e10vq
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q
(Mark One)
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þ |
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QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2007
or
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o |
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to .
Commission file number: 000-50577
Dynavax Technologies Corporation
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
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Delaware
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33-0728374 |
(State or other jurisdiction of
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(IRS Employer |
incorporation or organization)
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Identification No.) |
2929 Seventh Street, Suite 100
Berkeley, CA 94710-2753
(510) 848-5100
(Address, including Zip Code, and telephone number, including area code, of the registrants principal executive offices)
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes þ No o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated
filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated
filer in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer o Accelerated filer þ Non-accelerated filer o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of
the Act). Yes o No þ
As of October 31, 2007, the registrant had outstanding 39,764,520 shares of common stock.
INDEX
DYNAVAX TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q includes trademarks and registered trademarks of Dynavax
Technologies Corporation. Products or service names of other companies mentioned in this Quarterly
Report on Form 10-Q may be trademarks or registered trademarks of their respective owners.
2
FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This Quarterly report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of
Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
which are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. Our forward-looking statements include
discussions regarding our business and financing strategies, future research and development,
preclinical and clinical product development efforts, intellectual property rights and ability to
commercialize our product candidates, as well as the timing of the clinical development of our
products, uncertainty regarding our future operating results and prospects for profitability. Our
actual results may vary materially from those in such forward-looking statements as a result of
various factors that are identified in Item 1A Risk Factors and elsewhere in this document. All
forward-looking statements speak only as of the date of this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q. We
assume no obligation to update any forward-looking statements.
3
PART I. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
ITEM 1. CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
Dynavax Technologies Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets
(In thousands, except per share amounts)
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September 30, |
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December 31, |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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(unaudited) |
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(Note 1) |
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Assets |
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Current assets: |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
14,642 |
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$ |
14,154 |
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Marketable securities available-for-sale |
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21,279 |
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58,677 |
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Investments held by Symphony Dynamo, Inc. (SDI) |
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32,804 |
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13,363 |
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Restricted cash |
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408 |
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408 |
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Accounts receivable |
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574 |
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2,154 |
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Inventory |
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263 |
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257 |
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Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
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3,529 |
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673 |
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Total current assets |
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73,499 |
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89,686 |
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Property and equipment, net |
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6,380 |
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5,200 |
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Goodwill |
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2,312 |
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2,312 |
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Other intangible assets, net |
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3,627 |
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4,382 |
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Other assets |
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2,178 |
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1,310 |
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Total assets |
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$ |
87,996 |
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$ |
102,890 |
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Liabilities, noncontrolling interest and stockholders equity |
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Current liabilities: |
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Accounts payable |
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$ |
1,951 |
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$ |
2,181 |
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Accrued liabilities |
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11,075 |
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10,742 |
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Deferred revenues |
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781 |
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778 |
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Total current liabilities |
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13,807 |
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13,701 |
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Deferred revenues, noncurrent |
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10,000 |
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10,000 |
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Liability from Program Option exercised under the SDI collaboration |
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15,000 |
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Other long-term liabilities |
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3,627 |
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117 |
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Noncontrolling interest in SDI |
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10,342 |
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2,016 |
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Commitments and contingencies
Stockholders equity: |
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Stockholders equity: |
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Preferred stock: $0.001 par value; 5,000 shares authorized and
no shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2007 and
December 31, 2006 |
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Common stock: $0.001 par value; 100,000 shares authorized at
September 30, 2007 and December 31, 2006; 39,765 and 39,715
shares issued and outstanding at September 30, 2007 and
December 31, 2006,
respectively |
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40 |
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40 |
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Additional paid-in capital |
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250,770 |
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244,787 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive income: |
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Unrealized gain on marketable securities available-for-sale |
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23 |
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28 |
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Cumulative translation adjustment |
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225 |
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144 |
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Accumulated other comprehensive income |
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248 |
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172 |
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Accumulated deficit |
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(215,838 |
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(167,943 |
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Total stockholders equity |
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35,220 |
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77,056 |
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Total liabilities, noncontrolling interest and stockholders equity |
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$ |
87,996 |
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$ |
102,890 |
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See accompanying notes.
4
Dynavax Technologies Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Operations
(In thousands, except
per share amounts)
(Unaudited)
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Three Months Ended |
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Nine Months Ended |
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September 30, |
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September 30, |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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Revenues: |
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Collaboration revenue |
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$ |
719 |
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$ |
166 |
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$ |
2,218 |
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$ |
166 |
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Services and license revenue |
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162 |
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692 |
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732 |
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916 |
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Grant revenue |
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133 |
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734 |
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1,848 |
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1,327 |
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Total revenues |
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1,014 |
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1,592 |
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4,798 |
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2,409 |
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Operating expenses: |
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Research and development |
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14,909 |
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12,781 |
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47,705 |
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30,135 |
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General and administrative |
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5,029 |
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4,656 |
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13,414 |
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10,639 |
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Acquired in-process research and development |
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4,180 |
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Amortization of intangible assets |
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251 |
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251 |
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754 |
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447 |
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Total operating expenses |
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20,189 |
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17,688 |
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61,873 |
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45,401 |
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Loss from operations |
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(19,175 |
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(16,096 |
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(57,075 |
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(42,992 |
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Interest and other income, net |
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453 |
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673 |
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2,506 |
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2,093 |
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Loss including noncontrolling interest in Symphony Dynamo, Inc. |
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(18,722 |
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(15,423 |
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(54,569 |
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(40,899 |
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Amount attributed to noncontrolling interest in Symphony Dynamo, Inc. |
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1,621 |
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3,271 |
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6,674 |
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5,302 |
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Net loss |
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$ |
(17,101 |
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$ |
(12,152 |
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$ |
(47,895 |
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$ |
(35,597 |
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Basic and diluted net loss per share |
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$ |
(0.43 |
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$ |
(0.40 |
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$ |
(1.21 |
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$ |
(1.17 |
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Shares used to compute basic and diluted net loss per share |
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39,753 |
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30,605 |
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39,740 |
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30,551 |
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See accompanying notes.
5
Dynavax Technologies Corporation
Condensed Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
(In thousands)
(Unaudited)
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Nine Months Ended |
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September 30, |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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Operating activities |
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Net loss |
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$ |
(47,895 |
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$ |
(35,597 |
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Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash used in operating activities: |
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Depreciation and amortization |
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1,091 |
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797 |
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Amount attributed to noncontrolling interest in Symphony Dynamo, Inc. (SDI) |
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(6,674 |
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(5,302 |
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Acquired in-process research and development |
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4,180 |
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Amortization of intangible assets |
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755 |
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447 |
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Gain on disposal of property and equipment |
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(50 |
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Accretion and amortization on marketable securities |
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(1,578 |
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152 |
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Realized loss on sale of marketable securities |
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23 |
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Increase in interest payable |
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356 |
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Stock-based compensation expense |
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2,482 |
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2,366 |
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Changes in operating assets and liabilities: |
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Accounts receivable |
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1,580 |
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(707 |
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Prepaid expenses and other current assets |
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(1,740 |
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160 |
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Inventory |
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(6 |
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Other assets |
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1,365 |
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(507 |
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Accounts payable |
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(230 |
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1,933 |
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Accrued liabilities |
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30 |
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2,035 |
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Deferred revenues |
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3 |
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10,511 |
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Net cash used in operating activities |
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(50,461 |
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(19,559 |
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Investing activities |
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Change in investments held by SDI |
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(19,441 |
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(17,727 |
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Cash paid for acquisition, net of cash acquired |
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(14,045 |
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Purchases of marketable securities |
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(41,479 |
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(19,627 |
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Proceeds from sales of marketable securities |
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10,987 |
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Proceeds from maturities of marketable securities |
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80,450 |
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49,758 |
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Purchases disposal of property and equipment, net |
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(2,314 |
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(478 |
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Net cash provided by investing activities |
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17,216 |
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8,868 |
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Financing activities |
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Proceeds from purchase of noncontrolling interest by preferred shareholders in SDI, net of fees |
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30,000 |
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17,405 |
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Proceeds from Deerfield financing agreement |
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3,500 |
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Issuance cost associated with common stock offering |
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(19 |
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Proceeds from employee stock purchase plan |
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149 |
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114 |
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Proceeds from exercise of stock options |
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22 |
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311 |
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Net cash provided by financing activities |
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33,652 |
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17,830 |
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Effect of exchange rate on cash and cash equivalents |
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81 |
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87 |
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Net increase in cash and cash equivalents |
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488 |
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7,226 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period |
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14,154 |
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8,725 |
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Cash and cash equivalents at end of period |
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$ |
14,642 |
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$ |
15,951 |
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Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activities |
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Disposal of fully depreciated property and equipment |
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$ |
26 |
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$ |
255 |
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Warrants issued in conjunction with Deerfield financing agreement |
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$ |
3,349 |
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$ |
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Warrants issued in conjunction with SDI transaction |
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$ |
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$ |
5,646 |
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Liability from Program Option exercised under the SDI collaboration |
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$ |
15,000 |
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$ |
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See accompanying notes.
6
Dynavax Technologies Corporation
Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements
(Unaudited)
1. Organization and Summary of Significant Accounting Policies
Dynavax Technologies Corporation is a biopharmaceutical company that discovers, develops and
intends to commercialize innovative Toll-like Receptor 9, or TLR9, agonist-based products to treat
and prevent infectious diseases, allergies, cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases using
versatile, proprietary approaches that alter immune system responses in highly specific ways. Our
TLR9 agonists are based on immunostimulatory sequences, or ISS, which are short DNA sequences that
enhance the ability of the immune system to fight disease and control chronic inflammation.
Basis of Presentation
Our accompanying unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements have been prepared in
accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and
pursuant to the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. In our opinion, these
unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include all adjustments, consisting only of
normal recurring adjustments, which we consider necessary to fairly state our financial position
and the results of our operations and cash flows. Interim-period results are not necessarily
indicative of results of operations or cash flows for a full-year period or any other
interim-period. The condensed consolidated balance sheet at December 31, 2006 has been derived from
audited financial statements at that date, but does not include all disclosures required by U.S.
generally accepted accounting principles for complete financial statements.
These unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and the notes accompanying them
should be read in conjunction with our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31,
2006 as filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or SEC, on March 16, 2007.
The unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of Dynavax and
our wholly-owned subsidiaries as well as a variable interest entity, Symphony Dynamo, Inc., for
which we are the primary beneficiary as defined by Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB,
Interpretation No. 46 (revised 2003), Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, or FIN 46R.
All intercompany accounts and transactions have been eliminated. We operate in one business
segment, which is the discovery and development of biopharmaceutical products.
Use of Estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting
principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported
in the unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. Actual results
may differ from these estimates.
Significant Accounting Policies
We believe that there have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies
during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared with those disclosed in our Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2007, the FASB discussed Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 07-3,
Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to Be Used in Future Research
and Development Activities, which addressed the accounting for nonrefundable advance payments. The
EITF concluded that nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services to be received in the
future for use in research and development activities should be deferred and capitalized. The
capitalized amounts should be expensed as the related goods are delivered or the services
performed. If an entitys expectations change such that it does not expect it will need the goods
to be delivered or the services to be rendered, capitalized nonrefundable advance payment should be
charged to expense. Issue 07-3 is effective for new contracts entered into during fiscal years
beginning after December 15, 2007, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early
adoption of the provision of the consensus is not permitted. Accordingly, we must adopt Issue 07-3
in the first quarter of fiscal 2008 and we are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption
will have on our
consolidated results of operations and financial condition.
7
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159 (SFAS
159), The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which allows entities
to account for most financial instruments at fair value rather than under other applicable
generally accepted accounting principles such as historical cost. The accounting results in the
instrument being marked to fair value every reporting period with the gain/loss from a change in
fair value recorded in the income statement. SFAS 159 is effective as of the beginning of an
entitys first fiscal year that begins after November 15, 2007. Accordingly, we must adopt SFAS 157
in the first quarter of fiscal 2008 and we are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption
will have on our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, Fair Value Measurements. SFAS 157 provides
guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. It also responds to investors
requests for expanded information about the extent to which companies measure assets and
liabilities at fair value, the information used to measure fair value, and the effect of fair value
measurements on earnings. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years
beginning after November 15, 2007. Accordingly, we must adopt SFAS 157 in the first quarter of
fiscal 2008 and we are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption will have on our
consolidated results of operations and financial condition.
In July 2006, the FASB released Financial Interpretation No. 48 Accounting for Uncertainty in
Income Taxes (FIN 48). FIN 48 prescribes the minimum recognition threshold a tax position is
required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 also requires
additional disclosure of the beginning and ending unrecognized tax benefits and details regarding
the uncertainties that may cause the unrecognized benefits to increase or decrease within a twelve
month period.
We adopted the provisions of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007. There was no impact on our
consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows as a result of adoption. We
have no unrecognized tax benefit as of September 30, 2007, including no accrued amounts for
interest and penalties. Our policy will be to recognize interest and penalties related to income
taxes as a component of general and administrative expense. We are subject to income tax
examinations for U.S. incomes taxes and state income taxes from 1996 forward. We are subject to tax
examinations in Singapore and Germany from 2003 and 2004 forward, respectively. We do not
anticipate that total unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change prior to September 30,
2008.
2. Inventory
Inventories as of September 30, 2007 consist of the following (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
December 31, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Raw materials |
|
$ |
195 |
|
|
$ |
194 |
|
Finished goods |
|
|
68 |
|
|
|
63 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
263 |
|
|
$ |
257 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3. Intangible Assets
Intangible assets consist of manufacturing process, customer relationships, and developed
technology acquired in connection with the acquisition of Rhein Biotech GmbH, or Rhein or Dynavax
Europe, in April 2006. Purchased intangible assets other than goodwill are amortized on a
straight-line basis over their respective useful lives. The following table presents details of the
purchased intangible assets as of September 30, 2007 (in thousands, except years):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Original Estimated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Useful Life |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accumulated |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(in Years) |
|
|
Gross |
|
|
Amortization |
|
|
Net |
|
Manufacturing process |
|
5 |
|
|
$ |
3,670 |
|
|
$ |
1,060 |
|
|
$ |
2,610 |
|
Customer relationships |
|
5 |
|
|
|
1,230 |
|
|
|
355 |
|
|
|
875 |
|
Developed technology |
|
7 |
|
|
|
180 |
|
|
|
38 |
|
|
|
142 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
5.1 |
|
|
$ |
5,080 |
|
|
$ |
1,453 |
|
|
$ |
3,627 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8
The estimated future amortization expense of purchased intangible assets is as follows (in
thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
Year ending December 31, |
|
|
|
|
2007 (remaining three months) |
|
$ |
251 |
|
2008 |
|
|
1,006 |
|
2009 |
|
|
1,006 |
|
2010 |
|
|
1,005 |
|
2011 |
|
|
325 |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
34 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
3,627 |
|
|
|
|
|
4. Collaborative Research and Development Agreements
In September 2006, we entered into a research collaboration and license agreement with
AstraZeneca AB, or AstraZeneca, for the discovery and development of TLR9 agonist-based therapies
for the treatment of asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD. Under the terms of
the agreement, we are collaborating with AstraZeneca to identify lead TLR9 agonists and conduct
appropriate research phase studies. AstraZeneca is responsible for any development and worldwide
commercialization of products arising out of the research program. We received an upfront payment
of $10 million upon signing the agreement and are eligible to receive research funding, preclinical
milestones and future development milestones that in total could approximate $136 million. Upon
commercialization, we are also eligible to receive royalties based on product sales. Collaboration
revenue resulting from the performance of research services amounted to $0.7 million and $2.2
million for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2007, respectively. As of September 30,
2007, our deferred revenue was $10.5 million associated with the upfront fee and amounts billed in
advance for research services per the contract terms.
In 2003, we were awarded government grants totaling $8.3 million to fund research and
development. Certain of these grants have been extended through the first quarter of 2008. In
August 2007, we were awarded a two-year $3.25 million grant to continue development of a novel
universal influenza vaccine for controlling seasonal and emerging pandemic flu strains. Revenue
associated with these grants is recognized as the related expenses are incurred. For the nine
months ended September 30, 2007 and 2006, we recognized revenue of approximately $1.8 million and
$1.3 million, respectively.
5. Symphony Dynamo, Inc.
In April 2006, we entered into a series of related agreements with Symphony Capital Partners,
LP to advance specific Dynavax ISS-based programs for cancer, hepatitis B therapy and hepatitis C
therapy through certain stages of clinical development. Pursuant to the agreements, Symphony
Dynamo, Inc., or SDI, agreed to fund up to $50.0 million for the clinical development of these
programs and we licensed to SDI our intellectual property rights related to these programs. SDI is
a wholly-owned subsidiary of Symphony Dynamo Holdings LLC, or Holdings, which provided $20.0
million in funding to SDI at closing and $30.0 million in April 2007. We are primarily responsible
for the development of these programs.
Pursuant to the agreements, we issued to Holdings five-year warrants to purchase 2,000,000
shares of common stock at $7.32 per share, representing a 25% premium over the applicable 60-day
trading range average of $5.86 per share. The warrant exercise price is subject to reduction to
$5.86 per share under certain circumstances. The warrants may be exercised or surrendered for a
cash payment upon consummation of an all cash merger or acquisition of Dynavax, the obligation for
which would be settled by the surviving entity. The warrants issued upon closing were assigned a
value of $5.6 million using the Black-Scholes valuation model, and were recorded as a reduction in
the noncontrolling interest in SDI and an increase in additional paid in capital.
In consideration for the warrants, we received an exclusive purchase option, defined as the
Purchase Option, to acquire all of the programs through the purchase of all of the equity in SDI
during the five-year term at specified prices. The Purchase Option exercise price is payable in
cash or a combination of cash and shares of Dynavax common stock, at our sole discretion. We also
received an option to purchase either the hepatitis B or hepatitis C program, defined as the
Program Option. We exercised the Program Option in April 2007 for the hepatitis B program. The
exercise of the Program Option requires a payment obligation of $15 million to Holdings upon the
expiration of the SDI collaboration in 2011 if the Purchase Option for all programs is not
exercised at any time through the remaining term of the collaboration. The long-term liability for
the Program Option is payable in cash only and will be fully creditable against the exercise price
for any subsequent exercise of the Purchase Option. If we do not exercise our exclusive right to
purchase the remaining programs licensed under the agreement, the intellectual property rights to
those programs at the end of the development period will remain with SDI. The long-term liability
of $15.0 million was offset against the noncontrolling interest in SDI.
9
In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46 (revised 2003),
Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities, or FIN 46R, we have determined that SDI is a
variable interest entity for which we are the primary beneficiary. As a result, the financial
position and results of operations of SDI have been included in our consolidated financial
statements as of September 30, 2007 and for the period from April 18, 2006 through December 31,
2006. Accordingly, the investments held by SDI in the consolidated balance sheet include the $50.0
million of funding, less funds spent to date on the development of the programs. The noncontrolling
interest in SDI reflects $50.0 million of funding reduced by (i) the structuring fee and other
closing costs of $2.6 million, (ii) the value assigned to the warrants issued to Holdings upon
closing of $5.6 million, (iii) the Program Option obligation of $15.0 million, and (iv) SDIs
losses through September 30, 2007. Reimbursable expenses incurred under the SDI programs were $8.5
million and $5.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 and September 30, 2006,
respectively.
6. Financing Agreement
In July 2007, Deerfield Management, a healthcare investment fund and its affiliates, or
Deerfield, committed up to $30 million in project financing for a planned chamber study and
subsequent field study for TOLAMBA and to advance our preclinical peanut and cat allergy programs.
Deerfields commitment is in the form of loans that can be drawn down over a three-year period,
subject to achievement of specific milestones in the programs. Repayment of a portion of the loan
principal for TOLAMBA is contingent upon the positive outcome of the chamber study and subsequent
field study. If the TOLAMBA program is discontinued, we have no obligation to repay Deerfield up to
$9 million of the funds earmarked for that program; any other remaining outstanding principal will
be due in July 2010. A portion of the funding, if utilized, will advance our peanut and cat allergy
programs. Deerfield is entitled to receive an annual 5.9% cash commitment fee as well as
milestone-driven payments in the form of warrants issued or issuable at an exercise premium of 20%
over the average share price in the 15-day period prior to achievement of the milestone. Warrants
are required to be issued and priced on successful completion of milestones and, if all milestones
are successfully achieved, Deerfield would receive warrants exercisable for the purchase of a total
of 5.55 million shares of the Companys common stock, during the term of the loan agreement.
During the third quarter of 2007, we received from Deerfield $3.5 million in cash which is
recorded as a long-term liability in our consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2007.
Deerfield received warrants for the purchase of 1.25 million shares of the Companys common stock
upon execution of the loan agreement at an exercise price of $5.13 per share. The warrant issued
upon closing was assigned a value of $3.3 million using the Black-Scholes valuation model. At the
date of issuance, the warrant valuation is recorded as a deferred transaction cost in other assets
and an increase in additional paid in capital. The deferred transaction cost will be amortized on a
straight-line basis over the remaining term of the loan and recognized as interest expense in the
statement of operations. For the quarter ended September 30, 2007, we amortized $0.2 million of
deferred transaction cost in interest expense. Additionally, for the quarter ended September 30,
2007 we recognized as interest expense $0.4 million associated with the commitment fee which is
payable on October 31, 2007. In October 2007 upon our completion of a milestone, Deerfield also
received warrants for the purchase of 1.3 million shares of the Companys common stock at an
exercise price of $5.75 per share; these warrants were assigned a value of $3.7 million using the
Black-Scholes valuation model.
7. Commitments
We lease our facilities in Berkeley, California, or the Berkeley Lease, and Düsseldorf,
Germany, or the Düsseldorf Lease, under operating leases that expire in September 2014 and August
2009, respectively. The Berkeley Lease can be terminated in September 2009 at no cost to us but
otherwise extends automatically until September 2014. The Berkeley Lease provides for periods of
escalating rent. The total cash payments over the life of the lease were divided by the total
number of months in the lease period and the average rent is charged to expense each month during
the lease period. We have entered into a sublease agreement under the Berkeley Lease for a certain
portion of the leased space with scheduled payments to us totaling $25,000 through 2007 and $0.1
million annually thereafter until August 2010. The sublease rental income is offset against rent
expense. In addition, our Berkeley Lease provided a tenant improvement allowance of $0.4 million,
which is considered a lease incentive and accordingly, has been included in accrued liabilities and
other long-term liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2007 and
December 31, 2006. The Berkeley Lease incentive is amortized as an offset to rent expense over the
lease term, through September 2014. Total net rent expense related to our operating leases for the
nine months ended September 30, 2007 and September 30, 2006, was $1.5 million and $1.3 million,
respectively. Deferred rent was $0.2 million as of September 30, 2007.
10
Future minimum payments under the non-cancelable portion of our operating leases at September
30, 2007, excluding payments from the sublease agreement, are as follows (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
Year ending December 31, |
|
|
|
|
2007 (remaining three months) |
|
$ |
446 |
|
2008 |
|
|
1,803 |
|
2009 |
|
|
1,857 |
|
2010 |
|
|
1,912 |
|
2011 |
|
|
1,970 |
|
Thereafter |
|
|
5,538 |
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
13,526 |
|
|
|
|
|
During the fourth quarter of 2004, we established a letter of credit with Silicon Valley Bank
as security for our Berkeley Lease in the amount of $0.4 million. The letter of credit remained
outstanding as of September 30, 2007 and is collateralized by a certificate of deposit which has
been included in restricted cash in the consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2007 and
December 31, 2006. Under the terms of the Berkeley Lease, if the total amount of our cash, cash
equivalents and marketable securities falls below $20.0 million for a period of more than 30
consecutive days during the lease term, the amount of the required security deposit will increase
to $1.1 million, until such time as our projected cash and cash equivalents will exceed $20.0
million for the remainder of the lease term, or until our actual cash and cash equivalents remains
above $20.0 million for a period of 12 consecutive months.
In addition to the non-cancelable commitments included above, we have entered into contractual
arrangements that obligate us to make payments to the contractual counterparties upon the
occurrence of future events. In the normal course of operations, we have entered into license and
other agreements and intend to continue to seek additional rights relating to compounds or
technologies in connection with our discovery, manufacturing and development programs. Under the
terms of the agreements, we may be required to pay future up-front fees, milestones and royalties
on net sales of products originating from the licensed technologies. We consider these potential
obligations to be contingent and have summarized all significant arrangements below.
We rely on research institutions, contract research organizations, clinical investigators and
clinical material manufacturers. As of September 30, 2007, under the terms of our agreements, we
are obligated to make future payments as services are provided of approximately $6 million through
2009. These agreements are terminable by us upon written notice. We are generally only liable for
actual effort expended by the organizations at any point in time during the contract, subject to
certain termination fees and penalties.
Under the terms of our exclusive license agreements with the Regents of the University of
California, as amended, for certain technology and related patent rights and materials, we pay
annual license or maintenance fees and will be required to pay milestones and royalties on net
sales of products originating from the licensed technologies. As of
September 30, 2007, such fees and milestone payments to
the Regents could approximate $1 million in 2008.
In April 2006, Rhein and Green Cross Vaccine Corp. (Green Cross) entered into an exclusive
license agreement whereby Green Cross granted Rhein an exclusive license relating to SUPERVAX, a
hepatitis B vaccine. In exchange, Rhein is required to pay Green Cross a specified profit share
until Green Crosss development costs for the product are recouped and thereafter a specified
profit share for a designated period of time. To date, revenue from SUPERVAX has not been material.
8. Net Loss Per Share
Basic net loss per share is calculated by dividing the net loss by the weighted-average number
of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted net loss per share is computed by dividing
the net loss by the weighted-average number of common shares outstanding during the period and
potentially dilutive common shares using the treasury-stock method. For purposes of this
calculation, common stock subject to repurchase by us, preferred stock, options and warrants are
considered to be potentially dilutive common shares and are only included in the calculation of
diluted net loss per share when their effect is dilutive. Outstanding warrants and stock options to
purchase 7.5 million and 5.2 million shares of common stock as of September 30, 2007 and 2006,
respectively, were excluded from the calculation of diluted net loss per share because the effect
would have been anti-dilutive.
11
The following is a reconciliation of the numerator and denominator used in the basic and
diluted net loss per share computations (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
September 30, |
|
September 30, |
|
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
Numerator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(17,101 |
) |
|
$ |
(12,152 |
) |
|
$ |
(47,895 |
) |
|
$ |
(35,597 |
) |
Denominator: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-average
common shares
outstanding used
for basic and
diluted net loss
per share |
|
|
39,753 |
|
|
|
30,605 |
|
|
|
39,740 |
|
|
|
30,551 |
|
9. Comprehensive Loss
Comprehensive loss is comprised of net loss and other comprehensive income or loss. Other
comprehensive income or loss includes certain changes in stockholders equity not included in the
net loss. Comprehensive loss is as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Net loss |
|
$ |
(47,895 |
) |
|
$ |
(35,597 |
) |
Increase (decrease) in unrealized gain on marketable securities available-for-sale |
|
|
(5 |
) |
|
|
151 |
|
Increase in cumulative translation adjustment |
|
|
81 |
|
|
|
87 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive loss |
|
$ |
(47,819 |
) |
|
$ |
(35,359 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10. Stockholders Equity
As of September 30, 2007, we have two share-based compensation plans: the 2004 Stock Incentive
Plan, which includes the 2004 Non-Employee Director Option Program; and the 2004 Employee Stock
Purchase Plan. The 1997 Equity Incentive Plan, or 1997 Plan, which expired in the first quarter of
2007. Upon expiration of the 1997 Plan, 273,188 shares previously available for grant expired. Any
outstanding options under the 1997 Plan that are cancelled in future periods will automatically
expire and will no longer be available for grant.
Under our stock-based compensation plans, option awards generally vest over a 4-year period
contingent upon continuous service and expire 10 years from the date of grant (or earlier upon
termination of continuous service). The fair value of each option is estimated on the date of grant
using the Black-Scholes option valuation model and the following weighted-average assumptions:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Employee Stock |
|
|
|
Employee Stock Options |
|
|
Purchase Plan |
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Weighted-average fair value per share |
|
$ |
2.51 |
|
|
$ |
2.14 |
|
|
$ |
3.57 |
|
|
$ |
3.95 |
|
|
$ |
1.96 |
|
|
$ |
1.95 |
|
Risk-free interest rate |
|
|
4.5 |
% |
|
|
4.0 |
% |
|
|
4.8 |
% |
|
|
4.8 |
% |
|
|
4.6 |
% |
|
|
4.9 |
% |
Expected life (in years) |
|
|
4.0 |
|
|
|
4.0 |
|
|
|
4.5 |
|
|
|
5.7 |
|
|
|
1.2 |
|
|
|
1.2 |
|
Volatility |
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
Expected dividends |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Expected volatility is based on historical volatility of our stock and comparable peer data.
The expected life of options granted is estimated based on historical option exercise and employee
termination data. Executive level employees, who hold a majority of the options outstanding, and
non-executive level employees were each found to have similar historical option exercise and
termination behavior and thus were grouped and considered separately for valuation purposes. The
risk-free rate for periods within the contractual life of the option is based on the U.S. Treasury
yield curve in effect at the time of grant.
12
We recognized the following amounts of stock-based compensation expense (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
Employee and director stock-based compensation expense |
|
$ |
971 |
|
|
$ |
949 |
|
|
$ |
2,442 |
|
|
$ |
2,337 |
|
Other stock-based compensation expense |
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
21 |
|
|
|
40 |
|
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
984 |
|
|
$ |
970 |
|
|
$ |
2,482 |
|
|
$ |
2,366 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The fair value of the options is amortized to expense on a straight-line basis over the
vesting periods of the options. Compensation expense recognized was based on awards ultimately
expected to vest and reflects estimated forfeitures at an annual rate of 11%. As of September 30,
2007 the total unrecognized compensation cost related to non-vested options granted amounted to
$7.7 million, which is expected to be recognized over the options remaining weighted-average
vesting period of 1.7 years.
Activity under the our stock option plans was as follows:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-Average |
|
|
Options Available |
|
Number of Options |
|
Exercise Price Per |
|
|
for Grant |
|
Outstanding |
|
Share |
Balance at December 31, 2006 |
|
|
1,997,141 |
|
|
|
3,421,339 |
|
|
$ |
5.26 |
|
Options authorized |
|
|
400,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options granted |
|
|
(1,091,685 |
) |
|
|
1,091,685 |
|
|
$ |
5.76 |
|
Options exercised |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(5,666 |
) |
|
$ |
3.86 |
|
1997 Plan shares expired |
|
|
(273,188 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options cancelled: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options forfeited (unvested). |
|
|
196,946 |
|
|
|
(196,946 |
) |
|
$ |
5.88 |
|
Options expired (vested) |
|
|
57,639 |
|
|
|
(57,639 |
) |
|
$ |
4.88 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balance at September 30, 2007 |
|
|
1,286,853 |
|
|
|
4,252,773 |
|
|
$ |
5.65 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
The following table summarizes outstanding options that are net of expected forfeitures
(vested and expected to vest) and options exercisable under our stock option plans as of September
30, 2007:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted- Average |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Weighted-Average |
|
Remaining |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Exercise Price Per |
|
Contractual Term |
|
Aggregate Intrinsic |
|
|
Number of Shares |
|
Share |
|
(in years) |
|
Value |
Outstanding options (vested and expected to vest) |
|
|
3,824,366 |
|
|
$ |
5.29 |
|
|
|
7.8 |
|
|
$ |
1,533,276 |
|
Options exercisable |
|
|
1,718,960 |
|
|
$ |
4.52 |
|
|
|
6.6 |
|
|
$ |
1,435,550 |
|
Employee Stock Purchase Plan
As of September 30, 2007, 496,000 shares were reserved and approved for issuance under the
Employee Stock Purchase Plan (Purchase Plan), subject to adjustment for a stock split, any future
stock dividend or other similar change in our common stock or capital structure. To date, employees
acquired 105,956 shares of our common stock under the Purchase Plan. At September 30, 2007, 390,044
shares of our common stock remained available for future purchases.
11. Subsequent Events
In October 2007, we entered into a global license and development collaboration agreement with
Merck & Co, Inc, to jointly develop HEPLISAV, a novel investigational hepatitis B vaccine,
which is currently being evaluated in a multi-center Phase 3 clinical trial involving adults and in
patients on dialysis. Under the terms of the agreement, Merck receives worldwide exclusive rights
to HEPLISAV, will fund future vaccine development, and be responsible for commercialization.
Dynavax will receive an initial payment of $31.5 million, and will be eligible to receive up to
$105 million in development and sales milestone payments, and royalties on global sales of
HEPLISAV.
13
ITEM 2. MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The following Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of
Operations contains forward-looking statements that involve a number of risks and uncertainties.
Our actual results could differ materially from those indicated by forward-looking statements as a
result of various factors, including but not limited to those set forth under Risk Factors and
those that may be identified from time to time in our reports and registration statements filed
with the Securities and Exchange Commission.
The following discussion and analysis is intended to provide an investor with a narrative of
our financial results and an evaluation of our financial condition and results of operations. This
discussion should be read in conjunction with the unaudited Condensed Consolidated Financial
Statements and related Notes included in Item 1 of this quarterly report and the Consolidated
Financial Statements and related Notes and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations contained in our Annual Report on Form 10-K.
Overview
Dynavax Technologies Corporation is a biopharmaceutical company that discovers, develops and
intends to commercialize innovative Toll-like Receptor 9, or TLR9, agonist-based products to treat
and prevent infectious diseases, allergies, cancer and chronic inflammatory diseases using
versatile, proprietary approaches that alter immune system responses in highly specific ways. Our
TLR9 agonists are based on immunostimulatory sequences, or ISS, which are short DNA sequences that
enhance the ability of the immune system to fight disease and control chronic inflammation.
Our product candidates include: HEPLISAV(tm), a hepatitis B vaccine in Phase 3
partnered with Merck & Co. Inc.; TOLAMBA(tm), a ragweed allergy immunotherapy in Phase 2;
a therapy for non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) in Phase 2 and for metastatic colorectal cancer in Phase
1; and a therapy for hepatitis B in Phase 1. Our preclinical asthma and chronic obstructive
pulmonary disease (COPD) program is partnered with AstraZeneca AB, or AstraZeneca. The National
Institutes of Health (NIH) partially funds our preclinical work on a vaccine for influenza.
Symphony Dynamo, Inc. (SDI) funds our colorectal cancer trials and our preclinical hepatitis C
therapeutic program and Deerfield has committed funding for our allergy programs.
HEPLISAV
HEPLISAV, our product candidate for hepatitis B prophylaxis, is based on proprietary ISS that
specifically targets TLR9 to stimulate an innate immune response. HEPLISAV combines ISS with
hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and is designed to significantly enhance the level, speed and
longevity of protection. As a result of our acquisition of Rhein Biotech GmbH in April 2006, we
have secured manufacturing capabilities in Düsseldorf, Germany for producing both clinical and
initial commercial quantities of the HBsAg component of the vaccine. Previously reported clinical
trial results have shown 100% seroprotection after two doses in subjects 18 to 39 years of age, and
after three doses in difficult-to-immunize subjects 40 to 70 years of age.
In October 2007, we entered into a global license and development collaboration agreement with
Merck & Co, Inc, to jointly develop HEPLISAV. Under the terms of the agreement, Merck receives
worldwide exclusive rights to HEPLISAV, will fund future vaccine development, and be responsible
for commercialization. Dynavax will receive an initial payment of $31.5 million, and will be
eligible to receive up to $105 million in development and sales milestone payments, and
double-digit tiered royalties on global sales of HEPLISAV. Dynavax will continue to manage the
ongoing Phase 3 studies in Canada and Europe as well as other licensure-required studies. The
United States Food and Drug Administration Biologics Licensing Application (BLA) and other
marketing applications will be the joint responsibility of Merck and Dynavax, and will be filed by
Merck. Dynavax will be responsible for manufacture of the hepatitis B surface antigen component of
the vaccine for Merck, which will be produced at Dynavax Europes Düsseldorf, Germany facility
using Dynavaxs proprietary technology developed there and later, at a new facility to support
expected market needs.
Our ongoing multi-center Phase 3 pivotal trial known as PHAST (Phase 3 HeplisAv Short-regimen
Trial), which began in Canada in late 2006 and in Germany in June 2007, enrolled over 2,400
subjects 11 to 55 years of age, and compares a conventional two-dose regimen of HEPLISAV
(administered at 0 and 1 month) to the conventional three-dose regimen of Engerix-B®. marketed by
GlaxoSmithKline (administered at 0, 1 and 6 months).
In June 2007, we initiated a safety and immunogenicity study in the U.S., a second clinical
trial designed to support the licensure of HEPLISAV. In the U.S. study, consistent with the PHAST
trial, subjects 11 to 55 years of age received a two-dose regimen of HEPLISAV, at 0 and 1 month.
The primary endpoint of this trial will be measured four weeks after the second dose.
14
We plan to initiate a lot-to-lot consistency study comparing three
consecutive lots of HEPLISAV containing Hepatitis B surface antigen manufactured at Dynavax Europe.
Approximately 2,000 subjects are anticipated to be enrolled in this trial in the U.S., Canada and
Germany. The data from the PHAST trial, U.S. safety study, and the lot-to-lot consistency trial
will contribute to a safety database of approximately 4,000 subjects to support a planned BLA
submission .
In addition, we initiated a Phase 2 trial in August 2007 in Canada in patients with end-stage
renal disease (ESRD) to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of two different doses of HEPLISAV.
The trial is enrolling adults 40 to 70 years of age who have progressive loss of renal function and
are either pre-dialysis or hemodialysis patients. This is a difficult-to-immunize patient
population for whom conventional hepatitis B vaccines have shown limited efficacy. We intend to
focus our development activities and resources on maximizing the potential of the demonstrated
superiority of HEPLISAV over conventional hepatitis B vaccine in adults, and its potential in
patients with ESRD.
Allergy Franchise
In July 2007, Deerfield Management, a healthcare investment fund and its affiliates, committed
up to $30 million in project financing for a planned chamber study and subsequent field study for
TOLAMBA and to advance our preclinical peanut and cat allergy programs.
TOLAMBA
TOLAMBA, our product candidate for the treatment of ragweed allergy, consists of ISS linked to
the purified major allergen of ragweed, Amb a 1. TOLAMBA is designed to target the underlying cause
of seasonal allergic rhinitis caused by ragweed. The linking of ISS to Amb a 1 ensures that both
ISS and ragweed allergen are presented simultaneously to the same immune cells, producing a highly
specific and potent inhibitory effect and suppressing the Th2 cells responsible for inflammation
associated with ragweed allergy.
In October 2007, we began dosing of TOLAMBA in subjects as part of an environmental exposure
chamber study that is expected to enroll a total of 300 subjects. Subjects are being screened based
on a history of ragweed allergy and a positive skin test. Exposure to ragweed allergen in the
chamber is being used to select those individuals with confirmed ragweed allergic disease and
establish their baseline level of symptoms. Subjects are being treated and will be re-exposed in
the chamber to determine the effect of the six-week, six-injection TOLAMBA regimen as compared to
placebo. Data from this study are expected in the first half of 2008 and, if positive, we intend to
initiate a pivotal field study to support a potential BLA submission.
To date, TOLAMBA has been administered to over 1,100 patients, and has been safe and
well-tolerated. A Phase 2 study conducted in 2001-2002 showed 55% reduction (p=0.03) in TNSS in the
first season which was maintained (p=0.02) in the second season with no additional therapy. This
was a single site study with well-characterized, severe allergic patients. The Phase 2 study
conducted in 2004-2005 at 19 centers in the U.S. showed a 21% reduction in symptoms in the first
year (p=0.04) which was also maintained in the second year with no additional therapy (p=0.02).
However, the largest study of TOLAMBA (the DARTT study), conducted in 2006 in 738 patients at 30
U.S. sites, failed to enroll patients with measurable ragweed-allergic disease; therefore, the
effect of the treatment could not be measured and the study did not achieve its primary endpoints.
Peanut Allergy Immunotherapy
Our peanut allergy program involves direct linkage of certain peanut allergens to a
proprietary TLR9 agonist. This approach is designed to mask the IgE binding sites of the native
allergen to ensure the safety of the intervention, and to induce an allergen-specific Th1 to Th2
immune shift, to reprogram the immune response in allergic patients. Our approach to peanut allergy
provided protection in a mouse model of peanut induced anaphylaxis. Subject to successful
completion of product selection and optimization activities and preclinical studies, we plan to
initiate clinical studies in 2009.
Cat Allergy Immunotherapy
Our cat allergy program, similar to our approach to peanut and ragweed allergies, involves
direct linkage of the major cat allergen to a proprietary TLR9 agonist. Subject to successful
completion of product selection and optimization activities and preclinical studies, we plan to
initiate clinical studies in 2009. We anticipate that the clinical development path for a
disease-modifying cat allergy therapy to be focused on established challenge studies, in which both
patient selection and study timing can be tightly controlled.
15
Symphony Dynamo, Inc.
In April 2006, we entered into a series of related agreements with Symphony Capital Partners,
LP to advance specific Dynavax ISS-based programs for cancer therapy, hepatitis B therapy and
hepatitis C therapy through certain stages of clinical development. Pursuant to the agreements, SDI
agreed to fund up to $50.0 million for the clinical development of these programs and we licensed
to SDI our intellectual property rights related to these programs. SDI is a wholly-owned subsidiary
of Symphony Dynamo Holdings LLC, or Holdings, which provided $20.0 million in funding to SDI at
closing and $30.0 million in April 2007. We are primarily responsible for the development of these
programs.
Pursuant to the agreements, we issued to Holdings five-year warrants to purchase 2,000,000
shares of our common stock at $7.32 per share, representing a 25% premium over the 60-day trading
range average of $5.86 per share. The warrant exercise price is subject to reduction to $5.86 per
share under certain circumstances. The warrants may be exercised or surrendered for a cash payment
upon consummation of an all cash merger or acquisition of Dynavax, the obligation for which would
be settled by the surviving entity. In consideration for the warrants, we received an exclusive
purchase option to acquire all of the programs through the purchase of all of the equity in SDI
during the five-year term at specified prices, defined as the Purchase Option. The Purchase Option
exercise price is payable in cash or a combination of cash and shares of our common stock, at our
sole discretion. We also received an option to purchase either the hepatitis B or hepatitis C
program, defined as the Program Option. Dynavax exercised the Program Option in April 2007 for the
hepatitis B program. The exercise of the Program Option requires a payment obligation of $15
million to Holdings upon the expiration of the SDI collaboration in 2011 if the purchase option for
all programs is not exercised at any time through the remaining term of the collaboration. The
long-term liability for the Program Option is payable in cash only and will be fully creditable
against the exercise price for any subsequent exercise of the Purchase Option. If we do not
exercise our exclusive right to purchase the remaining programs licensed under the agreement, the
intellectual property rights to those programs at the end of the development period will remain
with SDI.
In oncology, we believe that the potent and multifaceted biological activities of ISS offer a
number of distinct approaches to cancer therapy in a wide range of tumor types. In December 2006,
we initiated a Phase 1 dose escalation clinical trial of our cancer product candidate in
combination with a standard chemotherapeutic regimen for metastatic colorectal cancer. We are also
pursuing the development of a second generation ISS technology that could potentially be used for
cancer therapy.
A Phase 2 study has been completed in non-Hodgkins lymphoma (NHL) of ISS in combination with
Rituxan(tm) (rituximab). In December 2006, we announced preliminary data from this Phase 2
study based on 23 patients with histologically confirmed CD20+, B-cell follicular NHL who had
relapsed after at least one prior treatment regimen for lymphoma. This study showed a possible
correlation between biomarker response to ISS and clinical outcomes; patients with high biomarker
induction had a doubling of response rate and progression free survival versus patients with low
biomarker induction. The combination of rituximab and our ISS was well-tolerated, and adverse
events were minimal. We previously reported a Phase 1, dose-escalation trial of our ISS in
combination with rituximab in 20 patients with NHL in which dose-dependent pharmacological activity
was demonstrated without significant toxicity.
Hepatitis B Immunotherapy
We are developing a novel therapy to treat chronic hepatitis B infection that combines
hepatitis B surface antigen and hepatitis B core antigen. In March 2007, we initiated a Phase 1
study of this therapy in 20 healthy subjects, to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of two
dosing regimens.
AstraZeneca Research Collaboration and License Agreement
In September 2006, we entered into a research collaboration and license agreement with
AstraZeneca for the discovery and development of TLR9 agonist-based therapies for the treatment of
asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or COPD. The collaboration is using our
proprietary second-generation TLR9 agonist immunostimulatory sequences or ISS. Under the terms of
the agreement, we are collaborating with AstraZeneca to identify lead TLR9 agonists and conduct
appropriate research phase studies. AstraZeneca is responsible for any development and worldwide
commercialization of products arising out of the research program. We have the option to co-promote
in the United States products arising from the collaboration.
16
Influenza Vaccine
In August 2007, we were awarded a two-year $3.25 million grant from the National Institute of
Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID), a division of the National Institutes of Health (NIH), to
continue development of a novel universal influenza vaccine for controlling seasonal and emerging
pandemic flu strains. Our research focuses on a new vaccine that incorporates a second- generation
TLR9 agonist and the conserved influenza antigen nucleoprotein (NP). The new grant is directed
toward advancing preclinical research into IND-enabling studies and product development.
In 2006, we reported preclinical data that indicated our flu vaccine can improve the
immunogenicity of standard flu vaccines. The data from mouse and primate models demonstrated that
co-administration of our flu vaccine with standard vaccine enhances the immune response of the
standard vaccine, allows reduction of standard vaccine dosage, and provides protection that is not
strain-dependent. The preclinical work was funded in part by a research and development grant for a
pandemic flu vaccine from the NIAID.
SUPERVAX
In April 2006, we completed the acquisition of Rhein Biotech GmbH, or Rhein, or Dynavax
Europe. As a result, we acquired a hepatitis B vaccine called SUPERVAX that has been tested in more
than 600 subjects and has demonstrated safety and 99% seroprotection when administered on a
two-dose schedule. SUPERVAX was launched in Argentina in December 2006 and is approved for
marketing and sales through a third party partner.
Critical Accounting Policies and the Use of Estimates
We believe that there have been no significant changes in our critical accounting policies
during the nine months ended September 30, 2007 as compared with those disclosed in our Annual
Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2006.
Results of Operations
Revenues
Revenues consist of amounts earned from collaborations, services, license fees and grants.
Collaboration revenue includes revenue recognized under our collaboration agreement with
AstraZeneca. Services and license fees include research and development and contract manufacturing
services, license fees and royalty payments. Grant revenue includes amounts earned under government
and private agency grants.
The following is a summary of our revenues (in thousands, except percentages):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months
|
|
|
Increase
(Decrease) |
|
|
Nine Months
|
|
|
Increase
(Decrease) |
|
|
|
Ended
September 30, |
|
|
from 2006
to 2007 |
|
|
Ended
September 30, |
|
|
from 2006
to 2007 |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
Revenues: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Collaboration revenue |
|
$ |
719 |
|
|
$ |
166 |
|
|
$ |
553 |
|
|
|
333 |
% |
|
$ |
2,218 |
|
|
$ |
166 |
|
|
$ |
2,052 |
|
|
|
1236 |
% |
Services and license
revenue |
|
|
162 |
|
|
|
692 |
|
|
|
(530 |
) |
|
|
(77 |
%) |
|
|
732 |
|
|
|
916 |
|
|
|
(184 |
) |
|
|
(20 |
%) |
Grant revenue |
|
|
133 |
|
|
|
734 |
|
|
|
(601 |
) |
|
|
(82 |
%) |
|
|
1,848 |
|
|
|
1,327 |
|
|
|
521 |
|
|
|
39 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues |
|
$ |
1,014 |
|
|
$ |
1,592 |
|
|
$ |
(578 |
) |
|
|
(36 |
%) |
|
$ |
4,798 |
|
|
$ |
2,409 |
|
|
$ |
2,389 |
|
|
|
99 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 were $4.8 million, compared to
$2.4 million for the same period in 2006. The increase is primarily due to collaboration revenue
from AstraZeneca, and grants primarily awarded by the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious
Diseases.
We anticipate that our total revenues will continue to increase in 2007 as compared to 2006
due primarily to the commercialization collaboration with Merck and research funding under our
collaboration with AstraZeneca.
Research and Development
Research and development expenses consist of compensation and related personnel costs which
include benefits, recruitment, travel and supply costs; outside services; allocated facility costs
and non-cash stock-based compensation. Outside services relate to our
17
preclinical experiments and clinical trials, regulatory filings, manufacturing our product
candidates, and the costs of selling SUPERVAX formulated bulk vaccine. We expense our research and
development costs as they are incurred.
The following is a summary of our research and development expense (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Increase (Decrease) |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
Increase (Decrease) |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
from 2006 to 2007 |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
from 2006 to 2007 |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
Research and development: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation and related
personnel costs |
|
$ |
4,756 |
|
|
$ |
3,711 |
|
|
$ |
1,045 |
|
|
|
28 |
% |
|
$ |
14,270 |
|
|
$ |
9,256 |
|
|
$ |
5,014 |
|
|
|
54 |
% |
Outside services |
|
|
8,153 |
|
|
|
7,410 |
|
|
|
743 |
|
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
27,955 |
|
|
|
16,456 |
|
|
|
11,499 |
|
|
|
70 |
% |
Facility costs |
|
|
1,730 |
|
|
|
1,415 |
|
|
|
315 |
|
|
|
22 |
% |
|
|
4,689 |
|
|
|
3,622 |
|
|
|
1,067 |
|
|
|
29 |
% |
Non-cash stock-based
compensation |
|
|
270 |
|
|
|
245 |
|
|
|
25 |
|
|
|
10 |
% |
|
|
791 |
|
|
|
801 |
|
|
|
(10 |
) |
|
|
(1 |
%) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total research and
development |
|
$ |
14,909 |
|
|
$ |
12,781 |
|
|
$ |
2,128 |
|
|
|
17 |
% |
|
$ |
47,705 |
|
|
$ |
30,135 |
|
|
$ |
17,570 |
|
|
|
58 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Research and development expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by
$17.6 million, or 58%, over the same period in 2006. The increase was primarily due to outside
services which included a one-time $5 million payment in June 2007 for a non-exclusive license to
certain patents and patent applications for the purpose of commercializing HEPLISAV. The remaining
growth in outside services was due to increased clinical trial and clinical material manufacturing
costs related to HEPLISAV and expenses incurred to support SDI programs and Dynavax Europe
operations. Compensation and related personnel costs increased in 2007 resulting from continued
organizational growth to further develop our clinical candidates and the impact of Dynavax Europe.
We anticipate that our research and development expenses will increase significantly in 2007
as compared to 2006, primarily in connection with the advancement of HEPLISAV, TOLAMBA and our
programs in cancer, hepatitis C therapy, asthma and flu.
General and Administrative
General and administrative expenses consist primarily of compensation and related personnel
costs; outside services such as accounting, consulting, business development, investor relations
and insurance; legal costs that include corporate and patent expenses, net of patent cost
recoveries; allocated facility costs; and non-cash stock-based compensation.
The following is a summary of our general and administrative expense (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Increase (Decrease) |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
Increase (Decrease) |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
from 2006 to 2007 |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
from 2006 to 2007 |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
General and administrative: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation and related
personnel costs |
|
$ |
1,850 |
|
|
$ |
1,937 |
|
|
$ |
(87 |
) |
|
|
(4% |
) |
|
$ |
5,378 |
|
|
$ |
4,743 |
|
|
$ |
635 |
|
|
|
13% |
|
Outside services |
|
|
1,057 |
|
|
|
1,215 |
|
|
|
(158 |
) |
|
|
(13% |
) |
|
|
3,415 |
|
|
|
2,678 |
|
|
|
737 |
|
|
|
28% |
|
Legal costs |
|
|
1,245 |
|
|
|
625 |
|
|
|
620 |
|
|
|
99% |
|
|
|
2,490 |
|
|
|
1,257 |
|
|
|
1,233 |
|
|
|
98% |
|
Facility costs |
|
|
167 |
|
|
|
154 |
|
|
|
13 |
|
|
|
8% |
|
|
|
450 |
|
|
|
446 |
|
|
|
4 |
|
|
|
1% |
|
Other |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(50 |
) |
|
|
50 |
|
|
|
(100% |
) |
Non-cash stock-based
compensation |
|
|
710 |
|
|
|
725 |
|
|
|
(15 |
) |
|
|
(2% |
) |
|
|
1,681 |
|
|
|
1,565 |
|
|
|
116 |
|
|
|
7% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total general and
administrative |
|
$ |
5,029 |
|
|
$ |
4,656 |
|
|
$ |
373 |
|
|
|
8% |
|
|
$ |
13,414 |
|
|
$ |
10,639 |
|
|
$ |
2,775 |
|
|
|
26% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
General and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2007 increased by
$2.8 million, or 26%, over the same period in 2006. The increase primarily reflects additional
legal costs associated with patent interference activities. Compensation and related personnel
costs increased in 2007 as a result of overall organizational growth including the operations of
Dynavax Europe. Outside services increased in 2007 related to higher professional fees incurred to
support SDI programs, various corporate development activities and Dynavax Europe operations.
We expect general and administrative expenses to increase modestly in 2007 as compared to
2006, resulting from continued organizational growth and expenses incurred to support the
advancement of our clinical development programs and corporate
development activities.
18
Amortization of Intangible Assets
Intangible assets resulting from our April 2006 acquisition of Dynavax Europe consist
primarily of manufacturing process, customer relationships and developed technology. Amortization
of intangible assets was $0.3 million and $0.8 million, respectively, for the three and nine months
ended September 30, 2007.
Interest and Other Income, Net
Interest income is reported net of accretion/amortization on marketable securities, realized
gains and losses on investments, and interest expense from the Deerfield financing agreement. Other
income includes gains and losses on foreign currency transaction from our activities primarily with
Dynavax Europe and gains and losses on disposals of property and equipment. The following is a
summary of our interest and other income, net (in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
Increase (Decrease) |
|
|
Nine Months Ended |
|
|
Increase (Decrease) |
|
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
from 2006 to 2007 |
|
|
September 30, |
|
|
from 2006 to 2007 |
|
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
% |
|
Interest and other
income, net: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest income, net |
|
$ |
308 |
|
|
$ |
651 |
|
|
$ |
(343 |
) |
|
|
(53 |
%) |
|
$ |
2,355 |
|
|
$ |
2,061 |
|
|
$ |
294 |
|
|
|
14 |
% |
Other income net |
|
|
145 |
|
|
|
22 |
|
|
|
123 |
|
|
|
559 |
% |
|
|
151 |
|
|
|
32 |
|
|
|
119 |
|
|
|
372 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total interest and
other income, net |
|
$ |
453 |
|
|
$ |
673 |
|
|
$ |
(220 |
) |
|
|
(33 |
%) |
|
$ |
2,506 |
|
|
$ |
2,093 |
|
|
$ |
413 |
|
|
|
20 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Interest and other income, net was $2.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2007
compared to $2.1 million reported for the same period in 2006. The increase was primarily due to
approximately $1.0 million of interest earned on the investments held by SDI and the investment of
proceeds from our equity offerings in the fourth quarter of 2006, offset by $0.6 million of
interest expense incurred from the Deerfield financing agreement executed in July of 2007.
Amount Attributed to Noncontrolling Interest in Symphony Dynamo, Inc.
Pursuant to the agreements that we entered into with SDI in April 2006 and in accordance with
Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 46 (revised 2003), Consolidation of
Variable Interest Entities, or FIN 46R , the results of operations of SDI have been included in
our consolidated financial statements from the date of formation on April 18, 2006. We have
deducted the losses attributed to the noncontrolling interest from our condensed consolidated
statement of operations to the extent that the offsetting amount of the noncontrolling interest in
the condensed consolidated balance sheet is zero. For the three and nine months ended September 30,
2007, the loss attributed to the noncontrolling interest was $1.6 million and $6.7 million,
respectively, compared to $3.3 million and $5.3 million for the same periods in 2006.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In March 2007, the FASB discussed Emerging Issues Task Force (EITF) Issue No. 07-3,
Accounting for Nonrefundable Advance Payments for Goods or Services to Be Used in Future Research
and Development Activities, addressed the accounting for nonrefundable advance payments. The EITF
concluded that nonrefundable advance payments for goods or services to be received in the future
for use in research and development activities should be deferred and capitalized. The capitalized
amounts should be expensed as the related goods are delivered or the services performed. If an
entitys expectations change such that it does not expect it will need the goods to be delivered or
the services to be rendered, capitalized nonrefundable advance payment should be charged to
expense. Issue 07-3 is effective for new contracts entered into during fiscal years beginning after
December 15, 2007, including interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption of the
provision of the consensus is not permitted. Accordingly, we must adopt Issue 07-3 in the first
quarter of fiscal 2008 and we are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption will have on
our consolidated results of operations and financial condition.
In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159 (SFAS
159), The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, which allows entities
to account for most financial instruments at fair value rather than under other applicable
generally accepted accounting principles such as historical cost. The accounting results in the
instrument being marked to fair value every reporting period with the gain/loss from a change in
fair value recorded in the income statement. SFAS 159
19
is effective as of the beginning of an entitys first fiscal year that begins after November
15, 2007. Accordingly, we must adopt SFAS 157 in the first quarter of fiscal 2008 and we are
currently evaluating the effect that the adoption will have on our consolidated results of
operations and financial condition.
In September 2006, the FASB issued SFAS 157, Fair Value Measurements. SFAS 157 provides
guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. It also responds to investors
requests for expanded information about the extent to which companies measure assets and
liabilities at fair value, the information used to measure fair value, and the effect of fair value
measurements on earnings. SFAS 157 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years
beginning after November 15, 2007. Accordingly, we must adopt SFAS 157 in the first quarter of
fiscal 2008 and we are currently evaluating the effect that the adoption will have on our
consolidated results of operations and financial condition.
In
July 2006, the FASB released the Financial Interpretation No. 48 Accounting for Uncertainty in
Income Taxes (FIN 48). FIN 48 prescribes the minimum recognition threshold a tax position is
required to meet before being recognized in the financial statements. FIN 48 also requires
additional disclosure of the beginning and ending unrecognized tax benefits and details regarding
the uncertainties that may cause the unrecognized benefits to increase or decrease within a twelve
month period.
We adopted the provisions of FIN 48 on January 1, 2007. There was no impact on our
consolidated financial position, results of operations and cash flows as a result of adoption. We
have no unrecognized tax benefit as of September 30, 2007, including no accrued amounts for
interest and penalties. Our policy will be to recognize interest and penalties related to income
taxes as a component of general and administrative expense. We are subject to income tax
examinations for U.S. incomes taxes and state income taxes from 1996 forward. We are subject to tax
examinations in Singapore and Germany from 2003 and 2004 forward, respectively. We do not
anticipate that total unrecognized tax benefits will significantly change prior to September 30,
2008.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
As of September 30, 2007, we had $68.7 million in cash, cash equivalents and marketable
securities and investments held by SDI. Our funds are currently invested in a variety of
securities, including institutional money market funds, commercial paper, government and
non-government debt securities and corporate obligations.
We have financed our operations since inception primarily through the sale of shares of our
common stock, shares of our convertible preferred stock, and ordinary shares in a subsidiary, which
have yielded a total of approximately $222 million in net cash proceeds. Additionally, we have
financed our operations through amounts received under collaborative agreements and government
grants. We have also financed certain of our research and development activities under our
agreements with SDI and Deerfield.
We completed an initial public offering in February 2004, raising net proceeds of
approximately $46.5 million from the sale of 6,900,000 shares of common stock. In the fourth
quarter of 2005, we completed an underwritten public offering that resulted in net proceeds of
approximately $33.1 million from the sale of 5,720,000 shares of our common stock. In the fourth
quarter of 2006, we completed a follow-on offering raising approximately $29.3 million from the
sale of 7,130,000 shares of common stock. We use these proceeds to fund our current operations.
In August 2006 we entered into an equity line of credit arrangement with Azimuth Opportunity
Ltd. Specifically, we entered into a Common Stock Purchase Agreement with Azimuth, which provides
that, upon the terms and subject to the conditions set forth therein, Azimuth is committed to
purchase up to the lesser of $30 million of our common stock, or the number of shares which is one
less than 20% of the issued and outstanding shares of our common stock as of the effective date of
the purchase agreement over the 18-month term of the purchase agreement. From time to time over the
term of the purchase agreement, and at our sole discretion, we may present Azimuth with draw down
notices constituting offers to purchase our common stock. The per share purchase price for these
shares is at a discount ranging from 5.2% to 7.0%. In December 2006, we completed a draw down on
our equity line of credit resulting in net proceeds of approximately $14.8 million from the sale of
1,663,456 shares of our common stock. $15 million remains available on our equity line of credit.
In July 2007, Deerfield Management, a healthcare investment fund and its affiliates, or
Deerfield, committed up to $30 million in project financing for a planned chamber study and
subsequent field study for TOLAMBA and to advance our preclinical peanut and cat allergy programs.
Deerfields commitment is in the form of loans that can be drawn down over a three-year period,
subject to achievement of specific milestones in the programs. Repayment of a portion of the loan
principal for TOLAMBA is contingent upon the positive outcome of the chamber study and subsequent
field study. If the TOLAMBA program is discontinued, we have no obligation to repay Deerfield up to
$9 million of the funds earmarked for that program; any other remaining outstanding principal will
20
be due in July 2010. A portion of the funding, if utilized, will advance our peanut and cat allergy
programs. Deerfield is entitled to receive an annual 5.9% cash commitment fee as well as
milestone-driven payments in the form of warrants issued or issuable at an exercise premium of 20%
over the average share price in the 15-day period prior to achievement of the milestone. If all
milestones are successfully achieved, Deerfield would receive warrants for the purchase of up to a
total of 5.55 million shares of the Companys common stock during the term of the loan agreement..
In October 2007, we entered into a global license and development collaboration agreement with
Merck & Co, Inc, to jointly develop HEPLISAV. Under the terms of the agreement, Merck receives
worldwide exclusive rights to HEPLISAV, will fund future vaccine development, and be responsible
for commercialization. Dynavax will receive an initial payment of $31.5 million, and will be
eligible to receive up to $105 million in development and sales milestone payments, and
double-digit tiered royalties on global sales of HEPLISAV.
Cash used in operating activities was $50.5 million during the nine months ended September 30,
2007 compared to $19.6 million for the same period in 2006. The increase in cash usage over the
prior year was due primarily to the increase in our net loss and the amount attributed to the
noncontrolling interest in SDI.
Cash provided by investing activities was $17.2 million during the nine months ended September
30, 2007 compared to $8.9 million for the same period in 2006. The increase was attributed to the
net proceeds from sales and maturities of marketable securities.
Cash provided by financing activities was $33.7 million during the nine months ended September
30, 2007 compared to $17.8 million for the same period in 2006. Cash provided by financing
activities primarily included the proceeds from the purchase of noncontrolling interest by
preferred shareholders in Symphony Dynamo, Inc. and from the Deerfield financing agreement.
We currently anticipate that our cash and marketable securities, investments held by SDI,
available funds under our Azimuth equity line of credit, collaboration agreements, and Deerfield
financing arrangement will enable us to maintain our operations for at least the next twelve
months. Because of the significant time it will take for any of our product candidates to complete
clinical trials, achieve regulatory approval and generate significant revenue, we will require
substantial additional capital resources. We may raise additional funds through public or private
equity offerings, debt financings, capital lease transactions, corporate collaborations or other
means. We may attempt to raise additional capital due to favorable market conditions or strategic
considerations even if we have sufficient funds for planned operations.
Additional financing may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all and therefore may
adversely affect our ability to operate as a going concern. If at any time sufficient capital is
not available, either through existing capital resources or through raising additional funds, we
may be required to delay, scale back or eliminate some or all of our research or development
programs, fail to meet the diligence obligations under existing licenses or enter into
collaborative arrangements at an earlier stage of development on less favorable terms than we would
otherwise choose.
Contractual Obligations
The following summarizes our significant contractual obligations as of September 30, 2007 and
the effect those obligations are expected to have on our liquidity and cash flow in future periods
(in thousands):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Less than 1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
More than |
|
Contractual Obligations: |
|
Total |
|
|
Year |
|
|
1-3 Years |
|
|
4-5 Years |
|
|
5 years |
|
Future minimum payments under our operating lease, excluding
payments from the sublease agreement |
|
$ |
13,526 |
|
|
$ |
446 |
|
|
$ |
5,571 |
|
|
$ |
3,999 |
|
|
$ |
3,510 |
|
Long-term liability from the Program Option exercised under the
SDI collaboration |
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
15,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
Future commitment fees under our financing agreement with Deerfield |
|
|
5,310 |
|
|
|
356 |
|
|
|
4,954 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-term liability from Deerfield financing agreement |
|
|
3,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3,500 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
37,336 |
|
|
$ |
802 |
|
|
$ |
14,025 |
|
|
$ |
18,999 |
|
|
$ |
3,510 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We lease our facilities in Berkeley, California, or the Berkeley Lease, and Düsseldorf,
Germany, or the Düsseldorf Lease, under operating leases that expire in September 2014 and August
2009, respectively. The Berkeley Lease can be terminated at no cost to us in September 2009 but
otherwise extends automatically until September 2014. We have entered into a sublease agreement
under the Berkeley Lease for a certain portion of the leased space with scheduled payments to us
totaling $25,000 through 2007 and $0.1 million annually thereafter until August 2010. The sublease
rental income is offset against rent expense.
21
In April 2007 we exercised an option to repurchase our hepatitis B program from Symphony
Dynamo. The exercise of the Program Option triggers a payment obligation of $15 million upon the
expiration of the SDI collaboration if the Purchase Option for all programs is not exercised. The
price for the Program Option is payable in cash only and will be fully creditable against the
exercise price for any subsequent exercise of the Purchase Option.
As of September 30, 2007, we have drawn down $3.5 million from the Deerfield financing
agreement in which the outstanding principal will be due in July 2010.
During the fourth quarter of 2004, we established a letter of credit with Silicon Valley Bank
as security for our Berkeley Lease in the amount of $0.4 million. The letter of credit remained
outstanding as of September 30, 2007 and is collateralized by a certificate of deposit which has
been included in restricted cash in the consolidated balance sheets as of September 30, 2007 and
December 31, 2006. Under the terms of the Berkeley Lease, if the total amount of our cash, cash
equivalents and marketable securities falls below $20.0 million for a period of more than 30
consecutive days during the lease term, the amount of the required security deposit will increase
to $1.1 million, until such time as our projected cash and cash equivalents will exceed $20.0
million for the remainder of the lease term, or until our actual cash and cash equivalents remains
above $20.0 million for a period of 12 consecutive months.
In addition to the non-cancelable commitments included above, we have entered into contractual
arrangements that obligate us to make payments to the contractual counterparties upon the
occurrence of future events. In the normal course of operations, we have entered into license and
other agreements and intend to continue to seek additional rights relating to compounds or
technologies in connection with our discovery, manufacturing and development programs. Under the
terms of the agreements, we may be required to pay future up-front fees, milestones and royalties
on net sales of products originating from the licensed technologies. We consider these potential
obligations to be contingent and have summarized all significant arrangements below.
We rely on research institutions, contract research organizations, clinical investigators and
clinical material manufacturers. As of September 30, 2007, under the terms of our agreements, we
are obligated to make future payments as services are provided of approximately $6 million through
2009. These agreements are terminable by us upon written notice. We are generally only liable for
actual effort expended by the organizations at any point in time during the contract, subject to
certain termination fees and penalties.
Under the terms of our exclusive license agreements with the Regents of the University of
California, as amended, for certain technology and related patent rights and materials, we pay
annual license or maintenance fees and will be required to pay milestones and royalties on net
sales of products originating from the licensed technologies. As of September 30, 2007, such fees and milestone payments to
the Regents could approximate $1 million in 2008.
In April 2006, Rhein and Green Cross Vaccine Corp. entered into an exclusive license agreement
whereby Green Cross granted Rhein an exclusive license relating to SUPERVAX, a hepatitis B vaccine.
In exchange, Rhein is required to pay Green Cross a specified profit share until Green Crosss
development costs for the product are recouped and thereafter a specified profit share for a
designated period of time. To date SUPERVAX revenue has not been material.
Off-balance Sheet Arrangements
We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements as defined by the SEC and Financial
Accounting Standards Board, and accordingly, no such arrangements are likely to have a current or
future effect on our financial position. As described above, SDI is not an off-balance sheet
arrangement as it is considered a variable interest entity and included in our financial
statements.
ITEM 3. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK
The primary objective of our investment activities is to preserve principal while at the same
time maximize the income we receive from our investments without significantly increasing risk.
Some of the securities that we invest in may have market risk. This means that a change in
prevailing interest rates may cause the market value of the investment to fluctuate. To minimize
this risk, we maintain our portfolio of cash equivalents and investments in a variety of
securities, including commercial paper, money market funds, government and non-government debt
securities and corporate obligations. Because of the short-term maturities of our cash equivalents
and marketable securities, we do not believe that an increase in market rates would have any
significant negative impact on the realized value of our investments.
Interest Rate Risk. We do not use derivative financial instruments in our investment
portfolio. Due to the short duration and
22
conservative nature of our cash equivalents and marketable securities, we do not expect any
material loss with respect to our investment portfolio.
Foreign Currency Risk. We have certain investments outside the U.S. to support the operations
of Dynavax Europe and have some exposure to foreign exchange rate fluctuations. The cumulative
translation adjustment reported in the consolidated balance sheet as of September 30, 2007 was $0.2
million primarily related to translation of Dynavax Europe activities from Euro to U.S. dollars.
ITEM 4. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES
(a) Evaluation of disclosure controls and procedures
The Companys management, under the supervision and with the participation of the Companys
Chief Executive Officer, or CEO, and Chief Financial Officer, or CFO, performed an evaluation of
the effectiveness of the design and operation of the Companys disclosure controls and procedures
as of the end of the period covered by this report. Based on that evaluation, the CEO and CFO
concluded that the Companys disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and
15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or Exchange Act, as of the end of period
covered by this report have been designed and are functioning effectively to provide reasonable
assurance that the information required to be disclosed by us in reports filed under the Exchange
Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in SEC rules
and forms. We believe that a control system, no matter how well designed and operated, cannot
provide absolute assurance that the objectives of the control system are met, and no evaluation of
controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any,
within a company have been detected.
(b) Changes in internal controls
There has been no change in our internal controls over financial reporting during our most
recent fiscal quarter that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect,
our internal controls over financial reporting.
23
PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
ITEM 1. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS
From time to time in the ordinary course of business, we receive claims or allegations
regarding various matters, including employment, vendor and other similar situations in the conduct
of our operations. We do not believe any of the current claims or allegations are material to our
current business or operations.
ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS
Various statements in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are forward-looking statements
concerning our future products, timing of development activities, expenses, revenues, liquidity and
cash needs, as well as our plans and strategies. These forward-looking statements are based on
current expectations and we assume no obligation to update this information. Numerous factors could
cause our actual results to differ significantly from the results described in these
forward-looking statements, including the following risk factors.
We have incurred substantial losses since inception and do not have any commercial products that
generate significant revenue.
We have experienced significant net losses in each year since our inception. Our accumulated
deficit was $215.8 million as of September 30, 2007. To date, our revenue has resulted from
collaboration agreements, services and license fees from customers of Dynavax Europe, and
government and private agency grants. The grants are subject to annual review based on the
achievement of milestones and other factors and are scheduled to terminate in 2009. We anticipate
that we will incur substantial additional net losses for the foreseeable future as the result of
our investment in research and development activities.
We do not have any products that generate significant revenue. Clinical trials for certain of
our product candidates are ongoing. These and our other product candidates may never be
commercialized, and we may never achieve profitability. Our ability to generate revenue depends
upon:
|
|
|
demonstrating in clinical trials that our product candidates are safe and effective, in
particular, in the current and planned trials for our product candidates; |
|
|
|
|
obtaining regulatory approvals for our product candidates; and |
|
|
|
|
entering into and maintaining successful collaborative relationships. |
If we are unable to generate significant revenues or achieve profitability, we may be required
to reduce or discontinue our current and planned operations or raise additional capital on less
favorable terms.
If we are unable to secure additional funding, we will have to reduce or discontinue operations.
We believe our existing capital resources will be adequate to satisfy our capital needs for at
least the next twelve months. Because of the significant time and resources it will take to develop
and commercialize our product candidates, we will require substantial additional capital resources
in order to continue our operations, and any such funding may not allow us to continue operations
as currently planned. We expect capital outlays and operating expenditures to increase over the
next several years as we expand our operations, and any change in plans may increase these outlays
and expenditures. We may be unable to obtain additional capital on acceptable terms, or at all and
we may be required to delay, reduce the scope of, or eliminate some or all of our programs, or
discontinue our operations.
The success of our TLR9 product candidates depends on achieving successful clinical results and
regulatory approval. Failure to obtain regulatory approvals could require us to discontinue
operations.
None of our TLR9 product candidates have been approved for sale. Any product candidate we
develop is subject to extensive regulation by federal, state and local governmental authorities in
the United States, including the FDA, and by foreign regulatory agencies. Our success is primarily
dependent on our ability to obtain regulatory approval for our most advanced TLR9 product
candidates. Approval processes in the United States and in other countries are uncertain, take many
years and require the expenditure of substantial resources.
24
We will need to demonstrate in clinical trials that a product candidate is safe and effective
before we can obtain the necessary approvals from the FDA and foreign regulatory agencies. If we
identify any safety issues associated with our product candidates, we may be restricted from
initiating further trials for those products. Moreover, we may not see sufficient signs of efficacy
in those studies. The FDA or foreign regulatory agencies may require us to conduct additional
clinical trials prior to approval.
Many new drug candidates, including many drug candidates that have completed Phase 3 clinical
trials, have shown promising results in early clinical trials and subsequently failed to establish
sufficient safety and efficacy to obtain regulatory approval. Despite the time and money expended,
regulatory approvals are uncertain. Failure to successfully complete clinical trials and show that
our products are safe and effective would have a material adverse effect on our business and
results of operations.
Our clinical trials may be extended, suspended, delayed or terminated at any time. Even short
delays in the commencement and progress of our trials may lead to substantial delays in the
regulatory approval process for our product candidates, which will impair our ability to generate
revenues.
We may extend, suspend or terminate clinical trials at any time for various reasons, including
regulatory actions by the FDA or foreign regulatory agencies, actions by institutional review
boards, failure to comply with good clinical practice requirements, concerns regarding health risks
to test subjects or inadequate supply of the product candidate. In addition, our ability to conduct
clinical trials for some of our product candidates is limited due to the seasonal nature. Even a
small delay in a trial for any product candidate could require us to delay commencement of the
trial until the target population is available for testing, which could result in a delay of an
entire year.
Our registration and commercial timelines depend on results of the current and planned
clinical trials and further discussions with the FDA. Any extension, suspension, termination or
unanticipated delays of our clinical trials could:
|
|
|
adversely affect our ability to timely and successfully commercialize or market these
product candidates; |
|
|
|
|
result in significant additional costs; |
|
|
|
|
potentially diminish any competitive advantages for those products; |
|
|
|
|
adversely affect our ability to enter into collaborations, receive milestone payments or
royalties from potential collaborators; |
|
|
|
|
cause us to abandon the development of the affected product candidate; or |
|
|
|
|
limit our ability to obtain additional financing on acceptable terms, if at all. |
If we receive regulatory approval for our product candidates, we will be subject to ongoing FDA and
foreign regulatory obligations and continued regulatory review.
Any regulatory approvals that we receive for our product candidates are likely to contain
requirements for post-marketing follow-up studies, which may be costly. Product approvals, once
granted, may be modified based on data from subsequent studies or long-term use. As a result,
limitations on labeling indications or marketing claims, or withdrawal from the market may be
required if problems occur after commercialization.
In addition, we or our contract manufacturers will be required to adhere to federal
regulations setting forth current good manufacturing practice. The regulations require that our
product candidates be manufactured and our records maintained in a prescribed manner with respect
to manufacturing, testing and quality control activities. Furthermore, we or our contract
manufacturers must pass a pre-approval inspection of manufacturing facilities by the FDA and
foreign regulatory agencies before obtaining marketing approval and will be subject to periodic
inspection by the FDA and corresponding foreign regulatory agencies under reciprocal agreements
with the FDA. Further, to the extent that we contract with third parties for the manufacture of our
products, our ability to control third-party compliance with FDA requirements will be limited to
contractual remedies and rights of inspection.
Failure to comply with regulatory requirements could prevent or delay marketing approval or
require the expenditure of money or other resources to correct. Failure to comply with applicable
requirements may also result in warning letters, fines, injunctions, civil
25
penalties, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of production, refusal of the
government to renew marketing applications and criminal prosecution, any of which could be harmful
to our ability to generate revenues and our stock price.
Our most advanced product candidates in clinical trials rely on a single lead ISS compound, 1018
ISS, and most of our earlier stage programs rely on ISS-based technology. Serious adverse safety
data relating to either 1018 ISS or other ISS-based technology may require us to reduce the scope
of or discontinue our operations.
Our most advanced product candidates in clinical trials are based on our 1018 ISS compound,
and substantially all of our research and development programs use ISS-based technology. If any of
our product candidates in clinical trials produce serious adverse safety data, we may be required
to delay or discontinue all of our clinical trials. In addition, as all of our clinical product
candidates contain ISS, a common safety risk across therapeutic areas may hinder our ability to
enter into potential collaborations and if adverse safety data are found to apply to our ISS-based
technology as a whole, we may be required to significantly reduce or discontinue our operations.
We rely on third parties and our facility in Düsseldorf, Germany to supply materials necessary to
manufacture our clinical product candidates for our clinical trials and for fulfilling our
manufacturing obligations under our collaboration with Merck. Loss of these suppliers or key
employees in Düsseldorf, or failure to timely replace them may delay our clinical trials and
research and development efforts and may result in additional costs, delays or significantly higher
costs in manufacturing our product candidates or breach of our obligations under our Merck
collaboration.
We rely on a number of third parties and our facility in Düsseldorf for the multiple steps
involved in the manufacturing process of our product candidates, including, for example, ISS, a key
component material that is necessary for our product candidates, the combination of the antigens
and ISS, and the fill and finish. Termination or interruption of these relationships may occur due
to circumstances that are outside of our control, resulting in higher cost or delays in our product
development efforts.
We and these third parties are required to comply with applicable FDA current good
manufacturing practice regulations and other international regulatory requirements. If one of these
parties fails to maintain compliance with these regulations, the production of our product
candidates could be interrupted, resulting in delays and additional costs. Additionally, these
third parties and our manufacturing facility must undergo a pre-approval inspection before we can
obtain marketing authorization for any of our product candidates.
We have relied on a single supplier to produce our ISS for clinical trials. To date, we have
manufactured only small quantities of ISS ourselves for research purposes. If we were unable to
maintain or replace our existing source for ISS, we would have to establish internal ISS
manufacturing capability which would result in increased capital and operating costs and delays in
developing and commercializing our product candidates. We or other third parties may not be able to
produce ISS at a cost, quantity and quality that are available from our current third-party
supplier.
We currently utilize our facility in Düsseldorf to manufacture the hepatitis B surface antigen
for HEPLISAV, which is part of our collaboration with Merck & Co., Inc, or Merck. We are obligated
to manufacture, on behalf of Merck, HEPLISAV for clinical development and commercial quantities of
hepatitis B surface antigen until such time as we can effect the appropriate technology transfer to
Merck. Accordingly, we will have to allocate the entire capacity of our Düsseldorf facility to
meet our obligations under the Merck collaboration. Moreover, in order to meet our commercial
supply obligations to Merck, we expect to have to establish commercial-scale manufacturing
capability for HEPLISAV, which will involve increased capital and operating costs and the
assumption of risks associated with the construction, validation and operation of a new commercial
manufacturing facility as well as the continued operation of our existing facility. There can be
no assurance that we can successfully meet our supply obligations to Merck and maintain our
internal product candidate timelines and, if we undertake the establishment of a new commercial
manufacturing facility, that we can finance the capital costs and ongoing expenses that we would
need to undertake until or if HEPLISAV achieves commercial success. There also can be no assurance
that the cost of meeting our supply obligation to Merck will be covered by the negotiated supply
price.
We rely on contract research organizations to conduct our clinical trials. If these third parties
do not fulfill their contractual obligations or meet expected deadlines, our planned clinical
trials may be delayed and we may fail to obtain the regulatory approvals necessary to commercialize
our product candidates.
We rely on third parties to conduct our clinical trials. If these third parties do not perform
their obligations or meet expected
26
deadlines our planned clinical trials may be extended, delayed or terminated. Any extension,
delay or termination of our clinical trials would delay our ability to commercialize our products
and could have a material adverse effect on our business and operations.
If any products we develop are not accepted by the market or if regulatory agencies limit our
labeling indications or marketing claims, we may be unable to generate significant revenues, if
any.
Even if we obtain regulatory approval for our product candidates and are able to successfully
commercialize them, our products may not gain market acceptance among physicians, patients, health
care payors and the medical community. The FDA or other regulatory agencies could limit the
labeling indication for which our product candidates may be marketed or could otherwise limit
marketing efforts for our products. If we are unable to successfully market any approved product
candidates, or marketing efforts are restricted by regulatory limits, our ability to generate
revenues could be significantly impaired.
A key part of our business strategy is to establish collaborative relationships to commercialize
and fund development of our product candidates. We may not succeed in establishing and maintaining
collaborative relationships, which may significantly limit our ability to develop and commercialize
our products successfully, if at all.
We will need to establish collaborative relationships to obtain domestic and international
sales, marketing and distribution capabilities for our product candidates. We also intend to enter
into collaborative relationships to provide funding to support our research and development
programs. The process of establishing collaborative relationships is difficult, time-consuming and
involves significant uncertainty. Moreover, even if we do establish collaborative relationships,
our collaborators may seek to renegotiate or terminate their relationships with us due to
unsatisfactory clinical results, a change in business strategy, a change of control or other
reasons. If any collaborator fails to fulfill its responsibilities in a timely manner, or at all,
our research, clinical development or commercialization efforts related to that collaboration could
be delayed or terminated, or it may be necessary for us to assume responsibility for expenses or
activities that would otherwise have been the responsibility of our collaborator. If we are unable
to establish and maintain collaborative relationships on acceptable terms, we may have to delay or
discontinue further development of one or more of our product candidates, undertake development and
commercialization activities at our own expense or find alternative sources of capital.
In October 2007, we entered into a collaborative arrangement with Merck in which we and Merck
will further develop and commercialize HEPLISAV. Pursuant to the terms of the collaboration, we
are obligated to complete ongoing clinical studies, manufacture and supply on behalf of Merck, and
conduct technology transfer with respect to our existing HEPLISAV development program. Although we
will be reimbursed for specified development efforts and the delivery of clinical material to Merck
in the further development and commercialization of HEPLISAV, Merck controls the development and
commercialization plans for the product. There can be no assurance that we will successfully and
timely fulfill our obligations under the collaboration, that Merck may not develop or market a
potentially competitive product, or that HEPLISAV, even if successfully developed, can achieve
commercial success sufficient for us to achieve all of the milestones and royalties contemplated
under the collaborative arrangement.
Many of our competitors have greater financial resources and expertise than we do. If we are unable
to successfully compete with existing or potential competitors despite these disadvantages we may
be unable to generate revenues and our business will be harmed.
We compete with pharmaceutical companies, biotechnology companies, academic institutions and
research organizations, in developing therapies to treat or prevent infectious diseases, allergy,
asthma and cancer, as well as those focusing more generally on the immune system. Competitors may
develop more effective, more affordable or more convenient products or may achieve earlier patent
protection or commercialization of their products. These competitive products may render our
product candidates obsolete or limit our ability to generate revenues from our product candidates.
Many of the companies developing competing technologies and products have significantly greater
financial resources and expertise in research and development, manufacturing, preclinical and
clinical testing, obtaining regulatory approvals and marketing than we do.
Existing and potential competitors may also compete with us for qualified scientific and
management personnel, as well as for technology that would be advantageous to our business. If we
are unable to compete successfully, we may not be able to obtain financing, enter into
collaborative arrangements, sell our product candidates or generate revenues.
We depend on key employees in a competitive market for skilled personnel, and the loss of the
services of any of our key employees would affect our ability to develop and commercialize our
product candidates and achieve our objectives.
27
We are highly dependent on the principal members of our management, operations and scientific
staff, including our Chief Executive Officer, Dr. Dino Dina. We experience intense competition for
qualified personnel. Our future success also depends in part on the continued service of our
executive management team, key scientific and management personnel and our ability to recruit,
train and retain essential scientific personnel for our drug discovery and development programs,
including those who will be responsible for overseeing our preclinical testing and clinical trials
as well as for the establishment of collaborations with other companies. If we lose the services of
any key personnel, our research and product development goals, including the identification and
establishment of key collaborations, operations and marketing efforts could be delayed or
curtailed.
We may develop, seek regulatory approval for and market our product candidates outside the United
States, requiring a significant commitment of resources. Failure to successfully manage our
international operations could result in significant unanticipated costs and delays in regulatory
approval or commercialization of our product candidates.
We may introduce certain of our product candidates in various markets outside the United
States. Developing, seeking regulatory approval for and marketing our product candidates outside
the United States could impose substantial burdens on our resources and divert managements
attention from domestic operations. International operations are subject to risk, including:
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the difficulty of managing geographically distant operations, including recruiting and
retaining qualified employees, locating adequate facilities and establishing useful business
support relationships in the local community; |
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compliance with varying international regulatory requirements, laws and treaties; |
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securing international distribution, marketing and sales capabilities; |
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adequate protection of our intellectual property rights; |
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legal uncertainties and potential timing delays associated with tariffs, export licenses
and other trade barriers; |
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adverse tax consequences; |
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the fluctuation of conversion rates between foreign currencies and the U.S. dollar; and |
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regional and geopolitical risks. |
If we are unable to successfully manage our international operations, we may incur significant
unanticipated costs and delays in regulatory approval or commercialization of our product
candidates, which would impair our ability to generate revenues.
We rely on our licenses from the Regents of the University of California. Impairment of these
licenses or our inability to maintain them would severely harm our business.
Our current research and development efforts depend upon our license arrangements with the
Regents of the University of California, or UC. Our dependence on these licenses subjects us to
numerous risks, such as disputes regarding the creation or use of intellectual property by us and
UC, or scientific collaborators. Additionally, our agreements with UC generally contain diligence
or milestone-based termination provisions. Our failure to meet any obligations pursuant to these
provisions could allow UC to terminate our agreements or convert exclusive to non-exclusive
licenses. In addition, our license agreements with UC may be terminated or may expire by their
terms, and we may not be able to maintain the exclusivity of these licenses. If we cannot maintain
licenses that are advantageous or necessary to the development or the commercialization of our
product candidates, we may be required to expend significant time and resources to develop or
license similar technology.
If third parties successfully assert that we have infringed their patents and proprietary rights or
challenge the validity of our patents and proprietary rights, we may become involved in
intellectual property disputes and litigation that would be costly, time consuming, and delay or
prevent development or commercialization of our product candidates.
We may be exposed to future litigation by third parties based on claims that our product
candidates or proprietary technologies infringe their intellectual property rights, or we may be
required to enter into litigation to enforce patents issued or licensed to us or to determine the
scope or validity of our or another partys proprietary rights, including a challenge as to the
validity of our issued and pending claims. We are involved in various interference and other
administrative proceedings related to our intellectual property which has caused us to incur
certain legal expenses. If we become involved in any litigation and/or other significant
interference
28
proceedings related to our intellectual property or the intellectual property of others, we
will incur substantial additional expenses and it will divert the efforts of our technical and
management personnel.
If we or our collaborators are unsuccessful in defending or prosecuting our issued and pending
claims or in defending potential claims against our products, for example, as may arise in the
commercialization of HEPLISAV or any similar product candidate in the United States, we or our
collaborator could be required to pay substantial damages or be unable to commercialize our product
candidates or use our proprietary technologies without a license from such third party. A license
may require the payment of substantial fees or royalties, require a grant of a cross-license to our
technology or may not be available on acceptable terms, if at all. In addition, we may be required
to redesign our technology so it does not infringe a third partys patents, which may not be
possible or could require substantial funds and time. Any of these outcomes could require us to
change our business strategy and could materially impact our business and operations.
One of our potential competitors, Coley, has issued U.S. patent claims, as well as patent
claims pending with the U.S. Patent and Trademark Office, or PTO, that may be asserted against our
ISS products. We may need to obtain a license to one or more of these patent claims held by Coley
by paying fees or royalties or offering rights to our own proprietary technologies in order to
commercialize one or more of our formulations of ISS in the U.S. other than with respect to
HEPLISAV. Such a license may not be available to us on acceptable terms, if at all, which could
preclude or limit our ability to commercialize our products.
If the combination of patents, trade secrets and contractual provisions that we rely on to protect
our intellectual property is inadequate, the value of our product candidates will decrease.
Our success depends on our ability to:
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obtain and protect commercially valuable patents or the rights to patents both
domestically and abroad; |
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operate without infringing upon the proprietary rights of others; and |
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prevent others from successfully challenging or infringing our proprietary rights. |
We will be able to protect our proprietary rights from unauthorized use only to the extent
that these rights are covered by valid and enforceable patents or are effectively maintained as
trade secrets. We try to protect our proprietary rights by filing and prosecuting United States and
foreign patent applications. However, in certain cases such protection may be limited, depending in
part on existing patents held by third parties, which may only allow us to obtain relatively narrow
patent protection. In the United States, legal standards relating to the validity and scope of
patent claims in the biopharmaceutical field can be highly uncertain, are still evolving and
involve complex legal and factual questions for which important legal principles remain unresolved.
The biopharmaceutical patent environment outside the United States is even more uncertain. We
may be particularly affected by this uncertainty since several of our product candidates may
initially address market opportunities outside the United States, where we may only be able to
obtain limited patent protection.
The risks and uncertainties that we face with respect to our patents and other proprietary
rights include the following:
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we might not receive an issued patent for any of our patent applications or for any
patent applications that we have exclusively licensed; |
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the pending patent applications we have filed or to which we have exclusive rights may
take longer than we expect to result in issued patents; |
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the claims of any patents that are issued may not provide meaningful protection or may
not be valid or enforceable; |
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we might not be able to develop additional proprietary technologies that are patentable; |
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the patents licensed or issued to us or our collaborators may not provide a competitive
advantage; |
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patents issued to other parties may limit our intellectual property protection or harm
our ability to do business; |
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other parties may independently develop similar or alternative technologies or duplicate
our technologies and commercialize discoveries that we attempt to patent; and |
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other parties may design around technologies we have licensed, patented or developed. |
We also rely on trade secret protection and confidentiality agreements to protect our
interests in proprietary know-how that is not patentable and for processes for which patents are
difficult to enforce. We cannot be certain that we will be able to protect our trade secrets
adequately. Any disclosure of confidential data in the public domain or to third parties could
allow our competitors to learn our trade secrets. If we are unable to adequately obtain or enforce
proprietary rights we may be unable to commercialize our products, enter into collaborations,
generate revenues or maintain any advantage we may have with respect to existing or potential
competitors.
OurTLR9 allergy program, including the development of TOLAMBA, relies on debt funding that is
accessible only on the achievement of specified development milestones. We may not be able to
achieve the milestones in a timely manner and as a result may not receive or have access to
sufficient funding to continue further development of TOLAMBA. Even if we achieve such milestones,
we will be obligated to repay up to $30 million in July 2010 and we may not have sufficient funds
to pay such amounts upon maturity.
In July 2007, we entered into a funding arrangement with Deerfield Management, including its
Affiliates, Deerfield, to support our further development of our allergy product programs,
including TOLAMBA. Our continued access to the funding is dependent upon our successful achievement
of specified milestones in a timely manner. There can be no assurance that TOLAMBA will be entered
into planned clinical studies or successfully achieve the planned end points, and failure to
successfully further develop TOLAMBA according to our current clinical plans may result in the
termination of further development efforts. Moreover, even if we achieve the planned clinical
results, we will be required to issue an additional warrants to purchase up to 3,000,000 shares of
our Common Stock and repay outstanding loans to Deerfield. We may be required to enter into a
financing arrangement or license arrangement with one or more third parties, or some combination of
these in order to repay the loan at maturity. There can be no assurance that any financing or
licensing arrangement will be available or even if available, that the terms would be favorable to
us and our stockholders.
We have licensed some of our development and commercialization rights to certain of our development
programs in connection with our Symphony Dynamo funding arrangement and will not receive any future
royalties or revenues with respect to this intellectual property unless we exercise an option to
repurchase some or all of the programs in the future. We may not obtain sufficient clinical data in
order to determine whether we should exercise our option prior to the expiration of the development
period, and even if we decide to exercise, we may not have the financial resources to exercise our
option in a timely manner.
In April 2006, we granted an exclusive license to the intellectual property for certain ISS
compounds for cancer, hepatitis B and hepatitis C therapeutics to Symphony Dynamo, Inc., or SDI, in
consideration for a commitment from Symphony Capital Partners, LP and certain of its affiliates, or
Symphony, and its co-investors to provide $50 million of committed capital to advance these
programs. As part of the arrangement, we received an option granting us the exclusive right, but
not the obligation, to acquire certain or all of the programs at specified points in time at
specified prices during the term of the five-year development period. The development programs
under the arrangement are jointly managed by SDI and us, and there can be no assurance that we will
agree on various decisions that will enable us to successfully develop the potential products, or
even if we are in agreement on the development plans, that the development efforts will result in
sufficient clinical data to make a fully informed decision with respect to the exercise of our
option. If we do not exercise the purchase option prior to its expiration, then our rights in and
with respect to the SDI programs will terminate and we will no longer have rights to any of the
programs licensed to SDI under the arrangement. In April 2007, we exercised our option for the
hepatitis B program. The exercise of this program option triggers a payment obligation of $15
million to Symphony upon the expiration of the SDI collaboration in 2011 if the purchase option for
all programs is not exercised.
If we elect to exercise the purchase option, we will be required to make a substantial
payment, which at our election may be paid partially in shares of our common stock. As a result, in
order to exercise the option, we will be required to make a substantial payment of cash and
possibly issue a substantial number of shares of our common stock. We do not currently have the
resources to exercise the option and we may be required to enter into a financing arrangement or
license arrangement with one or more third parties, or some combination of these in order to
exercise the option, even if we paid a portion of the purchase price with our common stock. There
can be no assurance that any financing or licensing arrangement will be available or even if
available, that the terms would be favorable to us and our stockholders. In addition, the exercise
of the purchase option will likely require us to record a significant charge to earnings and may
adversely impact future operating results.
30
We face product liability exposure, which, if not covered by insurance, could result in significant
financial liability.
While we have not experienced any product liability claims to date, the use of any of our
product candidates in clinical trials and the sale of any approved products will subject us to
potential product liability claims and may raise questions about a products safety and efficacy.
As a result, we could experience a delay in our ability to commercialize one or more of our product
candidates or reduced sales of any approved product candidates. In addition, a product liability
claim may exceed the limits of our insurance policies and exhaust our internal resources. We have
obtained limited product liability insurance coverage in the amount of $1 million for each
occurrence for clinical trials with umbrella coverage of an additional $4 million. This coverage
may not be adequate or may not continue to be available in sufficient amounts, at an acceptable
cost or at all. We also may not be able to obtain commercially reasonable product liability
insurance for any product approved for marketing in the future. A product liability claim, product
recalls or other claims, as well as any claims for uninsured liabilities or in excess of insured
liabilities, would divert our managements attention from our business and could result in
significant financial liability.
We face uncertainty related to coverage, pricing and reimbursement and the practices of third party
payors, which may make it difficult or impossible to sell our product candidates on commercially
reasonable terms.
In both domestic and foreign markets, our ability to achieve profitability will depend in part
on the negotiation of a favorable price or the availability of appropriate reimbursement from third
party payors. Existing laws affecting the pricing and coverage of pharmaceuticals and other medical
products by government programs and other third party payors may change before any of our product
candidates are approved for marketing. In addition, third party payors are increasingly challenging
the price and cost-effectiveness of medical products and services. Because we intend to offer
products, if approved, that involve new technologies and new approaches to treating disease, the
willingness of third party payors to reimburse for our products is particularly uncertain. We will
have to charge a price for our products that is sufficiently high to enable us to recover our
considerable investment in product development. Adequate third-party reimbursement may not be
available to enable us to maintain price levels sufficient to achieve profitability and could harm
our future prospects and reduce our stock price.
We use hazardous materials in our business. Any claims or liabilities relating to improper
handling, storage or disposal of these materials could be time consuming and costly to resolve.
Our research and product development activities involve the controlled storage, use and
disposal of hazardous and radioactive materials and biological waste. We are subject to federal,
state and local laws and regulations governing the use, manufacture, storage, handling and disposal
of these materials and certain waste products. We are currently in compliance with all government
permits that are required for the storage, use and disposal of these materials. However, we cannot
eliminate the risk of accidental contamination or injury to persons or property from these
materials. In the event of an accident related to hazardous materials, we could be held liable for
damages, cleanup costs or penalized with fines, and this liability could exceed the limits of our
insurance policies and exhaust our internal resources. We may have to incur significant costs to
comply with future environmental laws and regulations.
Our stock price is subject to volatility, and your investment may suffer a decline in value.
The market prices for securities of biopharmaceutical companies have in the past been, and are
likely to continue in the future to be, very volatile. The market price of our common stock is
subject to substantial volatility depending upon many factors, many of which are beyond our
control, including:
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progress or results of any of our clinical trials or regulatory efforts, in particular
any announcements regarding the progress or results of our planned trials; |
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our ability to establish and maintain collaborations for the development and
commercialization of our product candidates; |
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our ability to raise additional capital to fund our operations; |
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technological innovations, new commercial products or drug discovery efforts and
preclinical and clinical activities by us or our competitors; |
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changes in our intellectual property portfolio or developments or disputes concerning the
proprietary rights of our products or product candidates; |
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our ability to obtain component materials and successfully enter into manufacturing
relationships for our product candidates or establish manufacturing capacity on our own; |
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our ability to enter into and maintain collaborations; |
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maintenance of our existing exclusive licensing agreements with the Regents of the
University of California; |
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changes in government regulations, general economic conditions, industry announcements; |
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issuance of new or changed securities analysts reports or recommendations; |
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actual or anticipated fluctuations in our quarterly financial and operating results; and |
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volume of trading in our common stock |
One or more of these factors could cause a decline in the price of our common stock. In
addition, securities class action litigation has often been brought against a company following a
decline in the market price of its securities. This risk is especially relevant for us because we
have experienced greater than average stock price volatility, as have other biotechnology companies
in recent years. We may in the future be the target of similar litigation. Securities litigation
could result in substantial costs, and divert managements attention and resources, which could
harm our business, operating results and financial conditions.
Anti-takeover provisions of our certificate of incorporation, bylaws and Delaware law may prevent
or frustrate a change in control, even if an acquisition would be beneficial to our stockholders,
which could affect our stock price adversely and prevent attempts by our stockholders to replace or
remove our current management.
Provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws may delay or prevent a change in
control, discourage bids at a premium over the market price of our common stock and adversely
affect the market price of our common stock and the voting or other rights of the holders of our
common stock. These provisions include:
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authorizing our Board of Directors to issue additional preferred stock with voting rights
to be determined by the Board of Directors; |
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limiting the persons who can call special meetings of stockholders; |
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prohibiting stockholder actions by written consent; |
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creating a classified board of directors pursuant to which our directors are elected for
staggered three year terms; |
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providing that a supermajority vote of our stockholders is required for amendment to
certain provisions of our certificate of incorporation and bylaws; and |
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establishing advance notice requirements for nominations for election to our Board of
Directors or for proposing matters that can be acted on by stockholders at stockholder
meetings. |
In addition, we are subject to the provisions of the Delaware corporation law that, in
general, prohibit any business combination with a beneficial owner of 15% or more of our common
stock for five years unless the holders acquisition of our stock was approved in advance by our
Board of Directors.
We will continue to implement additional financial and accounting systems, procedures or controls
as we grow our business and organization and to satisfy new reporting requirements.
We are required to comply with the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 and the related rules and
regulations of the SEC. Compliance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002, or Section
404, and other requirements may increase our costs and require additional management resources. We
may need to continue to implement additional finance and accounting systems, procedures and
controls as we grow our business and organization and to comply with new reporting requirements.
Specifically, we have integrated the operations, technologies, products and personnel of Dynavax
Europe into our operations and Dynavax Europes operations will be required to be included in our
assessment of internal controls over financial reporting under Section 404 by the end of 2007.
There can be no assurance that we will be able to maintain a favorable assessment as to the
adequacy of our internal control over financial
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reporting. If we are unable to reach an unqualified assessment, or our independent auditors
are unable to issue an unqualified attestation as to the effectiveness of our internal controls
over financial reporting, investors could lose confidence in the reliability of our financial
reporting which could harm our business and could impact the price of our common stock.
ITEM 2. UNREGISTERED SALES OF EQUITY SECURITIES AND USE OF PROCEEDS
None.
ITEM 3. DEFAULTS UPON SENIOR SECURITIES
None.
ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS
None.
ITEM 5. OTHER INFORMATION
None.
ITEM 6. EXHIBITS
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Exhibit Number |
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Document |
10.33
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Loan Agreement, dated July 18, 2007, between Deerfield Private design Fund, L.P., Deerfield
Special Situations Fund, L.P, Deerfield Special Situations Fund International Limited and
Deerfield Private Design International. L.P., and Dynavax Technologies Corporation |
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31.1
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Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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31.2
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Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 302 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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32.1
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Certification of Chief Executive Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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32.2
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Certification of Chief Financial Officer pursuant to Section 906 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. |
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We have been granted confidential treatment with respect to certain portions of this
agreement. Omitted portions have been filed separately with the Securities and Exchange
Commission. |
33
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934,
the Registrant has caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto due
authorized, in the City of Berkeley, State of California.
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DYNAVAX TECHNOLOGIES CORPORATION
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Date: November 6, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ DINO DINA, M.D.
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Dino Dina, M.D. |
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President, Chief Executive
Officer and Director
(Principal Executive Officer) |
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Date: November 6, 2007 |
By: |
/s/ DEBORAH A. SMELTZER
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Deborah A. Smeltzer |
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Vice President, Operations and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial Officer) |
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34