new clients for our SS&C Fund Services and SS&C Direct software-enabled services, as well as our Pacer ASP services and SVC securities data services provided by SS&C Technologies Canada Corp. Acquisitions added $5.0 million in revenues. Additionally, software-enabled services revenues for 2006 include an increase of $0.4 million related to the valuation of deferred revenue acquired in the Transaction. Future software-enabled services revenue growth is dependent on our ability to add new software-enabled services clients, retain existing clients and increase average software-enabled services fees.

 

During the fourth quarter of 2008, we experienced a decline in software-enabled services revenues of approximately 9% from the third quarter. We believe these declines are attributable to the overall weakening of economic conditions and were the result of fund redemption, several fund liquidations and the movement of existing fund investments from securities to cash. While we have continued to add new clients, we cannot be certain that revenues from these additional clients will be sufficient to offset any continued effects from the current economic downturn.

 

Cost of Revenues

 

The total cost of revenues was $142.4 million, $128.9 million and $100.0 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The gross margin changed from 51% in 2006 to 48% in 2007 and 49% in 2008. The increase of $13.5 million in total cost of revenues in 2008 was mainly due to personnel increases early in the year to support revenue growth, particularly professional services and software-enabled services, and acquisitions. Cost increases to support our organic revenue growth were $12.5 million and acquisitions added $1.5 million in costs, primarily in software-enabled services revenues. In November 2008, we reduced our workforce by approximately 9% in response to the anticipated effects of the current economic downturn. Severance expenses related to this action added $0.6 million in expenses to total cost of revenues. These increases were offset by a decrease of $1.1 million in stock-based compensation expense, as 2007 stock-based compensation expense included charges related to the vesting of 2006 performance options. The increase in total cost of revenues in 2007 was mainly due to three factors: personnel increases to support revenue growth, acquisitions and the increased costs associated with stock-based compensation and amortization of intangibles. Cost increases to support our organic revenue growth were $15.8 million and acquisitions added $4.0 million in costs, primarily in software-enabled services revenues. Stock-based compensation expense increased $2.0 million due to the vesting of certain performance-based options, amortization expense increased $6.9 million as a result of increasing cash flows, and non-cash rent expense increased $0.2 million. Certain of our intangible assets are amortized into cost of revenues based on the ratio that current cash flows for the intangible assets bear to the total of current and expected future cash flows for the intangible assets.

 

Cost of Software License Revenues

 

The cost of software license revenues was $9.2 million, $9.6 million and $9.2 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The decrease in cost of software licenses in 2008 was due to a reduction in amortization expense under the percent of cash flows method, as a lower percentage of current license revenues was deemed associated with technology that existed at the date of the Transaction. The increase in cost of software licenses in 2007 was due to additional amortization expense under the percent of cash flows method.

Cost of Maintenance Revenues

 

The cost of maintenance revenues was $26.9 million, $26.0 million and $20.4 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in cost of maintenance revenues in 2008 was primarily due to additional personnel and related costs of $0.7 million and additional amortization expense of $0.3 million as a result of increasing cash flows, partially offset by a decrease of $0.1 million in stock-based compensation expense. The increase in cost of maintenance revenues in 2007 was primarily due to additional amortization expense of $4.6 million as a result of increasing cash flows, acquisitions, which added $0.5 million in costs, an increase of $0.3 million in costs to support organic revenue growth and additional stock-based compensation expense of $0.2 million.

 

Cost of Professional Services Revenues

 

The cost of professional services revenue was $16.1 million, $14.3 million and $12.6 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in cost of professional services revenues in 2008 was primarily due to an increase of $0.4 million in personnel and related costs to support revenue growth and $0.7 million in costs for third-party hardware, partially offset by a decrease of $0.1 million in stock-based compensation expense. Acquisitions added $0.8 million in costs. The increase in cost of professional services revenues in 2007 was primarily due to additional stock-based compensation expense of $0.2 million and an increase of $1.4 million in personnel costs. Acquisitions added $0.1 million in costs.

 

Cost of Software-Enabled Services Revenues

 

The cost of software-enabled services revenues was $90.3 million, $79.0 million and $57.8 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The increase in cost of software-enabled services revenues in 2008 was primarily due to an increase of $10.8 million in costs, primarily related to personnel and communications, to support the growth in organic revenues and our acquisition of Northport, which added $0.7 million, representing a full year of costs. Additionally, severance expenses related to our workforce reduction contributed $0.4 million and amortization expense increased $0.3 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $0.9 million in stock-based compensation expense. The increase in cost of software-enabled services revenues in 2007 was primarily due to an increase of $14.2 million in costs to support the growth in organic revenues, additional stock-based compensation expense of $1.7 million and acquisitions, which added $3.2 million. Additionally, amortization expense increased $2.0 million due to increasing cash flows and non-cash rent expense increased $0.1 million.

 

Operating Expenses

 

Our total operating expenses were $72.5 million, $70.6 million and $61.6 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, representing 26%, 28% and 30%, respectively, of total revenues in those years. The increase in operating expenses in 2008 was primarily due to our expensing $1.6 million in costs related our public offering, which was withdrawn due to market conditions, and severance expenses of $1.0 million related to our workforce reduction. Additionally, operating costs increased $2.3 million, primarily related to personnel, and amortization expense increased $0.2 million. These increases were offset in part by a decrease of $2.6 million in stock-based compensation expense, as 2007 stock-based compensation expense included charges related to the vesting of 2006 performance options, a decrease of $0.5 million in capital-based taxes and a decrease of $0.5 million in expenses paid to The Carlyle Group. Acquisitions added $0.4 million in costs. The increase in operating expenses in 2007 was primarily due to additional stock-based compensation expense of $5.1 million due to the vesting of certain performance-based options and additional increases of $2.9 million in costs to support organic revenue growth. Expenses increased $0.2 million related to increased amortization expense, partially offset by a decrease of $0.2 million in capital-based taxes. The remaining $1.0 million of the increase was due to our acquisitions of Northport, Zoologic and Cogent.

Selling and Marketing

 

Selling and marketing expenses were $19.6 million, $19.7 million and $17.6 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, representing 7%, 8% and 9%, respectively, of total revenues in those years. The decrease in selling and marketing expenses in 2008 was primarily attributable to a decrease in stock-based compensation expense of $0.6 million, partially offset by acquisitions, which added $0.2 million in costs, and an increase of $0.3 million in amortization expense. The increase in selling and marketing expenses in 2007 was primarily attributable to an increase in stock-based compensation expense of $1.2 million, our acquisitions, which added $0.5 million in costs, and an increase of $0.4 million in costs, primarily commissions due to the increase in revenue.

 

Research and Development

 

Research and development expenses were $26.8 million, $26.3 million and $23.6 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, representing 10%, 11% and 11%, respectively, of total revenues in those years. The increase in research and development expenses in 2008 was primarily due to an increase of $0.6 million in costs, to support organic revenue growth, and severance expenses of $0.3 million, partially offset by a decrease of $0.4 million in stock-based compensation expense. The increase in research and development expenses in 2007 was primarily due to an increase of $1.4 million in costs to support organic revenue growth, additional stock-based compensation expense of $0.7 million, our acquisitions, which added $0.4 million and an increase of $0.1 million in non-cash rent expense.

 

General and Administrative

 

General and administrative expenses were $26.1 million, $24.6 million and $20.4 million in 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, representing 9%, 10% and 10%, respectively, of total revenues in those years. The increase in general and administrative expenses in 2008 was primarily due to an increase of $1.7 million in operating costs, primarily related to personnel, our expensing $1.6 million in costs related our public offering, which was withdrawn due to market conditions, and severance expenses of $0.7 million. These increases were offset in part by a decrease of $1.6 million in stock-based compensation expense, a decrease of $0.5 million in capital-based taxes and a decrease of $0.5 million in expenses paid to The Carlyle Group. Acquisitions added $0.2 million in costs. The increase in general and administrative expenses in 2007 was primarily due to an increase of $0.9 million in costs to support the growth in organic revenues, primarily personnel related costs, additional stock-based compensation expense of $3.2 million and acquisitions, which added $0.2 million. These increases were partially offset by a decrease of $0.1 million in non-cash rent expense.

 

Interest Income, Interest Expense and Other Income, Net

 

We had interest expense of $41.5 million and interest income of $0.4 million in 2008 compared to interest expense of $45.5 million and interest income of $0.9 million in 2007. In 2006, we had interest expense of $47.4 million and interest income of $0.4 million. The decrease in interest expense in 2008 reflects the lower average debt balance and lower average interest rates on the floating portion of our debt as compared to 2007. The decrease in interest income in 2008 is also related to the lower average interest rates as compared to 2007. The decrease in interest expense in 2007 reflects the lower average debt balance as compared to 2006. The increase in interest income in 2007 is related to the higher average cash balance as compared to 2006. Other income, net in 2008 consists primarily of foreign currency translation gains of $4.0 million, partially offset by a $2.0 million loss we recorded relating to our investment in a private company which we account for under the equity method of accounting. Other income, net in 2007 consists primarily of foreign currency translation gains of $0.6 million, property tax refunds of $0.9 million and $0.4 million related to the favorable settlement of a liability accrued at the time of our acquisition of Financial Models in 2005. Other income, net in 2006 primarily reflects income recorded under the equity method from a private investment.

Provision for Income Taxes

 

For the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded a provision for income taxes of $7.1 million. The difference between the provision we recorded and the statutory rate was primarily due to foreign tax benefits of approximately $2.3 million and a benefit of $0.6 million due to changes in Canadian withholding rates enacted in December 2008. These benefits were partially offset by state income taxes of $1.0 million. For the year ended December 31, 2007, we recorded a benefit of $0.5 million. The difference between the benefit we recorded and the statutory rate was partially due to changes in Canadian statutory tax rates enacted in June 2007 and December 2007, for which we recorded a benefit of approximately $1.5 million, and other foreign tax benefits of approximately $1.9 million. For the year ended December 31, 2006, we recorded a benefit of $3.8 million. This was partially due to a change in Canadian statutory tax rates enacted in June 2006, for which we recorded a benefit of approximately $1.2 million and other foreign tax benefits of approximately $1.9 million. We had $65.6 million of deferred tax liabilities and $12.8 million of deferred tax assets at December 31, 2008. In future years, we expect to have sufficient levels of profitability to realize the net deferred tax assets at December 31, 2008.

 

Liquidity and Capital Resources

 

Our principal cash requirements are to finance the costs of our operations pending the billing and collection of client receivables, to fund payments with respect to our indebtedness, to invest in research and development and to acquire complementary businesses or assets. We expect our cash on hand, cash flows from operations and availability under the revolving credit portion of our senior credit facilities to provide sufficient liquidity to fund our current obligations, projected working capital requirements and capital spending for at least the next 12 months.

 

Our cash and cash equivalents at December 31, 2008 were $29.3 million, an increase of $10.1 million from $19.2 million at December 31, 2007. Cash provided by operations was partially offset by net repayments of debt and cash used for an acquisition and capital expenditures.

 

Net cash provided by operating activities was $61.7 million in 2008. Net cash provided by operating activities during 2008 was primarily the result of our net income, adjusted for non-cash expenses including depreciation and amortization, stock compensation expense, amortization of loan origination costs and a decrease in deferred income taxes. The net change in our operating accounts was driven by increases in accrued expenses, income taxes payable and deferred revenues, partially offset by increases in prepaid expenses and other assets and accounts receivable. The increase in accrued expenses primarily represents the increases in accrued employee bonuses. The increase in accounts receivable is primarily attributable to our growth in revenues. Days’ sales outstanding decreased to 51 days as of December 31, 2008 from 52 days as of December 31, 2007. Deferred revenues increased as a result of maintenance revenues increasing in 2008 over 2007.

 

Investing activities used net cash of $24.6 million in 2008. Cash used by investing activities was primarily due to $17.9 million cash paid for the acquisition of MDS and $6.7 million in capital expenditures to support the growth of our business.

 

Net cash used in financing activities was $25.5 million in 2008, primarily related to net repayments of debt.

 

Contractual Obligations

 

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of December 31, 2008 that require us to make future cash payments (in thousands):

 

 

 

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

 

We have no off-balance sheet arrangements that have or are reasonably likely to have a current or future effect on our financial condition, changes in financial condition, revenues or expenses, results of operations, liquidity, capital expenditures or capital resources that is material to investors.

 

The Going-Private Transaction

 

On November 23, 2005, in connection with the Transaction, SS&C (1) entered into a new $350 million credit facility, consisting of a $200 million term loan facility with SS&C as the borrower, a $75 million-equivalent term loan facility with a Canadian subsidiary as the borrower ($17 million of which is denominated in US dollars and $58 million of which is denominated in Canadian dollars) and a $75 million revolving credit facility and (2) issued $205 million aggregate principal amount of 113/4% senior subordinated notes due 2013.

 

As a result of the Transaction, we are highly leveraged and our debt service requirements are significant. At December 31, 2008, our total indebtedness was $408.7 million and we had $75.0 million available for borrowing under our revolving credit facility.

 

Senior Credit Facilities

 

SS&C’s borrowings under the senior credit facilities bear interest at either a floating base rate or a Eurocurrency rate plus, in each case, an applicable margin. In addition, SS&C pays a commitment fee in respect of unused revolving commitments at a rate that will be adjusted based on our leverage ratio. SS&C is obligated to make quarterly principal payments on the term loan of $2.1 million per year. Subject to certain exceptions, thresholds and other limitations, SS&C is required to prepay outstanding loans under the senior credit facilities with the net proceeds of certain asset dispositions and certain debt issuances and 50% of its excess cash flow (as defined in the agreements governing our senior credit facilities), which percentage will be reduced based on our reaching certain leverage ratio thresholds.

The obligations under our senior credit facilities are guaranteed by SS&C Holdings and all of SS&C’s existing and future material wholly owned U.S. subsidiaries, with certain exceptions as set forth in our credit agreement. The obligations of the Canadian borrower are guaranteed by SS&C Holdings, SS&C and each of SS&C’s U.S. and Canadian subsidiaries, with certain exceptions as set forth in the credit agreement. The obligations under the senior credit facilities are secured by a perfected first priority security interest in all of SS&C’s capital stock and all of the capital stock or other equity interests held by SS&C Holdings, SS&C and each of SS&C’s existing and future U.S. subsidiary guarantors (subject to certain limitations for equity interests of foreign subsidiaries and other exceptions as set forth in our credit agreement) and all of SS&C Holdings’ and SS&C’s tangible and intangible assets and the tangible and intangible assets of each of SS&C’s existing and future U.S. subsidiary guarantors, with certain exceptions as set forth in the credit agreement. The Canadian borrower’s borrowings under the senior credit facilities and all guarantees thereof are secured by a perfected first priority security interest in all of SS&C’s capital stock and all of the capital stock or other equity interests held by SS&C Holdings, SS&C and each of SS&C’s existing and future U.S. and Canadian subsidiary guarantors, with certain exceptions as set forth in the credit agreement, and all of SS&C Holdings’ and SS&C’s tangible and intangible assets and the tangible and intangible assets of each of SS&C’s existing and future U.S. and Canadian subsidiary guarantors, with certain exceptions as set forth in the credit agreement.

 

The senior credit facilities contain a number of covenants that, among other things, restrict, subject to certain exceptions, SS&C’s (and its restricted subsidiaries’) ability to incur additional indebtedness, pay dividends and distributions on capital stock, create liens on assets, enter into sale and lease-back transactions, repay subordinated indebtedness, make capital expenditures, engage in certain transactions with affiliates, dispose of assets and engage in mergers or acquisitions. In addition, under the senior credit facilities, SS&C is required to satisfy and maintain a maximum total leverage ratio and a minimum interest coverage ratio. We were in compliance with all covenants at December 31, 2008.

 

In March 2007, SS&C amended the credit agreement to reduce the margin on the U.S. Term Loan from 2.5% to 2.0%.

 

113/4% Senior Subordinated Notes due 2013

 

The 113/4% senior subordinated notes due 2013 are unsecured senior subordinated obligations of SS&C that are subordinated in right of payment to all existing and future senior debt, including the senior credit facilities. The senior subordinated notes will be pari passu in right of payment to all future senior subordinated debt of SS&C.

 

The senior subordinated notes are redeemable in whole or in part, at SS&C’s option, at any time at varying redemption prices that generally include premiums, which are defined in the indenture. In addition, upon a change of control, SS&C is required to make an offer to redeem all of the senior subordinated notes at a redemption price equal to 101% of the aggregate principal amount thereof plus accrued and unpaid interest.

 

The indenture governing the senior subordinated notes contains a number of covenants that restrict, subject to certain exceptions, SS&C’s ability and the ability of its restricted subsidiaries to incur additional indebtedness, pay dividends, make certain investments, create liens, dispose of certain assets and engage in mergers or acquisitions.

 

Covenant Compliance

 

Under the senior credit facilities, we are required to satisfy and maintain specified financial ratios and other financial condition tests. As of December 31, 2008, we were in compliance with the financial and non-financial covenants. Our continued ability to meet these financial ratios and tests can be affected by events beyond our control, and we cannot assure you that we will meet these ratios and tests. A breach of any of these covenants could result in a default under the senior credit facilities. Upon the occurrence of any event of default under the senior credit facilities, the lenders could elect to declare all amounts outstanding under the senior credit facilities to be immediately due and payable and terminate all commitments to extend further credit.

Consolidated EBITDA is a non-GAAP financial measure used in key financial covenants contained in our senior credit facilities, which are material facilities supporting our capital structure and providing liquidity to our business. Consolidated EBITDA is defined as earnings before interest, taxes, depreciation and amortization (EBITDA), further adjusted to exclude unusual items and other adjustments permitted in calculating covenant compliance under our senior credit facilities. We believe that the inclusion of supplementary adjustments to EBITDA applied in presenting Consolidated EBITDA is appropriate to provide additional information to investors to demonstrate compliance with the specified financial ratios and other financial condition tests contained in our senior credit facilities.

 

Management uses Consolidated EBITDA to gauge the costs of our capital structure on a day-to-day basis when full financial statements are unavailable. Management further believes that providing this information allows our investors greater transparency and a better understanding of our ability to meet our debt service obligations and make capital expenditures.

 

The breach of covenants in our senior credit facilities that are tied to ratios based on Consolidated EBITDA could result in a default under that agreement, in which case the lenders could elect to declare all amounts borrowed due and payable and to terminate any commitments they have to provide further borrowings. Any such acceleration would also result in a default under our indenture governing the senior subordinated notes. Any default and subsequent acceleration of payments under our debt agreements would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows. Additionally, under our debt agreements, our ability to engage in activities such as incurring additional indebtedness, making investments and paying dividends is also tied to ratios based on Consolidated EBITDA.

 

Consolidated EBITDA does not represent net income (loss) or cash flow from operations as those terms are defined by GAAP and does not necessarily indicate whether cash flows will be sufficient to fund cash needs. Further, our senior credit facilities require that Consolidated EBITDA be calculated for the most recent four fiscal quarters. As a result, the measure can be disproportionately affected by a particularly strong or weak quarter. Further, it may not be comparable to the measure for any subsequent four-quarter period or any complete fiscal year.

 

Consolidated EBITDA is not a recognized measurement under GAAP, and investors should not consider Consolidated EBITDA as a substitute for measures of our financial performance and liquidity as determined in accordance with GAAP, such as net income, operating income or net cash provided by operating activities. Because other companies may calculate Consolidated EBITDA differently than we do, Consolidated EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies. Consolidated EBITDA has other limitations as an analytical tool, when compared to the use of net income, which is the most directly comparable GAAP financial measure, including:

 

 

The following is a reconciliation of net income to Consolidated EBITDA as defined in our senior credit facilities.

 

 

 

 

Our covenant restricting capital expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2008 limits expenditures to $12.7 million. Actual capital expenditures for the year ended December 31, 2008 were $6.7 million. Our covenant requirements for total leverage ratio and minimum interest coverage ratio and the actual ratios for the year ended December 31, 2008 are as follows:

 

 

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

 

In April 2008, the FASB issued FSP FAS 142-3 “Determination of the Useful Life of Intangible Assets” (“FSP FAS 142-3”), which is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 31, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is prohibited. FSP FAS 142-3 provides guidance for determining the useful life of a recognized intangible asset and will be applied prospectively to intangible assets acquired after the effective date. We plan to adopt FSP FAS 142-3 effective January 1, 2009, and its effects on future periods will depend on the nature and significance of any acquisitions subject to FAS 141R “Business Combinations” (“FAS 141R”).

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (“SFAS 161”). SFAS 161 is intended to improve transparency in financial reporting by requiring enhanced disclosures of an entity’s derivative instruments and hedging activities and their effects on the entity’s financial position, financial performance, and cash flows. SFAS 161 applies to all derivative instruments within the scope of SFAS 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” as well as related hedged items, bifurcated derivatives, and nonderivative instruments that are designated and qualify as hedging instruments. Entities with instruments subject to SFAS 161 must provide more robust qualitative disclosures and expanded quantitative disclosures. SFAS 161 is effective prospectively for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application permitted. We are currently evaluating the disclosure implications of this statement.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141(R). SFAS 141(R) requires all business combinations completed after the effective date to be accounted for by applying the acquisition method (previously referred to as the purchase method). Companies applying this method will have to identify the acquirer, determine the acquisition date and purchase price and recognize at their acquisition-date fair values the identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interests in the acquiree. In the case of a bargain purchase the acquirer is required to reevaluate the measurements of the recognized assets and liabilities at the acquisition date and recognize a gain on that date if an excess remains. SFAS 141(R) becomes effective for fiscal periods beginning after December 15, 2008. The impact of SFAS 141(R) on our financial statements will depend on the nature and structure of future business combinations, including the type of purchase consideration and amount of costs incurred to effect future transactions.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities — Including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115,” (“SFAS 159”) which is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007. SFAS 159 permits entities to choose to measure many financial instruments and certain other items at fair value. This statement also establishes presentation and disclosure requirements designed to facilitate comparisons between entities that choose different measurement attributes for similar types of assets and liabilities. Unrealized gains and losses on items for which the fair value option is elected would be reported in earnings. We have adopted SFAS 159 and elected not to measure any additional financial instruments and other items at fair value.

 

 

We do not use derivative financial instruments for trading or speculative purposes. We have invested our available cash in short-term, highly liquid financial instruments, having initial maturities of three months or less. When necessary we have borrowed to fund acquisitions.

 

At December 31, 2008, we had total debt of $408.7 million, including $203.7 million of variable interest rate debt. We have entered into three interest rate swap agreements which fixed the interest rates of our variable interest rate debt. Two of our swap agreements, one denominated in U.S. dollars with a notional value of $50.0 million and one denominated in Canadian dollars with a remaining notional value of approximately $31.9 million U.S. dollars, expired on December 31, 2008. Our third swap agreement is denominated in U.S. dollars, has a notional value of $100 million, effectively fixes our interest rate at 6.78% and expires in December 2010. During the period when this swap agreement is effective, a 1% change in interest rates would result in a change in interest expense of approximately $1.0 million per year. Upon the expiration of the interest rate swap agreement in December 2010, a 1% change in interest rates would result in a change in interest expense of approximately $2.0 million per year.

 

At December 31, 2008, $36.5 million of our debt was denominated in Canadian dollars. We expect that our foreign denominated debt will be serviced through our local operations.

 

During 2008, approximately 39% of our revenues were from clients located outside the United States. A portion of the revenues from clients located outside the United States is denominated in foreign currencies, the majority being the Canadian dollar. Revenues and expenses of our foreign operations are denominated in their respective local currencies. We continue to monitor our exposure to foreign exchange rates as a result of our foreign currency denominated debt, our acquisitions and changes in our operations.

The foregoing risk management discussion and the effect thereof are forward-looking statements. Actual results in the future may differ materially from these projected results due to actual developments in global financial markets. The analytical methods used by us to assess and minimize risk discussed above should not be considered projections of future events or losses.

 

 

Information required by this item is contained in our consolidated financial statements, related footnotes and the report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, which information follows the signature page to this annual report and is incorporated herein by reference.

 

 

None.

 

 

Disclosure Controls and Procedures

 

Our management, with the participation of our chief executive officer and chief financial officer, evaluated the effectiveness of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2008. The term “disclosure controls and procedures,” as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, means controls and other procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported, within the time periods specified in the rules and forms of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Disclosure controls and procedures include, without limitation, controls and procedures designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is accumulated and communicated to the company’s management, including its principal executive and principal financial officers, as appropriate to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. Management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving their objectives, and management necessarily applies its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of December 31, 2008, our chief executive officer and chief financial officer concluded that, as of such date, our disclosure controls and procedures were effective at the reasonable assurance level.

 

Management Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting for the company. Internal control over financial reporting is defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 as a process designed by, or under the supervision of, our principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by our board of directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles and includes those policies and procedures that:

 

 

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

 

Our management assessed the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008. In making this assessment, our management used the criteria set forth by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO) in Internal Control-Integrated Framework.

 

Based on our assessment, management concluded that, as of December 31, 2008, our internal control over financial reporting is effective based on those criteria.

 

On October 1, 2008, we acquired Micro Design Services, LLC (MDS), which represented total revenues of $2.0 million in our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2008. Our assessment of internal control over financial reporting does not include an assessment of the internal control over financial reporting of MDS.

 

This annual report does not include an attestation report of our registered public accounting firm regarding internal control over financial reporting. Our internal control over financial reporting was not subject to attestation by our registered public accounting firm pursuant to temporary rules of the Securities and Exchange Commission that permit us to provide only management’s report in this annual report.

 

This management report shall not be deemed to be filed for purposes of Section 18 of the Exchange Act or otherwise subject to the liabilities of that section unless we specifically state that this report is to be considered “filed” under the Exchange Act or incorporate it by reference into a filing under the Securities Act of 1933 or the Exchange Act.

 

Changes in Internal Control Over Financial Reporting

 

There have not been any changes in our internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act) that occurred during the quarter ended December 31, 2008, that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

 

 

None.

 

 

The following table sets forth information regarding our executive officers and directors as of the date of this report.

 

 

Our executive officers and directors are briefly described below:

 

William C. Stone founded SS&C in 1986 and has served as Chairman of the Board of Directors and Chief Executive Officer since our inception. He also has served as our President from inception through April 1997 and again from March 1999 until October 2004. Prior to founding SS&C, Mr. Stone directed the financial services consulting practice of KPMG LLP, an accounting firm, in Hartford, Connecticut and was Vice President of Administration and Special Investment Services at Advest, Inc., a financial services company.

 

Normand A. Boulanger has served as our President and Chief Operating Officer since October 2004. Prior to that, Mr. Boulanger served as our Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer from October 2001 to October 2004, Senior Vice President, SS&C Direct from March 2000 to September 2001, Vice President, SS&C Direct from April 1999 to February 2000, Vice President of Professional Services for the Americas, from July 1996 to April 1999, and Director of Consulting from March 1994 to July 1996. Prior to joining SS&C, Mr. Boulanger served as Manager of Investment Accounting for The Travelers from September 1986 to March 1994. Mr. Boulanger was elected as one of our directors in February 2006.

 

Patrick J. Pedonti has served as our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer since August 2002. Prior to that, Mr. Pedonti served as our Vice President and Treasurer from May 1999 to August 2002. Prior to joining SS&C, Mr. Pedonti served as Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for Accent Color Sciences, Inc., a company specializing in high-speed color printing, from January 1997 to May 1999.

 

Stephen V. R. Whitman has served as our Senior Vice President, General Counsel and Secretary since June 2002. Prior to joining SS&C, Mr. Whitman served as an attorney for PA Consulting Group, an international management consulting company headquartered in the United Kingdom, from November 2000 to December 2001. Prior to that, Mr. Whitman served as Senior Vice President and General Counsel of Hagler Bailly, Inc., a publicly traded international consulting company to the energy and network industries, from October 1998 to October 2000 and as Vice President and General Counsel from July 1997 to October 1998.

 

Campbell (Cam) R. Dyer was elected as one of our directors in May 2008. He currently serves as a Principal in the Technology Buyout Group of The Carlyle Group, which he joined in 2002. Prior to joining Carlyle, Mr. Dyer was an associate with the private equity firm William Blair Capital Partners (now Chicago Growth Partners), a consultant with Bain & Company, and an investment banking analyst in the M&A Group of Bowles Hollowell Conner & Company. He also serves on the board of directors of Open Solutions Inc.

 

William A. Etherington was elected as one of our directors in May 2006. Mr. Etherington retired -after a 38-year career — from IBM in September 2001 as Senior Vice President and Group Executive, Sales and Distribution and a member of the Operations Committee and the Worldwide Management Council. As a corporate director, he also serves on the boards of directors of Celestica Inc., MDS Inc. and Onex Corporation, and is the retired non-executive Chairman of the Board of the Canadian Imperial Bank of Commerce (CIBC).

Allan M. Holt was elected as one of our directors in February 2006. He currently serves as a Managing Director and Co-head of the U.S. Buyout Group of The Carlyle Group, which he joined in 1991. He previously was head of Carlyle’s Global Aerospace, Defense, Technology and Business/Government Services group. Prior to joining Carlyle, Mr. Holt spent three and a half years with Avenir Group, Inc., an investment and advisory group. From 1984 to 1987, Mr. Holt was Director of Planning and Budgets at MCI Communications Corporation. He also serves on the boards of directors of Fairchild Imaging, Inc., HD Supply, Inc., Sequa Corp. and Vought Aircraft Industries, Inc.

 

Claudius (Bud) E. Watts IV was elected as one of our directors in November 2005. He currently serves as a Managing Director and Head of the Technology Buyout Group of The Carlyle Group, which he joined in 2000. Prior to joining Carlyle in 2000, Mr. Watts was a Managing Director in the M&A group of First Union Securities, Inc. He joined First Union Securities when First Union acquired Bowles Hollowell Conner & Co., where Mr. Watts was a principal. He also serves on the boards of directors of CPU Technology, Freescale Semiconductor and Open Solutions Inc.

 

Committees of our Board of Directors

 

Our board of directors directs the management of our business and affairs, as provided by Delaware law, and conducts its business through meetings of the board of directors and two standing committees: the audit committee, which is currently composed of Messrs. Etherington, Dyer and Watts, and the compensation committee, which is currently composed of Messrs. Etherington, Holt and Watts. In addition, from time to time, special committees may be established under the direction of the board of directors when necessary to address specific issues.

 

Each of the current members of our audit committee has been formally designated as an “audit committee financial expert” as that term is defined under the rules and regulations of the SEC. Our board of directors is comfortable with the present composition of the audit committee and believes that the members of the audit committee are fully qualified to address any issue that is likely to come before it, including the evaluation of our financial statements and supervision of our independent registered public accounting firm.

 

Code of Business Conduct and Ethics

 

SS&C Holdings has adopted a written code of ethics, referred to as the SS&C Holdings Code of Business Conduct and Ethics, which is applicable to all our directors, officers and employees and includes provisions relating to accounting and financial matters. The SS&C Holdings Code of Business Conduct and Ethics is available on our website at www.ssctech.com. If SS&C Holdings makes any substantive amendments to, or grant any waivers from, the code of ethics for any director or officer, we will disclose the nature of such amendment or waiver on our website or in a current report on Form 8-K.

 

 

Compensation Discussion and Analysis

 

On November 23, 2005, SS&C Holdings acquired SS&C through a merger transaction. As discussed below, various aspects of our executive officer compensation were negotiated and determined in connection with the Transaction.

 

Our executive compensation program is overseen and administered by our compensation committee, which currently consists of Messrs. Etherington, Holt and Watts. Our compensation committee operates under a written charter adopted by our board of directors and discharges the responsibilities of the board relating to the compensation of our executive officers. Our chief executive officer is actively involved in setting executive compensation and typically presents salary, bonus and equity compensation recommendations to the compensation committee, which, in turn, considers the recommendations and has ultimate approval authority. As a technical matter, all equity compensation awarded to our executive officers is SS&C Holdings equity and must be approved by the compensation committee of SS&C Holdings. As a practical matter, the members of the compensation committees of SS&C Holdings and SS&C are identical, and the meetings are generally held on a concurrent basis. For purposes of this compensation discussion and analysis, references to the compensation committee are to the

compensation committee of SS&C, with the understanding that formal approval of equity compensation resides with the SS&C Holdings compensation committee.

 

Objectives of Our Executive Compensation Program

 

The primary objectives of the compensation committee with respect to executive compensation are to:

 

 

To achieve these objectives, the compensation committee evaluates our executive compensation program with the goal of setting compensation at levels the committee believes are competitive with those of other companies in our industry and in our region that compete with us for executive talent. We have not, however, retained a compensation consultant to review our policies and procedures relating to executive compensation, and we have not formally benchmarked our compensation against that of other companies. Our compensation program rewards our executive officers based on a number of factors, including the company’s operating results, the company’s performance against budget, individual performance, prior-period compensation and prospects for individual growth. Changes in compensation are generally incremental in nature without wide variations from year to year but with a general trend that has matched increasing compensation with the growth of our business. The factors that affect compensation are subjective in nature and not tied to peer group analyses, surveys of compensation consultants or other statistical criteria. Each year our chief executive officer makes recommendations to the compensation committee regarding compensation packages, including his own. In making these recommendations, our chief executive officer attempts to structure a compensation package based on years of experience in the financial services and software industries and knowledge of what keeps people motivated and committed to the institution. He prepares a written description for the members of the compensation committee of the performance during the year of each executive officer, including himself, discussing both positive and negative aspects of performance and recommending salary and bonus amounts for each officer. As it relates to the compensation of executives other than our chief executive officer, our compensation committee relies heavily on our chief executive officer’s recommendations and discusses his reviews and recommendations with him as part of its deliberations. As it relates to our chief executive officer’s compensation, the compensation committee considers our chief executive officer’s recommendations. In this as in other compensation matters, the compensation committee exercises its independent judgment. After due consideration, the compensation committee accepted the chief executive officer’s recommendations for 2008 executive officer compensation.

 

Components of our Executive Compensation Program

 

The primary elements of our executive compensation program are:

 

 

We have no formal or informal policy or target for allocating compensation between long-term and short-term compensation, between cash and non-cash compensation or among the different forms of non-cash compensation. Instead, the compensation committee, in consultation with and upon the recommendation of our chief executive officer, determines subjectively what it believes to be the appropriate level and mix of the various compensation components. While we identify below particular compensation objectives that each element of executive compensation serves, we believe that each element of compensation, to a greater or lesser extent, serves each of the objectives of our executive compensation program.

Base Salary

 

Base salary is used to recognize the experience, skills, knowledge and responsibilities required of all our employees, including our executives. When establishing base salaries for 2008, the compensation committee, together with our chief executive officer, considered a variety of factors, including the seniority of the individual, the level of the individual’s responsibility, the ability to replace the individual, the individual’s tenure at the company, relative pay among the executive officers and the dollar amount that would be necessary to keep the executive in the Windsor, Connecticut area. Generally, we believe that executive base salaries should grow incrementally over time and that more of the “up side” of compensation should rest with cash bonuses and long-term equity incentive compensation. In the case of Mr. Stone, the minimum base salary is mandated by his employment agreement negotiated in connection with the Transaction and cannot be less than $500,000 per year.

 

Base salaries are reviewed at least annually by our compensation committee, and are adjusted from time to time to realign salaries with market levels after taking into account company performance and individual responsibilities, performance and experience. In March 2008, the compensation committee, upon Mr. Stone’s recommendation, set the following base salaries for our executive officers in 2008: Mr. Stone, $750,000; Mr. Boulanger, $450,000; Mr. Pedonti, $260,000; and Mr. Whitman, $225,000.

 

Discretionary Annual Cash Bonus

 

Annual cash bonuses to executive officers and other employees are discretionary. Annual cash bonuses are generally provided to employees regardless of whether we meet, exceed or fail to meet our budgeted results, but the amount available for bonuses to all employees, including the executive officers, will depend upon our financial results. The annual cash bonuses are intended to compensate for strategic, operational and financial successes of the company as a whole, as well as individual performance and growth potential. The annual cash bonuses are discretionary and not tied to the achievement of specific results or pre-established financial metrics or performance goals. No formula exists for determining the amount of bonuses for employees or executive officers.

 

Our chief executive officer proposed 2008 executive bonus allocations, including his own proposed bonus, to the compensation committee in February 2009. The compensation committee, which has ultimate approval authority, considered our chief executive officer’s recommendations and made a final decision with respect to 2008 bonuses. In making recommendations to the compensation committee about bonuses for executive officers, our chief executive officer, after taking into account the positive or negative impact of events outside the control of management or an individual executive, made a subjective judgment of an individual’s performance, in the context of a number of factors, including our financial performance, revenues and financial position going into the new fiscal year. In making his recommendations for 2008 bonuses, Mr. Stone considered, among other things, an executive’s (including his own) work in managing the business, establishing internal controls, mentoring staff, integrating acquisitions, reducing costs, responding to market conditions and maintaining our profitability. Mr. Stone is entitled to a minimum annual bonus of at least $450,000 pursuant to his employment agreement. Mr. Stone’s $1,500,000 bonus for 2008 was recommended by Mr. Stone and approved, after due consideration, by the compensation committee. The committee’s approval of Mr. Stone’s bonus took into account the outstanding revenue growth and profitability of SS&C during the first three quarters of 2008, the acquisition of MDS at an excellent price and its successful integration into our business, management’s quick action to reduce costs when the market environment deteriorated and our exceptional profitability during a difficult market period.

 

The amount of money available for the employee bonus pool is determined by our chief executive officer after actual Consolidated EBITDA for the preceding fiscal year is determined. In making this determination, the chief executive officer takes into account a number of factors, including: actual Consolidated EBITDA, growth in Consolidated EBITDA over the preceding year, minimum Consolidated EBITDA required to ensure debt covenant compliance, our short-term cash needs, the recent employee turnover rate and any improvement or deterioration in our strategic market position. Thereafter, the amount available for the bonuses to executive officers is determined after considering the amount that would be required from the bonus pool for bonuses to non-executive officer employees.

Stock Option Awards

 

In August 2006, the board of directors and stockholders of SS&C Holdings adopted the 2006 equity incentive plan, which provides for the grant of options to purchase shares of SS&C Holdings common stock to employees, consultants and directors and provides for the sale of SS&C Holdings common stock to employees, consultants and directors. A maximum of 1,314,567 shares of SS&C Holdings common stock are reserved for issuance under the plan. Options may be incentive stock options that qualify under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or nonqualified options. Options granted under the plan may not be exercised more than ten years after the date of grant. Shares acquired by any individuals pursuant to the plan will be subject to the terms and conditions of a stockholders agreement that governs the transferability of the shares. The SS&C Holdings board of directors did not award any options to executive officers in 2008 because it had made substantial option awards in 2006, as described below.

 

During August 2006, SS&C Holdings awarded our executive officers long-term incentive compensation in the form of option grants to purchase an aggregate of 412,646 shares of SS&C Holdings common stock. The SS&C Holdings board of directors awarded the following types of options to our executive officers:

 

 

The exercise price per share for the options awarded in August 2006 is $74.50, which is the split-adjusted value of the SS&C Holdings common stock at the time of the consummation of the Transaction. As there is no trading market for SS&C Holdings common stock, the SS&C Holdings board of directors determined in good faith that the valuation of the consolidated SS&C Holdings enterprise at the time of the Transaction continued to represent the fair market value of the common stock as of August 2006. The SS&C Holdings board of directors determined the number of options to be awarded to our executive officers based on projected ownership percentages of SS&C Holdings common stock that were disclosed in connection with the Transaction. At that time, we disclosed that Mr. Stone was entitled to options for 2% of the fully diluted SS&C Holdings shares, per his employment agreement, and that we would award options representing an aggregate of 2.9% of the fully diluted shares to our other executive officers.

We believe that the combination of time-based and performance-based options provides incentives to our executive officers not only to remain with the company but also to help grow the company and improve profitability. The 2006 EBITDA range contained in the performance-based options was not met, and thus none of the performance-based options had vested as of December 31, 2006. On April 18, 2007, the SS&C Holdings board of directors approved (1) the vesting, as of April 18, 2007, of 50% of the performance-based options granted to our employees for fiscal year 2006 set forth in the employees’ stock option agreements; (2) the vesting, conditioned upon achieving 2007 EBITDA within the EBITDA range for fiscal year 2007 set forth in the employees’ stock option agreements, of the other 50% of the 2006 tranche of the performance-based options; and (3) the reduction by approximately 10% of our EBITDA range for fiscal year 2007 set forth in the employees’ stock option agreements. The SS&C Holdings board of directors decided that a partial acceleration of the 2006 performance-based options and a reduction in the 2007 EBITDA range were appropriate because (1) we had improved revenues, recurring revenues and EBITDA in 2006 as compared to 2005; (2) work done in 2006 had created significant positive momentum in the business going into 2007; and (3) given the competitive labor environment in financial services and in software-enabled services, the board desired to ensure high rates of employee retention as we pursued our plan for growth.

 

Our 2007 EBITDA fell within the EBITDA range for fiscal year 2007. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2007, 86.74% of the remaining 50% of the 2006 tranche and of the 2007 tranche of performance options vested. In March 2008, the SS&C Holdings board approved (1) the vesting, conditioned upon our EBITDA for 2008 falling within the targeted range, of the 2006 and 2007 performance-based options that did not otherwise vest during 2007, and (2) the reduction of our annual EBITDA target range for 2008. Our 2008 EBITDA fell within the EBITDA range for fiscal year 2008. Accordingly, as of December 31, 2008, 96.294% of the remaining 2006 and 2007 tranches and of the 2008 tranche of performance options vested. In recognition of our performance in a difficult market period, in February 2009, the SS&C Holdings board approved the vesting of the 2006, 2007 and 2008 performance-based options that did not otherwise vest during 2008. The SS&C Holdings board of directors has established the 2009 EBITDA range, and we believe that 2009 EBITDA will fall within that range.

 

Perquisites

 

We offer a variety of benefit programs to all eligible employees, including our executive officers. Our executive officers generally are eligible for the same benefits on the same basis as the rest of our employees, including medical, dental and vision benefits, life insurance coverage and short- and long-term disability coverage. Our executive officers are also eligible to contribute to our 401(k) plan and receive matching company contributions under the plan. In addition, our executive officers are entitled to reimbursement for all reasonable travel and other expenses incurred during the performance of the executive officer’s duties in accordance with our expense reimbursement policy.

 

We limit the use of perquisites as a method of compensation and provide our executive officers with only those perquisites that we believe are reasonable and consistent with our overall compensation program to better enable us to attract and retain talented employees for key positions.

 

Severance and Change-of-Control Benefits

 

Pursuant to his employment agreement, Mr. Stone is entitled to specified benefits in the event of the termination of his employment under certain circumstances. Mr. Stone’s severance benefits were negotiated with representatives of The Carlyle Group in connection with the Transaction. We provide more detailed information about Mr. Stone’s benefits along with estimates of their value under various circumstances, under the captions “Employment and Related Agreements” and “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change of Control” below.

 

As described above, the time-based options awarded to our executive officers vest in full immediately prior to the effective date of a liquidity event, and the performance-based and superior options vest in whole or in part if proceeds from the liquidity event equal or exceed specified returns on investments in SS&C Holdings made by our principal stockholders. The option agreements, the terms of which were negotiated with representatives of The Carlyle Group, define a “liquidity event” as either

(a) the consummation of the sale, transfer, conveyance or other disposition in one or a series of related transactions, of the equity securities of SS&C Holdings held, directly or indirectly, by all of our principal stockholders in exchange for currency, such that immediately following such transaction (or series of related transactions), the total number of all equity securities held, directly or indirectly, by all of the principal stockholders and any affiliates is, in the aggregate, less than 50% of the total number of equity securities (as adjusted) held, directly or indirectly, by all of the principal stockholders as of November 23, 2005; or

 

(b) the consummation of the sale, lease, transfer, conveyance or other disposition (other than by way of merger or consolidation), in one or a series of related transactions, of all or substantially all of the assets of SS&C Holdings to any person other than to any of the principal stockholders or their affiliates.

 

In addition, under the terms of the 2006 Equity Incentive Plan, either the SS&C Holdings board or SS&C Holdings compensation committee can accelerate in whole or in part the vesting periods for outstanding options. Please see “Potential Payments Upon Termination or Change of Control” below for estimates of the value our executive officers would receive in the event of a liquidity event.

 

Accounting and Tax Implications

 

The accounting and tax treatment of particular forms of compensation do not materially affect our compensation decisions. However, we evaluate the effect of such accounting and tax treatment on an ongoing basis and will make appropriate modifications to compensation policies where appropriate. For instance, Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue Code generally disallows a tax deduction to public companies for certain compensation in excess of $1 million paid in any taxable year to the company’s chief executive officer and any other officers whose compensation is required to be reported to our stockholders pursuant to the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 by reason of being among the four most highly paid executive officers. However, certain compensation, including qualified performance-based compensation, will not be subject to the deduction limit if certain requirements are met. The compensation committee may review the potential effect of Section 162(m) periodically and use its judgment to authorize compensation payments that may be subject to the limit when the compensation committee believes such payments are appropriate and in our best interests after taking into consideration changing business conditions and the performance of our employees.

 

Compensation Committee Report

 

The compensation committee has reviewed and discussed with management the Compensation Discussion and Analysis. Based upon this review and our discussions, the compensation committee recommended to SS&C’s board of directors that the Compensation Discussion and Analysis be included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

     By the compensation committee of the board of directors

 

William A. Etherington
Allan M. Holt
Claudius (Bud) E. Watts IV

 

Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation

 

Messrs. Etherington, Holt and Watts served on our compensation committee during 2008. No member of the compensation committee is or has been a former or current officer or employee of SS&C or had any related person transaction involving SS&C. None of our executive officers served as a director or a member of a compensation committee (or other committee serving an equivalent function) of any other entity, one of whose executive officers served as a director or member of our compensation committee during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.

 

Summary Compensation Table

 

The following table contains information with respect to the compensation for the fiscal years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006 of our executive officers, including our chief executive officer (principal executive officer) and chief financial officer (principal financial officer). We refer to these four executive officers, who are our only executive officers, as our named executive officers.

 

 

 

 

Employment and Related Agreements

 

Effective as of November 23, 2005, SS&C Holdings entered into a definitive employment agreement with Mr. Stone. The terms of the agreement, which were negotiated between Mr. Stone and representatives of The Carlyle Group in connection with the Transaction, include the following:

 

 

 

“Cause” means (a) Mr. Stone’s willful and continuing failure (except where due to physical or mental incapacity) to substantially perform his duties; (b) Mr. Stone’s conviction of, or plea of guilty or nolo contendere to, a felony; (c) the commission by Mr. Stone of an act of fraud or embezzlement against SS&C Holdings or any of its subsidiaries as determined in good faith by a two-thirds majority of SS&C Holdings’ board; or (d) Mr. Stone’s breach of any material provision of his employment agreement.

 

“Good reason” means the occurrence of any of the following events without Mr. Stone’s written consent: (a) an adverse change in Mr. Stone’s title; (b) a material diminution in Mr. Stone’s employment duties, responsibilities or authority, or the assignment to Mr. Stone of duties that are materially inconsistent with his position; (c) any reduction in Mr. Stone’s base salary or target annual bonus; (d) a relocation of our principal executive offices to a location more than 35 miles from its current location which has the effect of increasing Mr. Stone’s commute; (e) any breach by SS&C Holdings of any material provision of Mr. Stone’s employment agreement or the stockholders agreement entered into by and among SS&C Holdings, investment funds affiliated with Carlyle and Mr. Stone; or (f) upon a change in control where (1) Carlyle exercises its bring-along rights in accordance with the stockholders agreement, and (2) Mr. Stone votes against the proposed transaction in his capacity as a stockholder.

 

Under Mr. Stone’s employment agreement, a “change of control” means:

 

(a) the acquisition by any individual, entity or group (within the meaning of Section 13(d)(3) or 14(d)(2) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) of beneficial ownership (within the meaning of Rule 13d-3 promulgated under the Exchange Act) of 50% or more of either:

 

 

(b) individuals who, as of the effective date of Mr. Stone’s employment agreement, constituted SS&C Holdings’ board of directors and any individuals subsequently elected to SS&C Holdings’ board of directors pursuant to the stockholders agreement cease for any reason to constitute at least a majority of SS&C Holdings’ board of directors, other than:

 

 

Other than Mr. Stone, none of our current executive officers is party to an employment agreement.

 

2008 Grants of Plan-Based Awards

 

We did not make any grants of plan-based awards to our named executive officers during 2008.

 

1998 Stock Incentive Plan

 

In 1998, our board of directors adopted, and our stockholders approved, the 1998 stock incentive plan, or 1998 plan, to provide equity compensation to our officers, directors, employees, consultants and advisors. In connection with the Transaction, all outstanding options to purchase our common stock under the 1998 plan became fully vested and exercisable immediately prior to the effectiveness of the Transaction. Each option that remained outstanding under the 1998 plan at the time of the Transaction (other than options held by (1) our non-employee directors, (2) certain individuals identified by us and SS&C Holdings and (3) individuals who held options that were, in the aggregate, exercisable for fewer than 100 shares of our common stock) was assumed by SS&C Holdings and was automatically converted into an option to purchase shares of common stock of SS&C Holdings. The options that were not assumed or otherwise exercised immediately prior to the Transaction were cashed out in connection with the Transaction. Since the Transaction, we have granted no further options or other awards under the 1998 plan. On May 17, 2006, SS&C Holdings’ board of directors adopted, and its stockholders approved, the amendment and restatement of the 1998 plan, which reflects, among other things, the formal assumption of the 1998 plan by SS&C Holdings. As of December 31, 2008, there were outstanding options under the 1998 plan to purchase a total of 409,337 shares of SS&C Holdings common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $13.45 per share.

 

1999 Non-Officer Employee Stock Incentive Plan

 

In 1999, our board of directors adopted the 1999 non-officer employee stock incentive plan, or 1999 plan, to provide equity compensation to our employees, consultants and advisors other than our executive officers and directors. In connection with the Transaction, all outstanding options to purchase our common stock under the 1999 plan became fully vested and exercisable immediately prior to the effectiveness of the Transaction. Each option that remained outstanding under the 1999 plan at the time of the Transaction (other than options held by (1) certain individuals identified by us and SS&C Holdings and (2) individuals who held options that were, in the aggregate, exercisable for fewer than 100 shares of our common stock) was assumed by SS&C Holdings and was automatically converted into an option to purchase shares of common stock of SS&C Holdings. The options that were not assumed or otherwise exercised immediately prior to the Transaction were cashed out in connection with the Transaction. Since the Transaction, we have granted no further options or other awards under the 1999 plan. On May 17, 2006, SS&C Holdings’ board of directors adopted, and its stockholders approved, the amendment and restatement of the 1999 plan, which reflects, among other things, the formal assumption of the 1999 plan by SS&C Holdings. As of December 31, 2008, there were outstanding options under the 1999 plan to purchase a total of 60,875 shares of our common stock at a weighted average exercise price of $34.29 per share.

2006 Equity Incentive Plan

 

In August 2006, SS&C Holdings’ board of directors adopted, and its stockholders approved, the 2006 equity incentive plan. The 2006 equity incentive plan provides for the granting of options, restricted stock and other stock-based awards to our employees, consultants and directors and our subsidiaries’ employees, consultants and directors. A maximum of 1,314,567 shares of SS&C Holdings common stock are reserved for issuance under the 2006 equity incentive plan, and the unexercised portion of any shares of common stock subject to awards that is forfeited, repurchased, expires or lapses under the 2006 equity incentive plan will again become available for the grant of awards under the 2006 equity incentive plan except for vested shares of common stock that are forfeited or repurchased after being issued from the 2006 equity incentive plan.

 

As of December 31, 2008, options to purchase a total of 1,042,981 shares of common stock were outstanding under the 2006 equity incentive plan at a weighted average exercise price of $74.91 per share. As of December 31, 2008, SS&C Holdings had issued 8,900 shares of common stock under the 2006 equity incentive plan, and 236,737 shares remained available for future awards under the plan. We may adjust the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2006 equity incentive plan in the event of our reorganization, merger, consolidation, recapitalization, reclassification, stock dividend, stock split or similar event.

 

SS&C Holdings’ board of directors or a committee appointed by its board of directors administers the 2006 equity incentive plan. The administrator is authorized to take any action with respect to the 2006 equity incentive plan, including:

 

 

SS&C Holdings grants stock options under the 2006 equity incentive plan pursuant to a stock grant notice and stock option agreement, which we refer to as the option agreement. Options may be incentive stock options that qualify under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or nonqualified options. Options granted under the 2006 equity incentive plan may not be exercised more than ten years after the date of grant. The option agreement provides, among other things, that:

 

 

 

 

 

 

Restricted stock awards may also be granted under the 2006 equity incentive plan and are evidenced by a stock award agreement. Upon termination of a participant’s employment or service, shares of restricted stock that are not vested at such time will be forfeited to SS&C Holdings. The 2006 equity incentive plan also gives the administrator discretion to grant stock awards free of restrictions on transfer or forfeiture.

 

If a change in control of our company occurs, the administrator may, in its sole discretion, cause any and all awards outstanding under the 2006 equity incentive plan to terminate on or immediately prior to the date of such change in control and will give each participant the right to exercise the vested portion of such awards during a period of time prior to such change in control. The 2006 equity incentive plan will terminate on August 8, 2016, unless the administrator terminates it sooner. Please see “Compensation Discussion and Analysis — Components of our Executive Compensation Program — Stock Option Awards” for additional information relating to the 2006 equity incentive plan and awards thereunder.

 

2008 Stock Incentive Plan

 

In April 2008, the SS&C Holdings board of directors adopted, and its stockholders approved, the 2008 stock incentive plan. In July 2008, the SS&C Holdings board of directors voted that the 2008 stock incentive plan would become effective after stockholder approval rather than upon the effectiveness of SS&C Holdings’ proposed public offering. On July 30, 2008, the SS&C Holdings stockholders approved the 2008 stock incentive plan, effective as of the date of approval. The 2008 stock incentive plan provides for the granting of options, stock appreciation rights, restricted stock, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards to our employees, officers, directors, consultants and advisors, and our subsidiaries’ employees, officers, directors, consultants and advisors. To date, no options or other awards have been granted under the 2008 stock incentive plan.

 

The number of shares of SS&C Holdings common stock reserved for issuance under the 2008 stock incentive plan is equal to the sum of:

 

(1) 166,666 shares of SS&C Holdings common stock; plus

 

(2) an annual increase to be added on the first day of each of our fiscal years during the term of the 2008 stock incentive plan beginning in fiscal 2009 equal to the least of (i) 166,666 shares of SS&C Holdings common stock, (ii) 2% of the outstanding shares on such date or (iii) an amount determined by the SS&C Holdings board of directors. As of January 2009, there were 308,666 shares reserved for issuance under the 2008 stock incentive plan.

 

Furthermore, if any award expires or is terminated, surrendered or canceled without having been fully exercised, is forfeited in whole or in part (including as the result of shares subject to such award being repurchased pursuant to a contractual repurchase right), is settled in cash or otherwise results in any common stock not being issued, the unused common stock covered by such award shall again be available for the grant of awards under the 2008 stock incentive plan. In addition, shares of common stock tendered to SS&C Holdings by a participant in order to exercise an award shall be added to the number of shares of common stock available for the grant of awards under the 2008 stock incentive plan. However, in the case of incentive stock options, the foregoing provisions shall be subject to any limitations under the Internal Revenue Code of 1986. The maximum number of shares of common

stock with respect to which awards may be granted to any participant under the 2008 stock incentive plan is 66,666 per calendar year.

 

Shares issued under the 2008 stock incentive plan may consist in whole or in part of authorized but unissued shares or treasury shares. SS&C Holdings will adjust the number of shares reserved for issuance under the 2008 stock incentive plan in the event of any stock split, reverse stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, combination of shares, reclassification of shares, spin-off or other similar change in capitalization or event.

 

The SS&C Holdings board of directors or a committee thereof administers the 2008 stock incentive plan. The administrator is authorized to take any action with respect to the 2008 stock incentive plan, including:

 

 

SS&C Holdings can grant stock options under the 2008 stock incentive plan pursuant to a stock option grant notice and stock option agreement, which we refer to as the option agreement. Options may be incentive stock options that qualify under Section 422 of the Internal Revenue Code of 1986, or nonstatutory options. Options granted under the 2008 stock incentive plan may not be exercised more than ten years after the date of grant. The option agreement provides, among other things, that:

 

 

 

Stock appreciation rights, restricted stock awards, restricted stock units and other stock-based awards may also be granted under the 2008 stock incentive plan. The 2008 stock incentive plan gives the SS&C Holdings board the ability to determine the terms and conditions for each of these types of awards, including the duration and exercise price of stock appreciation rights, and the conditions for vesting and repurchase (or forfeiture) and the issue price, if any, of restricted stock and restricted units.

If SS&C Holdings undergoes a significant corporate event such as a reorganization, merger, consolidation, liquidation, dissolution or sale, transfer, exchange or other disposition of all or substantially all of its stock or assets, exchange of securities, issuance of warrants or other rights to purchase securities, or the acquisition or disposition of any material assets or businesses, the 2008 stock incentive plan permits the SS&C Holdings board to take any one or more of the following actions as to all or any (or any portion of) outstanding awards (other than restricted stock awards) on such terms as the board determines:

 

 

The 2008 stock incentive plan does not obligate the SS&C Holdings board to treat all types of awards, all awards held by any participant, or all awards of the same type, identically.

 

Upon the occurrence of a corporate event of the type described above, other than a liquidation or dissolution, the 2008 stock incentive plan provides that SS&C Holdings’ repurchase and other rights under each outstanding restricted stock award will inure to the benefit of its successor and will, unless the SS&C Holdings board determines otherwise, apply to the cash, securities or other property which SS&C Holdings common stock was converted into or exchanged for pursuant to such corporate event in the same manner and to the same extent as it applied to the common stock subject to such restricted stock award. In the event of the liquidation or dissolution of SS&C Holdings, all restrictions and conditions on all restricted stock awards then outstanding will automatically be deemed terminated or satisfied, except as otherwise provided in the restricted stock award agreement or other related agreement.

 

The SS&C Holdings board may, without stockholder approval, amend any outstanding award granted under the 2008 stock incentive plan to provide an exercise price per share that is lower than the then-current exercise price per share of any such outstanding award. The SS&C Holdings board may also, without stockholder approval, cancel any outstanding award (whether or not granted under the 2008 stock incentive plan) and grant in substitution therefor new awards under the 2008 stock incentive plan covering the same or a different number of shares of common stock and having an exercise price per share lower than the then-current exercise price per share of the cancelled award.

 

The 2008 stock incentive plan will terminate ten years following board adoption, unless the SS&C Holdings board terminates it sooner.

2008 Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End

 

The following table sets forth information concerning stock options for SS&C Holdings common stock held by each of our named executive officers as of December 31, 2008.