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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
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FORM 10-K
(Mark One)
[X]ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE
ACT OF 1934
For the fiscal year ended December 31, 2000
OR
[_]TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES
EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from to
Commission File Number 0-30959
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RITA MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in this charter)
Delaware 94-3199149
(State or other jurisdiction of (I.R.S. Employer
incorporation or organization) Identification No.)
967 N. Shoreline Blvd.
Mountain View, CA 95035
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
Registrant's telephone number, including area code: 650-314-3400
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Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
Common Stock Nasdaq National Market
Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
Common Stock
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Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports
required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period than the
registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to
such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [X] NO [_]
Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item
405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to
the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information
statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any
amendment to this Form 10-K. [_]
The aggregate market value of the voting stock held by non-affiliates of
the registrant was approximately $15,771,679 as of March 12, 2001, based upon
the closing sale price on the Nasdaq National Market reported for such date.
Shares of Common Stock held by each officer and director and by each person
who owns 5% or more of the outstanding Common Stock have been excluded in that
such persons may be deemed to be affiliates. This determination of affiliate
status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.
There were 14,370,098 shares of the registrant's Common Stock issued and
outstanding as of March 12, 2001.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE
Part III incorporates information by reference from the definitive proxy
statement for the 2001 Annual Meeting of Stockholders to be held on June 13,
2001.
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PART I
Item 1. Business.
Overview
We are a medical device company that develops, manufactures and markets
minimally invasive products to treat patients with solid cancerous or benign
tumors. Our proprietary system uses radiofrequency energy to heat tissue to a
high enough temperature to ablate it, or cause cell death. The RITA system
includes radiofrequency generators and a family of disposable needle electrode
devices that deliver controlled thermal energy to the targeted tissue.
We are currently focused on addressing the liver cancer market, and we
believe our system offers a viable option to patients who previously had few or
no effective alternatives. We estimate that the worldwide market opportunity
for the radiofrequency ablation of unresectable liver cancer is approximately
$500 million annually. In addition to liver cancer, we believe that our
minimally invasive technology may in the future be applied to the treatment of
other types of cancerous or benign tumors, including tumors of the lung, bone,
breast, prostate and kidney. We believe the market opportunity for these
additional applications exceeds $1 billion annually.
We have received regulatory clearance for sale in major markets worldwide,
including the United States. In March 2000, RITA became the first
radiofrequency ablation company to receive specific FDA clearance for
unresectable liver lesions in addition to its previous general FDA clearance
for the ablation of soft tissue. Our system is distributed in the United States
through our direct sales force and internationally through distribution
partners. Since our product launch, we have sold over 20,000 disposable
devices.
RITA has a broad patent portfolio. As of March 12, 2001, we had 36 issued
patents, one notice of allowance and 40 United States and foreign patent
applications pending. The issued and allowed patents cover, among other things,
deployable multi-array electrode technology and temperature feedback
technology.
Market Opportunity
Cancer Market
Millions of people throughout the world are afflicted with cancer. Only
heart disease kills more people in the United States every year.
Cancer can be categorized into two broad groups: solid tumor cancers, such
as liver, lung, bone, breast, prostate and kidney cancers as well as
hematologic or blood-borne cancers, such as lymphomas and leukemias.
Approximately 90 percent of all cancers are solid tumor cancers.
Liver Cancer Market
There are two forms of liver cancer: primary and metastatic. Primary liver
cancer originates in the liver. Secondary, or metastatic, liver cancer
originates elsewhere in the body and spreads to the liver. A significant number
of patients treated for primary and metastatic liver cancer experience a
recurrence of their disease.
The worldwide incidence of primary liver cancer is estimated to be one
million new patients each year. The vast majority of primary liver cancer
patients are located outside the United States, particularly in Asia and
Southern Europe. Approximately 90 percent of patients diagnosed with primary
liver cancer will die within five years. Due to a rise in the number of
worldwide cases of Hepatitis B and C, both of which are correlated to the
development of primary liver cancer, we believe that the incidence of primary
liver cancer may increase in the future.
It is estimated that there are almost as many cases of metastatic liver
cancer worldwide as there are cases of primary liver cancer and approximately
300,000 annual cases in the United States alone. The liver is one of
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the most common sites for the spread of cancer. For example, one of the most
common forms of primary cancer is colorectal cancer, and approximately 60
percent of these patients will develop metastatic liver tumors. Due to numerous
factors, including the absence of viable treatment options, metastatic liver
cancer often causes death.
Treatment Options for Liver Cancer
The prognosis for primary and secondary liver cancer is poor. Although
limited treatment options are currently available for liver cancer, they are
typically ineffective, are generally associated with significant side effects
and can even cause death. Traditional treatment options include surgery,
chemotherapy, cryosurgery, percutaneous ethanol injection and radiation
therapy.
Surgery
While surgery is considered the "gold standard" treatment option to address
liver tumors, approximately 70 to 90 percent of liver cancer patients are
unresectable, which means they do not qualify for surgery. This is most often
due to the following:
. Operative risk: limited liver function or poor patient health threatens
survival as a result of the surgery; or
. Technical feasibility: the proximity of a cancerous tumor to a critical
organ or artery, or the size, location on the liver or number of tumors
makes surgery infeasible.
For the few patients who qualify for surgery, there are significant
complications related to the procedure and the operative mortality rate is two
percent. One-year recurrence rates following surgery have been reported to be
as low as 12 percent; however, when tumors recur, surgery typically cannot be
repeated.
Chemotherapy
Chemotherapy uses drugs to kill cancer cells. Chemotherapy can be used
systemically or locally. In systemic chemotherapy, drugs are delivered
throughout the body. In local chemotherapy, drugs are delivered directly to the
liver tumor. Systemic chemotherapy is not considered an effective means of
treating liver cancer. In some cases, treatment regimens using localized
chemotherapy in addition to systemic treatment have been reported to increase
the efficacy of these alternatives to a limited extent.
Chemotherapy causes significant side effects in the majority of patients,
including loss of appetite, nausea and vomiting, hair loss and ulcerations of
the mouth. In addition, chemotherapy can damage the blood-producing cells of
the bone marrow, leading to a low blood cell count. As a result, chemotherapy
patients have an increased chance of infection, bleeding or bruising after
minor cuts or injuries, and fatigue or shortness of breath.
Cryosurgery
Cryosurgery is the destruction of cancer cells using sub-zero temperatures
in an open surgical procedure. During cryosurgery, multiple stainless steel
probes are placed into the center of the tumor and liquid nitrogen is
circulated through the end of the device, creating an ice ball. Cryosurgery
involves a cycle of treatments in which the tumor is frozen, allowed to thaw
and then refrozen.
While cryosurgery is considered to be relatively effective with one-year
local recurrence rates of approximately 10 percent, we believe adoption of this
procedure has been limited by the following factors:
. it is not an option for patients who cannot tolerate an open surgical
procedure;
. it involves significant complications which are similar to other open
surgical procedures, as well as liver fracture and hemorrhaging caused by
the cycle of freezing and thawing;
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. it is associated with mortality rates estimated to be between one and
five percent; and
. it is expensive compared to other alternatives.
Percutaneous Ethanol Injection
Percutaneous ethanol injection, or PEI, involves the injection of alcohol
into the center of the tumor. The alcohol causes cells to dry out and cellular
proteins to disintegrate, ultimately leading to tumor cell death.
While PEI can be successful in treating some patients with primary liver
cancer and has a reported one-year local recurrence rate of approximately 13
percent, it is generally considered ineffective on large tumors as well as
metastatic tumors. Patients are required to receive multiple treatments, making
this option unattractive for many patients. Complications include pain and
alcohol introduction to bile ducts and major blood vessels. In addition, this
procedure can cause cancer cells to be deposited along the needle tract when
the needle is withdrawn.
Radiation Therapy
Radiation therapy uses high dose x-rays to kill cancer cells. Radiation
therapy is not considered an effective means of treating liver cancer and is
rarely used for this purpose.
The RITA Solution
Our Procedure
Our proprietary system is designed to use radiofrequency energy to provide a
minimally invasive approach to ablating solid cancerous or benign tumors. Our
system delivers radiofrequency energy to raise the temperature of cells above
45 to 50(degrees)C, causing cellular death.
The physician inserts the RITA disposable needle electrode device into the
target body tissue, typically under ultrasound guidance. Once the device is
inserted, pushing on the handle of the device causes a group of curved wires to
be deployed from the tip of the electrode. When the power is turned on, these
wires deliver radiofrequency energy throughout the tumor. In addition,
temperature sensors on the tips of the wires measure tissue temperature
throughout the procedure. During the procedure, our system automatically
adjusts the amount of energy delivered in order to maintain the temperature
necessary to ablate the targeted tissue. For a typical three-centimeter
ablation, the ablation process takes approximately ten minutes. When the
ablation is complete, pulling back on the handle of the device causes the
curved wire array to be retracted into the device so it can be removed from the
body. Our disposable device cauterizes the tissue along the needle tract, which
we believe kills any residual cancer cells that might be removed from the
tumor.
Benefits of the RITA System
The benefits of our system include:
. Effective Treatment Option. We believe that our system provides an
effective treatment option to liver cancer patients who previously had
few options available to effectively address their unresectable liver
tumors. In the future, our system may offer patients with other types of
tumors a better treatment option.
. Minimally Invasive Procedure. The RITA system offers physicians an
effective minimally invasive treatment option with few side effects or
complications. Our products can be used in an outpatient procedure that
requires only local anesthesia, and patients are typically sent home the
same day with a small bandage over the entry site. Alternatively,
patients can be treated laparoscopically and are generally sent home the
next day. Compared to existing alternatives, we believe our minimally
invasive procedure is cost effective and can result in reduced hospital
stays.
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. Proprietary Array Design and Temperature Feedback Provide Procedural
Control. Our array design enables the physician to predictably ablate
large volumes of targeted tissue. In addition, our temperature feedback
feature allows physicians to ensure that the temperature is high enough
throughout the tissue to achieve cell death.
. Repeat Treatments Possible. Liver cancer is a recurrent disease. However,
due to the invasive nature of other treatment options, the majority of
patients who undergo traditional therapies cannot be retreated in the
event that new tumors appear on their livers. Because of the minimally
invasive nature of our procedure, patients treated with our system can
often be retreated.
. Broadly Applicable Technology. Our extensive clinical experience with
liver tumors and feasibility studies in other organs indicates that our
technology may in the future be broadly applied to the ablative treatment
of solid tumors in the lung, bone, breast, prostate and kidney.
While there are numerous benefits of our system, there are some side effects
of treatment as well. Published reports on the use of the RITA system indicate
low overall complication rates. These include ground-pad burns, which are burns
that can occur when there is a concentration of heat at the ground-pad site,
bleeding and abscesses. Studies have also shown some recurrence of tumors
following treatment with our system. However, in many cases where tumors recur,
our procedure can be repeated.
Our Business Strategy
Our goal is to be the leading provider of minimally invasive devices for the
treatment of solid cancerous or benign tumors. To achieve this goal, we plan to
do the following:
. Increase Our Penetration of the Liver Cancer Market. We believe we can
capitalize on the opportunity to increase our penetration of the market
for the radiofrequency ablation of unresectable liver tumors, which is
currently estimated to be $500 million annually. We intend to execute
this strategy by doing the following:
- increase awareness among key physicians through sales, marketing and
training programs;
- publish additional clinical research to provide data supporting the
expanded use of our products;
- drive patient awareness with marketing efforts and an expanded Internet
site focused on educating patients on the benefits of the RITA system;
and
- broaden our market coverage by expanding our domestic direct sales
force and international distribution channels.
. Expand the Application of Our Proprietary Technology to Markets Beyond
Liver Cancer. We believe our minimally invasive proprietary technology
can be broadly applied to the treatment of other types of cancerous and
benign tumors, including tumors in the lung, bone, breast, prostate and
kidney. We plan to build on our extensive clinical experience in liver
tumors as well as feasibility studies in additional organs to support the
extension of our technology to additional applications in the future. We
estimate that the market for these additional applications exceeds $1
billion annually.
. Continue to Advance Technology. We intend to aggressively pursue ongoing
research and development of additional products and technologies. We plan
to continue to expand and improve our product offerings to better serve
patients with solid cancerous or benign tumors whose needs are not met by
existing treatments. Examples of these efforts include:
- further enhancements of ablation technologies; and
- technologies for the improved visualization of tissue during the
ablation process.
. Capitalize on the Significant Opportunity in International Markets. Liver
cancer is one of the leading causes of death in a number of international
markets. We plan to continue to devote substantial clinical and marketing
support to existing international distributors and to identify new
distributors in additional markets.
5
Our Technology and Products
Technology
All of our products are based on our proprietary radiofrequency technology
that is used to ablate tissue in a controlled manner. A radiofrequency
generator supplies energy through our disposable device placed within the
targeted tissue. Our devices contain curved, space-filling arrays of wires
which are deployed from the tip to allow the radiofrequency energy to be
dispersed throughout the tumor.
Radiofrequency energy supplied by the generator produces ionic agitation, or
cellular friction, in the tissue closely surrounding the electrode. This
friction produces heat that can be used to predictably ablate volumes of
tissue. To effectively ablate tissue, it must be heated to an approximate
temperature of 45 to 50(degrees)C, or 113 to 122(degrees)F.
Our system is designed to permit the physician to set the desired treatment
time and temperature at the beginning of the procedure. Once that temperature
is reached, our proprietary temperature control technology automatically
adjusts the energy supplied from the generator to maintain the optimal
temperature within the tissue during the course of the procedure. We believe
our system has the potential to provide a more effective ablation than
competing technologies by providing critical tissue temperature feedback during
the procedure.
Products
The RITA system consists of a radiofrequency generator and a family of
disposable devices. The following chart summarizes our product offerings.
Year of U.S. List
Product Name Description Introduction Price
Disposable Devices: Model 30 Creates a 3-centimeter 1997 $900
ablation. Compatible
with the Model 500
generator.
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Model 70 Creates a scalable 2- to 1999 $1,100
3-centimeter ablation.
Compatible with the
Model 500 generator.
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StarBurst Creates a scalable 2- to 2000 $1,100
3-centimeter ablation.
Compatible with the
Model 1500 generator.
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StarBurst XL Creates a scalable 3- to 2000 $1,440
5-centimeter ablation.
Compatible with the
Model 1500 generator.
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Generators: Model 500 50 Watt generator 1997 $30,000
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Model 1500 150 Watt generator 2000 $37,500
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Disposable Devices
Our disposable devices all consist of needle shaped electrodes containing
curved wire arrays that are deployed into the targeted body tissue. Each device
contains several thermocouples, or temperature sensors, which provide feedback
to the physician of the tissue temperature during the ablation and which allow
the generator to automatically adjust the amount of radiofrequency energy so
that the desired tissue temperature can be achieved.
Our disposable devices are available in different array sizes to allow the
physician to create a spherical ablation volume of anywhere from two to three
or from three to five centimeters. Three centimeters is slightly
6
smaller than a ping-pong ball. Five centimeters is approximately the size of a
billiard ball. In addition, each of the devices is available in 15- or 25-
centimeter lengths to allow physicians to access tumors that are located more
or less deeply within the body. Each disposable device is supplied with one or
more ground pads to allow a return path for the flow of radiofrequency energy
from the patient back to the generator.
Generators
All of our generators employ an internal computer to assist the physician in
safely and effectively controlling the delivery of radiofrequency during the
ablation. In addition, each generator has a display to convey information to
the physician while using the system. Our Model 1500 generator has the ability,
using optional software running on a laptop computer, to display real-time,
color-coded graphs of power, temperature and impedance to aid the user in
controlling the system and to collect procedural information for the patient's
record.
Sales and Marketing
We have a geographically diverse customer base which includes the United
States, Europe and Asia. Our customers include surgical oncologists,
hepatobiliary surgeons, liver transplant surgeons, laparoscopists and
interventional radiologists. We also target patient referral sources, including
colorectal surgeons and medical oncologists.
In the United States we market our products through a direct sales force of
15 sales representatives and three regional managers. Overseas we market our
products through distribution partners. To date, we have entered into
agreements with distributors in 21 countries including the major countries in
Europe and Asia. RITA has three full-time sales managers who are responsible
for directing, supporting and monitoring our international distributors'
activities. We plan to selectively expand our United States direct sales force
and our network of international distributors in 2001.
Our marketing and sales efforts are directed at placing generators at key
cancer centers and other leading medical centers worldwide and then working
with those centers' physicians to increase their usage of our disposable
devices. We recognize that our predominant source of recurring revenue will be
from our disposable devices, which can only be used once a generator is placed.
To facilitate generator placement at medical centers, we have established a
variety of programs, including long- or short-term loan, preferred customer
discount, and leasing referral programs.
We plan to continue to drive physician adoption by increasing awareness of
the RITA system among potential users. We have established relationships with
leading physicians at prominent cancer and other leading medical institutions,
many of whom we believe are now strong advocates of our products. To increase
adoption of our system, we are involving these physicians in formal courses,
doctor-to-doctor preceptorship programs and hands-on training programs. We also
offer programs to assist our customers in marketing the benefits of the RITA
system to referring clinical oncologists and colorectal surgeons. In addition,
since cancer treatment options are often affected by patient choice, we plan to
expand public awareness of our products using both marketing materials and a
new patient education Internet site.
Clinical Research
To date, there have been over 35 publications in peer-reviewed journals on
clinical studies using our products. An additional eight articles appeared in
the November/December 2000 Special Supplement of The Cancer Journal. Over 45
abstracts on our products have been presented at medical conferences. These
published and presented reports include over 500 patients. The majority of
these clinical studies have been conducted on patients with unresectable liver
cancer. These studies have demonstrated that liver tumors can be ablated safely
and effectively using the RITA system. In addition, clinicians have
investigated or are currently investigating the feasibility of using our system
to address other types of cancer, including tumors of the breast, lung, bone,
prostate and kidney.
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In the area of unresectable liver tumors there have been over 25 published
reports on the use of the RITA system. Of the initial seven reports that
included follow-up data, local tumor recurrence rates ranged from 0 percent to
55 percent with an average of 14 percent local recurrence. Serious
complications were rare and overall complication rates were low.
In the area of breast tumors, a presentation was made at the Radiological
Society of North America annual conference in November 2000. Data were
presented from the first ten patients in a feasibility study at the MD Anderson
Cancer Center showing that complete tumor destruction had been achieved. Human
feasibility studies of lung and bone tumors were initiated in late in 2000, and
we plan to complete feasibility work and hope to initiate follow-on safety and
efficacy studies in late 2001.
Competition
The medical device industry is subject to intense competition. Accordingly,
our future success will depend on our ability to meet the clinical needs of
physicians, improve patient outcomes and remain cost-effective for payors.
There are a limited number of treatment alternatives available to patients with
liver cancer. The traditional treatment options include surgery, chemotherapy,
cryosurgery, percutaneous ethanol injections and radiation therapy. We do not
believe any of these treatments are directly competitive with our products, as
none are intended to use heat to ablate liver lesions. Further, these
treatments generally have limited efficacy and/or applicability.
RadioTherapeutics Corporation, a privately held company, and Radionics, a
division of Tyco International, are the two companies whose products compete
directly with ours in the United States and overseas. Both companies offer
systems that include a generator and disposable electrodes and use
radiofrequency energy to ablate soft tissue. However, neither system is
designed to provide physicians with the temperature feedback throughout the
tissue that we believe is important to help ensure successful tissue ablation.
We believe the principal competitive factors in our markets are:
. improved patient outcomes;
. the publication of favorable peer-reviewed clinical studies;
. acceptance by leading physicians;
. ease of use of our generators and electrode devices;
. sales and marketing capability;
. reimbursement levels to customers;
. regulatory approvals;
. timing and acceptance of product innovation;
. patent protection;
. product quality and reliability; and
. cost effectiveness.
While there are small international companies using radiofrequency
technology to treat cancer, we do not expect these companies to establish a
meaningful presence in our market in the near future. If companies that
currently sell products that utilize radiofrequency energy enter our market,
competition could increase.
Third-Party Reimbursement
Establishing reimbursement for any new technology is a challenge in the
current environment of cost containment and managed care. Currently hospitals
are reimbursed for procedures using our products based on
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established general reimbursement codes. Physicians submit a patient case
history and data supporting the applicability of our system to the patient's
condition in order to obtain reimbursement. To date, we believe most of our
physician and hospital customers in the United States have been successful in
obtaining substantial reimbursement from third-party payors of the costs
related to our procedure. The American Medical Association has recently
approved specific reimbursement codes for open, laparoscopic and percutaneous
liver tumor ablation procedures that will apply beginning in 2002. The exact
terminology has not been established and will not be known until the 2002
reimbursement codes are published. While the approval of specific reimbursement
codes will not require insurance providers to reimburse physicians for
procedures using our products, they will eliminate the need for extra
supporting documentation and simplify the process for hospitals and physicians
to obtain reimbursement.
Outside the United States, reimbursement procedures and policies are
country-specific. We believe physicians in our international markets have
generally been successful in obtaining reimbursement for procedures using our
products. However, in countries where specific reimbursement codes are strictly
required and have not yet been issued, reimbursement has been denied on that
basis. In conjunction with our distributors, we are pursuing strategies to
address reimbursement issues in international markets.
Product Development
We believe that we have a strong base of proprietary design, development and
manufacturing capabilities. We have particular expertise in the core research
and development areas relevant to the production of new disposable electrode
devices for use in conjunction with our radiofrequency generators. We are
working on a number of enhancements to our existing products that we believe
will further improve the ablation process. Our next-generation ablation
products are currently under development with a planned market launch in the
latter part of 2001.
Patents and Proprietary Technology
We believe that a key element of our competitive advantage depends on our
ability to develop and maintain the proprietary aspects of our technology. We
rely on patent protection, as well as a combination of copyright, trade secret
and trademark laws to protect our intellectual property. As of March 12, 2001,
we had 36 issued patents, one notice of allowance and 40 United States and
foreign patent applications pending. The issued and allowed patents cover,
among other things, deployable multi-array electrode technology and temperature
feedback technology. Our United States patents expire between 2012 and 2018.
Our European- wide patents expire in 2015 and our Japanese patent expires in
2015.
Government Regulation
Our products are regulated in the United States by the FDA under the Federal
Food, Drug, and Cosmetic Act, or FDC Act, and require clearance of a premarket
notification under Section 510(k) of the FDC Act or approval of a premarket
approval application under Section 515 of the FDC Act by the FDA prior to
commercialization. Material changes or modifications to medical devices,
including changes to product labeling, are also subject to FDA review and
clearance or approval. Under the FDC Act, the FDA regulates, among other
things, the research, clinical testing, manufacturing, safety, effectiveness,
labeling, storage, record keeping, advertising, distribution, sale and
promotion of medical devices in the United States. Non-compliance with
applicable requirements can result in, among other actions, warning letters,
fines, injunctions, civil and criminal penalties against us, our officers, and
our employees, recall or seizure of products, total or partial suspension of
production, failure of the government to grant premarket approval or clearance
for devices, withdrawal of marketing approvals and recommendation that we not
be permitted to enter into government contracts.
Before a new device can be marketed in the United States, the manufacturer
or distributor must obtain FDA clearance of a 510(k) premarket notification
submission or FDA approval of a premarket approval
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application. It generally takes three to twelve months from the date of the
submission to obtain clearance of a 510(k) submission, but it may take longer.
The FDA is increasingly requiring a more rigorous demonstration of substantial
equivalence, including clinical trials for some devices.
To date, all of our products have received 510(k) clearances or are exempt
from the 510(k) clearance process. Our initial clearances in the United States
were general in nature and allow our products to be marketed for the ablation
of soft tissue. In March 2000, we received a specific 510(k) clearance from the
FDA for the partial or complete ablation of nonresectable liver lesions. While
we have been successful to date in obtaining regulatory clearance of our
products through the 510(k) notification process, if the FDA concludes that any
product does not meet the requirements for 510(k) clearance, then a premarket
approval would be required and the time required for obtaining regulatory
approval would be significantly lengthened.
Once 510(k) clearance has been received, any products that we manufacture or
distribute are subject to extensive and continuing regulation by the FDA.
Modifications to devices, including changes to product labeling, cleared via
the 510(k) process may require a new 510(k) submission. We have made some
modifications to some of our devices which we believe do not require the filing
of new 510(k) submissions. If the FDA requires us to file a new 510(k)
submission for any device modification, we may be prohibited from marketing the
modified device until the 510(k) is cleared by the FDA.
We are required to register as a medical device manufacturer with the FDA
and with the California Department of Health Services and to list our products
with the FDA. As such, we are subject to inspection by both the FDA and the
California Department of Heath and Safety for compliance with good
manufacturing practices, quality systems regulations, and other applicable
regulations, including labeling and the adulteration and misbranding provisions
of the FDC Act. In addition, our manufacturing processes are required to comply
with good manufacturing practices and quality system regulations which cover
the methods and documentation of the design, testing, production, control,
quality assurance, labeling, packaging and shipping of our products.
We are also required to comply with medical device reporting regulations
that require us to report to the FDA any incident in which our product may have
caused or contributed to a death or serious injury, or in which our product
malfunctioned and, if the malfunction were to recur, it would be likely to
cause or contribute to a death or serious injury. If the FDA believes that a
company is not in compliance with the law or regulations, it can institute
proceedings to, among other things, detain or seize products, order a recall,
enjoin future violations or distributions and assess civil and criminal
penalties against a company, its officers, and employees. We have filed medical
device reports with the FDA related to skin burns primarily caused by a ground
pad, arterial bleeding caused by improper needle placement and abscesses which
resulted from the large volume of ablated tissue. We believe that none of these
incidents were attributed to a device malfunction. None of these incidents
resulted in permanent injury or death.
We are also subject to regulations and product registration requirements in
many of the foreign countries in which we sell our products in the areas of
product standards, packaging requirements, labeling requirements, import
restrictions, tariff regulations, duties and tax requirements. The time
required to obtain marketing approval or clearance required by foreign
countries may be longer or shorter than that required for FDA approval or
clearance, and requirements for licensing a product in a foreign country may
differ significantly from FDA requirements. Either our distributors or we have
received registrations and approvals to market our products in international
markets that include the European Economic Area, Japan, Korea, Canada,
Australia, New Zealand, and other countries. We are seeking or intend to seek,
regulatory registrations or approvals in other international markets.
The European Union has promulgated rules, under the Medical Devices
Directive, or MDD, which require medical devices to bear the "CE mark". The CE
mark is an international symbol of adherence to quality assurance standards. We
obtained MDD certification in December 1996. We received our ISO9001/EN46001
recertification in January 2000 and have instituted all the systems necessary
to meet the Medical Device Directive, thus acquiring the ability to affix the
CE mark to our devices and export our devices to any EC-member country.
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Manufacturing
Our manufacturing process for electrodes includes the inspection, assembly,
testing, packaging and external sterilization of finished products. Our
generators are manufactured to our specifications by outside contractors.
We devote significant attention to quality control of our products. We have
established quality systems in conformance with the Quality System Regulation
as mandated by the FDA. Our Mountain View, California facility received ISO
9001/EN46001 recertification in January 2000 and is in conformance with the
European Medical Device Directive for sale of products in Europe.
Employees
As of March 12, 2001, we had 88 full-time employees, including 30 in sales
and marketing, 30 in manufacturing, 16 in research and development and 12 in
general and administrative functions. From time to time, we also employ
independent contractors to support our organization.
Executive Officers of the Registrant
The following table shows specific information about our executive officers
as of March 12, 2001.
Name Age Position(s)
---- --- ----------
Barry Cheskin............ 40 Chief Executive Officer, President and Director
Marilynne Solloway....... 53 Chief Financial Officer and Vice President,
Finance and Administration
Daniel Balbierz.......... 39 Vice President, Research and Development
Vicki Hacker............. 44 Vice President, Clinical Affairs
Russell Johnson.......... 47 Vice President, Business Development
David Martin............. 36 Vice President, Global Sales
Eric Mueninghoff......... 43 Vice President, Marketing
Ronald Steckel........... 47 Senior Vice President, Operations
Barry Cheskin has served as our President and Chief Executive Officer since
May 1997. Prior to joining us, he held various positions at Datascope Corp, a
medical device company. He was President, Collagen Products Division and
Corporate Vice President from May 1994 to April 1997, General Manager,
Vasoseal/Bioplex Division from November 1992 to May 1994, and Director,
Corporate Business Development from April 1992 to November 1992. Mr. Cheskin
holds a B.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Massachusetts Institute of
Technology, an M.S. in Mechanical Engineering from Stanford University, and an
M.B.A. from Columbia University.
Marilynne Solloway has served as our Vice President, Finance &
Administration and Chief Financial Officer since April 1998. Prior to joining
us, from July 1995 to April 1998, Ms. Solloway was self-employed as a
consultant and worked with several non-profit organizations. In 1985, she co-
founded Menlo Care, Inc., a medical device company. Ms. Solloway held the
position of Chief Financial Officer and Director of Menlo Care, Inc. from May
1985 to June 1995. Ms. Solloway holds a B.A. from University of California,
Berkeley and an M.B.A. from University of Santa Clara.
Daniel Balbierz has served as our Vice President, Research and Development
since April 1998. Prior to joining us, he held the position of Worldwide
Director, Research and Development for the Vascular Access Division of Johnson
& Johnson Medical, Inc., a medical device company, from March 1996 to March
1998. Previously, Mr. Balbierz held the position of Director, Research and
Development at Menlo Care, a medical
11
device company, from June 1987 to March 1996. Mr. Balbierz holds a B.S. in
Mechanical Engineering from California Polytechnic State University.
Vicki Hacker has served as our Vice President, Clinical Affairs since
February 2000. Prior to joining us, she held various positions at Cardima
Corporation, an electro-physiology company, including Director of Clinical
Research from March 1999 to January 2000 and Manager of Clinical Programs from
June 1997 to February 1999. Previously, Ms. Hacker held the position of Senior
Clinical Education/Research Specialist at Heartport, a minimally invasive
cardiac surgery company, from June 1996 to May 1997. From July 1993 to May
1996, she held the position of Associate Director of Clinical Research at
Advanced Bioresearch Associates, a contract research association. Ms. Hacker
holds a B.S. in Nursing from Rush University and an M.S. in Nursing and
Administration from San Jose State University.
Russell Johnson has served as our Vice President, Business Development since
January 2001. From July 1998 to January 2001, Mr. Johnson served as our Vice
President, Marketing. From March 1999 to March 2000, he also served as our Vice
President, Global Sales. Prior to joining us, he founded The Pathfinder Group,
a marketing consulting firm servicing emerging medical device companies, and
served as President from June 1997 to June 1998. Previously, Mr. Johnson held
the position of Director, International Sales of Vista Medical Technologies,
Inc., a medical device company, from January 1997 to May 1997 and before that
he was the Director, Worldwide Marketing for the Cardiothoracic Surgery
Division of Vista Medical Technologies, Inc., from July 1996 to December 1996.
He also held the position of Director of International Marketing for Boston
Scientific, a medical device company, from July 1993 to July 1996. Mr. Johnson
holds a B.A. from Brown University and an M.B.A. from University of Michigan.
David Martin has served as our Vice President, Global Sales since March
2000. Prior to joining us, he held the position of Director of United States
Sales for the Cardiac Surgery division of Guidant Corporation, a medical device
company, from November 1999 to March 2000. Previously, Mr. Martin held various
positions at CardioThoracic Systems, Inc., a minimally invasive cardiac surgery
company, including Director of Sales for the United States from January 1998 to
November 1999 and Regional Sales Manager and District Sales Manager Western
United States from July 1996 to December 1997. He also held the position of
District Manager for Carbomedics, a medical device company, from March 1994 to
June 1996. Mr. Martin holds a B.A. from University of California, Santa Barbara
and an M.B.A. from University of San Diego.
Eric Mueninghoff has served as our Vice President, Marketing since March
2001. From February 2000 to February 2001, he served as Director of Global
Marketing. From January 1999 to January 2000, Mr. Mueninghoff served as
Director of United States Sales. Mr. Mueninghoff joined RITA as National Sales
Manager in September 1997. Prior to joining us, Mr. Mueninghoff held the
position of National Sales Manager for Aria Technologies, a fiberoptics
company, from January 1997 to September 1997. Previously, he held the position
of Executive Territory Manager for the Chiron Vision Corporation, an ophthalmic
device company, from September 1995 to January 1997. Mr. Mueninghoff holds a
B.S. from Illinois State University.
Ronald Steckel has served as our Vice President, Operations since June 1998
and was promoted to Senior Vice President, Operations in January 2001. Prior to
joining us, Mr. Steckel held various positions at Metra Biosystems, Inc., a
medical diagnostics company, including Senior Vice President from July 1996 to
June 1998, Vice President, Operations from February 1992 to June 1996 and a
consultant from July 1991 to February 1992. Mr. Steckel holds a B.S. in Biology
from Blackburn University and an M.B.A. from Lake Forest College.
Item 2. Properties.
We are headquartered in Mountain View, CA, where we lease one building with
approximately 18,000 square feet of office, research and development and
manufacturing space. The lease is noncancellable and expires in August 2004.
Through October 2000, the Company sublet 6,000 square feet of its space, and as
of December 31, 2000 had not fully occupied the entire building. We believe the
facility is suitable and adequate to meet our current or forseeable
requirements through 2001 and that additional space will be available at
12
commercially reasonable terms to meet future growth requirements. See also Note
5 in the "Notes to Financial Statements" contained elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
We are not currently subject to any material legal proceedings, other than
the patent disputes described in "Factors that May Affect Future Results--We
are currently involved in a patent interference action and a patent opposition
action involving RadioTherapeutics Corporation, and if we do not prevail in
these actions, we may be unable to sell the RITA System." The patent
interference proceeding is pending before the Board of Patent Appeals and
Interferences of the United States Patent and Trademark Office. On July 16,
1999 the United States Patent and Trademark Office declared interference
between a claim of one of our issued patents and claims of a patent application
controlled by RadioTherapeutics Corporation. The principal parties in the
proceeding are RadioTherapeutics and RITA. The factual basis underlying the
claim is the determination by the commissioner of the United States Patent and
Trademark Office that our patent and the RadioTherapeutics patent application
interfere. In the interference proceeding, RadioTherapeutics seeks to
invalidate our patent claim and to establish the patentability of the claims in
its patent application. We seek to maintain the priority of our patent claim.
On February 26, 2001, the USPTO issued a decision on preliminary motions filed
in the patent interference proceeding. The decision found that one of the
claims in our United States Patent No. 5,536,267 (claim no. 32) is invalid. We
expect to receive final confirmation of that decision later this year. The
European opposition is pending before the European Patent Office and was
instituted on March 2, 2000. The principal parties are RadioTherapeutics and
RITA. The factual basis underlying the claim is the allegation by
RadioTherapeutics that our European patent is not valid. In the opposition,
RadioTherapeutics seeks to have our patent declared invalid and to have our
patent cancelled. We are defending our patent and seek to defend it as issued.
In addition to these patent proceedings, we may from time to time become a
party to various legal proceedings arising in the ordinary course of our
business.
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
Not applicable.
13
PART II
Item 5. Market for Registrant's Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters.
Our common stock is traded on the Nasdaq National Market under the symbol
"RITA". We commenced trading on July 27, 2000. The following table shows the
high and low closing sales prices of our common stock as reported by the Nasdaq
National Market:
Common
Stock Price
------------
High Low
------ -----
Year ended December 31, 2000
Third quarter (from July 27, 2000)......................... $14.38 $8.88
Fourth quarter............................................. $12.38 $5.00
Year ended December 31, 2001
First quarter (through March 12, 2001)..................... $ 9.88 $3.63
On March 12, 2001, the last reported sales price of our common stock on the
Nasdaq National Market was $3.75. As of March 12, 2001, there were 148 holders
of our common stock. This does not include the number of persons whose stock is
in the nominee or "street name" accounts through brokers. The market price of
our common stock has been and may continue to be subject to wide fluctuations
in response to a number of events and factors, such as quarterly variations in
our operating results, announcements of technological innovations or new
products by us or our competitors, changes in financial estimates and
recommendations by securities analysts, the operating and stock performance of
other companies that investors may deem comparable to us, and news reports
relating to trends in our markets. These fluctuations, as well as general
economic and market conditions, may adversely affect the market price for our
common stock.
No dividends have been declared on our common stock. We currently intend to
retain any future earnings to fund the development and growth of our business.
It is not expected that any dividends will be declared on our capital stock in
the foreseeable future.
In the year ending December 31, 2000, we issued 412,447 shares of
unregistered common stock to our employees pursuant to the exercise of stock
options under our 1994 incentive stock plan and our 2000 stock plan. These
options were exercised at a weighted average exercise price of $1.14 per share.
These issuances were made in reliance upon Rule 701 promulgated under the
Securities Act. On July 26, 2000, we completed our initial public offering of
3,600,000 common shares at a price of $12.00 per share, raising approximately
$39.1 million net of underwriting discounts, commissions and other offering
costs (see also Note 6 in the "Notes to the Financial Statements" contained
elsewhere in this Form 10-K). The managing underwriters were Salomon Smith
Barney and Robertson Stephens. We intend to use the proceeds of the offering to
expand sales, marketing, physician and patient awareness programs, to continue
product development and clinical research programs, to repay debt and to fund
general corporate purposes including working capital. Additionally, we may use
the proceeds of the offering to fund the acquisition of complementary
businesses, products or technologies, although there are no current agreements
or negotiations with respect to any specific transaction.
As of December 31, 2000, of the $39.1 million in net proceeds from our
offering we had applied the net proceeds as follows:
Approximate Dollar Amount
Use (in millions)
Permanent working capital $ 5.0
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Repayment of term loans and other debt $ 3.5
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
Sales, marketing, research and clinical
programs and general corporate purposes $ 6.9
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
TOTAL: $15.4
-----------------------------------------------------------------------
14
Item 6. Selected Financial Data.
You should read the following selected financial data in conjunction with
our financial statements and related notes and "Management's Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations" appearing elsewhere
in this Form 10-K. The annual data presented below is derived from our audited
financial statements. Quarterly data is derived from unaudited statements
that, in the opinion of management, include all adjustments, consisting only
of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of such
information when read in conjunction with our annual audited financial
statements and notes thereto. The operating results for any quarter are not
necessarily indicative of results for any future period. Our audited
statements of operations for the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998
and our audited balance sheet at December 31, 2000 and 1999 are presented
elsewhere in this Form 10-K. The information provided below is in thousands,
except for per share data.
Years Ended December 31,
-----------------------------------------------
2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------
Statement of Operations Data:
Sales........................ $ 10,010 $ 4,629 $ 1,137 $ 220 $ --
Cost of goods sold........... 6,048 2,994 1,523 589 --
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------
Gross profit (loss)........ 3,962 1,635 (386) (369) --
Operating expenses:
Research and development... 5,615 3,931 2,729 2,486 2,214
Selling, general and
administrative............ 12,052 5,452 3,606 2,829 1,732
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------
Total operating
expenses................ 17,667 9,383 6,335 5,315 3,946
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------
Loss from operations......... (13,705) (7,748) (6,721) (5,684) (3,946)
Interest and other income
(expense), net.............. 898 238 (28) (176) (24)
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------
Net loss..................... $(12,807) $ (7,510) $ (6,749) $ (5,860) $(3,970)
======== ======== ======== ======== =======
Net loss per share, basic and
diluted..................... $ (1.99) $ (9.33) $ (10.10) $ (11.02) $ (7.74)
======== ======== ======== ======== =======
Shares used in computing net
loss per share, basic
and diluted................. 6,440 805 668 532 513
December 31,
-----------------------------------------------
2000 1999 1998 1997 1996
-------- -------- -------- -------- -------
Balance Sheet Data:
Cash, cash equivalents and
marketable securities....... $ 40,057 $ 12,153 $ 7,644 $ 147 $ 3,791
Working capital.............. 41,512 12,437 7,560 (2,276) 3,329
Total assets................. 46,270 15,705 9,009 1,082 4,592
Long-term obligations, net of
current portion............. 180 1,854 -- 17 40
Convertible preferred stock
and preferred stock
warrants.................... -- 38,516 28,337 12,492 12,331
Common stock and additional
paid-in capital............. 88,435 3,652 165 56 8
Total stockholders equity
(deficit)................... 42,647 (26,991) (20,510) (14,275) (8,501)
15
Quarterly Results of Operations:
Quarter Ended
----------------------------------------------------------------------
Mar. June Sept. Dec. Mar. June Sept. Dec.
31, 30, 30, 31, 31, 30, 30, 31,
2000 2000 2000 2000 1999 1999 1999 1999
------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- ------- -------
Sales................... $ 1,841 $ 2,427 $ 2,712 $ 3,030 $ 837 $ 1,062 $ 1,197 $ 1,533
Gross Profit............ 659 933 1,090 1,279 147 444 400 644
Net Loss................ $(3,578) $(3,207) $(2,956) $(3,067) $(1,858) $(1,663) $(1,678) $(2,311)
======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= =======
Net Loss per Share...... $ (3.52) $ (2.79) $ (0.31) $ (0.22) $ (2.39) $ (2.11) $ (2.09) $ (2.73)
======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= ======= =======
Shares used in computing
net loss per share,
basic and diluted...... 1,017 1,150 9,607 13,869 779 789 803 848
Item 7. Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations.
This Management's Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results
of Operations and other parts of this Form 10-K contain forward-looking
statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Words such as "anticipates",
"expects", "intends", "plans", "believes", "seeks", "estimates", and similar
expressions identify such forward-looking statements. These statements are not
guarantees of future performance and are subject to risks and uncertainties
that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or
forecasted. Factors that might cause such a difference include, but are not
limited to, those discussed in the section entitled "Factors That May Affect
Future Results" and those appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K. Readers are
cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements that
reflect management's analysis only as of the date hereof. We assume no
obligation to update these forward-looking statements to reflect actual results
or changes in factors or assumptions affecting such forward-looking statements.
Overview
We develop, manufacture and market minimally invasive products that use
radiofrequency energy to treat patients with solid cancerous or benign tumors.
From inception in 1994 through 1996, our operations consisted primarily of
various start-up activities, including development of technologies central to
our business, recruiting personnel and raising capital. In 1997, we began
commercial product shipments. In 2000, we commercially launched our Model 1500
generator and StarBurst family of disposable devices and significantly expanded
our direct domestic sales organization and our international distribution
network.
Our products are sold in the United States through our direct sales force
and internationally through distribution partners. For the year ended December
31, 2000, sales in the United States accounted for 39% of our total sales while
sales in our international markets accounted for 61% of our total sales. We
expect that a significant portion of our revenue will continue to come from
international operations because of the high incidence of primary liver cancer
in Asian and European markets.
All of our revenue is derived from the sale of our disposable devices and
radiofrequency generators. For the year ended December 31, 2000, 67% of our
sales were derived from our disposable devices and 33% were derived from the
sale of our generators. Placement of generators at hospitals is necessary for
customers to use our disposable devices, and we continue to focus on expanding
our base of customer accounts. We are also continuing to focus on increasing
usage of our disposable products at our established accounts, and we expect
that a significant proportion of our revenues will continue to be derived from
the sale of our higher-margin disposable devices.
Our manufacturing costs consist of raw materials, including generators
produced for us by third-party suppliers, labor to produce our disposable
devices and to inspect incoming, in-process and finished goods,
16
sterilization performed by an outside service provider and general overhead
expenses. Gross margins are affected by production volumes and average selling
prices. In addition, margins are affected by the sales mix of disposable
devices versus generators and the mix of domestic direct sales versus
international sales, which provide for standard distributor discounts.
For the year ended December 31, 2000, 32% of our operating expenses were
related to research and development activities, while 68% of our operating
expenses were related to selling, general and administrative activities. We
expect to continue to devote significant resources to product development and
clinical research programs. We also expect to continue to devote the majority
of our operating expenses to selling, general and administrative activities,
particularly to our sales and marketing efforts. These efforts include the
expansion of our domestic sales force and our international distribution
support activities as well as physician training and patient awareness
programs.
In connection with grants of stock options to employees and non-employees,
we record deferred stock-based compensation as a component of stockholders'
equity. This stock-based compensation is amortized as charges to operations
over the vesting periods of the options. We recorded amortization of deferred
compensation of $4.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2000. We expect to
record additional amortization expense for deferred compensation in future
periods.
We incurred net losses of $12.8 million for the year ended December 31,
2000. As of December 31, 2000, we had an accumulated deficit of $41.4 million.
Due to the high costs associated with continued research and development
programs, expanded clinical research programs and increased sales and marketing
efforts, we expect to continue to incur net losses for the near future.
Our future growth depends on expanding product usage in our current market
and finding new large markets in which we can leverage our core technologies of
applying radiofrequency energy to treat cancerous and benign tumors. To the
extent our current or new markets do not materialize in accordance with our
expectations, our sales could be lower than expected.
We are currently involved in patent proceedings and may become a party to
additional patent or product liability proceedings. The costs of such lawsuits
or proceedings may be material and could affect our earnings and financial
position. An adverse outcome in a patent lawsuit could require us to cease
sales of affected products or to pay royalties and/or license fees, which could
harm our results of operations.
Results of Operations
Years Ended December 31, 2000 and 1999
For the year ended December 31, 2000, sales totaled $10.0 million, an
increase of 116% from $4.6 million in 1999. We experienced growth in both
domestic and international markets, with domestic sales increasing by 136% and
international sales increasing by 105% over the previous year. For the year
ended December 31, 2000, domestic sales represented 39% of total revenue, as
compared to 36% in 1999. We experienced growth in sales of our disposable
products and our generators, with disposable product sales increasing by 124%
and generator sales increasing by 102% over the previous year. For the year
ended December 31, 2000, disposable sales accounted for 67% of total revenue,
as compared to 64% in 1999. Higher unit shipments of generators and disposables
resulted from increased physician awareness of our technology, a major
expansion of our domestic sales force, increased geographical representation
through the appointment of new international distributors and the launch of our
Model 1500 generator and StarBurst family of disposable devices.
Cost of goods sold for the year ended December 31, 2000 was $6.0 million as
compared to $3.0 million in 1999. The growth in cost of goods sold was
attributable primarily to higher material, labor, and overhead costs associated
with increased unit shipments. Included in cost of goods sold was amortization
of deferred stock-based compensation of $926,000 in the year ended December 31,
2000 as compared to $107,000 in 1999. Excluding the
17
effect of the amortization of deferred stock-based compensation, gross margins
improved to 49% in 2000 from 38% in 1999. The improvement was due in part to an
increase in average selling prices of our disposable devises, related to the
launch of our five-centimeter StarBurst XL electrode. The improvement was also
the result of the increase in higher margin disposable devices as a proportion
of total sales. Gross margins also benefited from manufacturing efficiencies
attained through higher volume production of our disposable devices.
Research and development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2000 were
$5.6 million as compared to $3.9 million in 1999. The expense increase was due
to additional personnel, expenses associated with the development of our next-
generation technology, increased clinical program spending, increased spending
related to the growth and protection of our patent portfolio and increases in
the amortization of deferred stock-based compensation. Amortization of deferred
stock-based compensation was $998,000 for the year ended December 31, 2000 as
compared to $354,000 in 1999.
Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31,
2000 were $12.1 million as compared to $5.5 million in 1999. The expense
increase was primarily attributable to the major expansion of our domestic
sales organization, increased administrative expenses due to added personnel to
support our growth in operations, the costs associated with our operation as a
public company and increases in the amortization of deferred stock-based
compensation. For the year ended December 31, 2000, we recorded amortization of
deferred stock-based compensation of $2.9 million as compared to $530,000 in
1999.
Interest income for the year ended December 31, 2000 was $1.6 million as
compared to $446,000 in 1999. The increase in interest income was primarily
attributable to earnings on short-term investments made with cash received from
our initial public offering of common shares completed in the third quarter of
2000. Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2000 was $683,000 as
compared to $212,000 in 1999. The increase in interest expense for 2000 was
attributable to higher average debt outstanding on the loan and security
agreement entered into in June 1999. During the third quarter of 2000, we
repaid all debt outstanding under our term loans, and during the fourth quarter
of 2000, we repaid $500,000 of the $1.8 million debt outstanding under a
revolving credit facility.
Years Ended December 31, 1999 and 1998
For the year ended December 31, 1999, sales totaled $4.6 million, an
increase of 307% from $1.1 million in 1998. We experienced growth in both
domestic and international markets, with domestic sales increasing by 136% and
international sales increasing by 533% over the previous year. For the year
ended December 31, 1999, domestic sales represented 36% of total revenue, as
compared to 59% in 1998. We experienced growth in sales of our disposable
products and our generators, with disposable product sales increasing by 379%
and generator sales increasing by 222% over the previous year. For the year
ended December 31, 2000, disposable sales accounted for 64% of total revenue,
as compared to 52% in 1999. Higher unit shipments of generators and disposables
resulted from increased physician awareness of our technology, product
improvements, expansion of our domestic sales force and increased geographical
coverage in international markets including Japan.
Cost of goods sold for the year ended December 31, 1999 was $3.0 million as
compared to $1.5 million in 1998. The growth in cost of goods sold was
attributable primarily to the expansion of our manufacturing operations,
increased quality assurance programs and higher material, labor, and overhead
costs associated with increased unit shipments. Included in cost of goods sold
was amortization of deferred stock-based compensation of $107,000 in the year
ended December 31, 1999 as compared $25,000 in 1998. Excluding the effect of
the amortization of deferred stock-based compensation, gross margins improved
to 38% in 1999 from a loss of 32% in 1998. The improvement was primarily due to
manufacturing efficiencies attained through higher volume production of our
disposable devices.
Research and development expenses for the year ended December 31, 1999 were
$3.9 million as compared to $2.7 million in 1999. The expense increase was
attributable primarily to the hiring of additional
18
personnel, expenses associated with the development of our second-generation
disposable devices, expenses associated with the growth and protection of our
patent portfolio and increases in the amortization of deferred stock-based
compensation. Amortization of deferred stock-based compensation was $354,000 in
1999 as compared to $186,000 in 1998.
Selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31,
1999 were $5.5 million as compared to $3.6 million in 1998. The increase in
selling expenses resulted primarily from the addition of domestic field sales
personnel as well as sales management personnel to support international
distribution efforts. In addition, in 1999 we loaned generators to a group of
prestigious medical centers that agreed to provide references on our system to
other hospitals, and selling expenses for 1999 included depreciation charges
related to the generators placed at these medical centers. General and
administrative expenses increased due to added personnel to support our growth
in operations. For the year ended December 31, 1999, we recorded amortization
of deferred stock-based compensation of $530,000 as compared to $192,000 in
1998.
Interest income for the year ended December 31, 1999 was $446,000 as
compared to $342,000 in 1998. The increase in interest income was primarily due
to earnings on higher average cash balances due to the timing of our private
placement financings. Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 1999 was
$212,000 as compared to $359,000 in 1998. Interest expense for 1998 included
interest and warrant amortization associated with bridge loans obtained in 1997
and 1998. Interest expense for 1999 included interest and warrant amortization
associated with a loan and security agreement entered into in June 1999.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Prior to August 2000, we financed our operations principally through private
placements of convertible preferred stock, raising approximately $37.9 million
net of expenses. On August 1, 2000, we completed our initial public offering of
3.6 million common shares at a price of $12 per share, raising approximately
$39.0 million net of expenses. All outstanding convertible preferred shares
were converted to common shares at that time. To a lesser extent, we also
financed our operations through equipment financing and other loans, which
totaled $1.3 million in principal outstanding at December 31, 2000. As of
December 31, 2000, we had $12.7 million of cash and cash equivalents, $27.4
million of marketable securities and $41.5 million of working capital.
For the year ended December 31, 2000, net cash used in operating activities
was $8.9 million principally due to our net loss and increases in accounts
receivable and inventory resulting from higher revenues and increased unit
shipments. Our investing activities for the year ended December 31, 2000 were
limited to the purchase of property and equipment in the amount of $856,000 and
net purchases or sales of short-term investment instruments. For the year ended
December 31, 2000, net cash provided by financing activities was $37.6 million,
attributable to our initial public offering of common shares, partially offset
by the borrowing and repayment of debt.
In June 1999, we entered into a loan and security agreement for a loan
facility of up to $5.0 million. The facility consists of two term loans of $1.5
million each and a revolving credit note of up to $2.0 million. As of December
31, 2000, we had a balance outstanding of $833,000 on the revolving credit
note, which bears interest at 2% over the prime rate and is due on June 30,
2001. All borrowings under the term loans, totaling approximately $3.0 million,
were repaid as of December 31, 2000.
Our capital requirements depend on numerous factors including our research
and development expenditures, expenses related to selling, general and
administrative operations and working capital to support business growth.
Although it is difficult for us to predict future liquidity requirements with
certainty, we believe that our current cash and cash equivalents will satisfy
our cash requirements for at least the next 18 months. During or after this
period, if cash generated by operations is insufficient to satisfy our
liquidity requirements, we may need to sell additional equity or debt
securities or obtain an additional credit facility. There can be no assurance
that additional financing will be available to us or, if available, that such
financing will be available on terms favorable to the company and our
stockholders.
19
Income Taxes
As of December 31, 2000, we had federal net operating loss carryforwards of
approximately $33.1 million and state net operating loss carryforwards of
approximately $19.6 million, available to offset future regular taxable income.
The federal net operating loss carryforwards will expire between 2010 and 2020,
and the state net operating loss carryforwards will expire between 2001 and
2005, if not utilized. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 limits the use of net
operating loss and tax credit carryforwards in certain situations where changes
occur in the stock ownership of the company, and our utilization of our
carryforwards could be restricted. See also Note 8 to "Notes to Financial
Statements" appearing elsewhere in this Form 10-K.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities." SFAS No. 133 establishes new standards of
accounting and reporting for derivative instruments and hedging activities.
SFAS No. 133 requires that all derivatives be recognized at fair value in the
statement of financial position, and that the corresponding gains or losses be
reported either in the statement of operations or as a component of
comprehensive income, depending on the type of relationship that exists. To
date, we have not engaged in derivative or hedging activities. We will adopt
SFAS No. 133, as required, in fiscal year 2001, and expect no material impact
on our financial statements thereby.
In March 2000, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 44, or FIN 44, "Accounting
for Certain Transactions Involving Stock Compensation," which is an
interpretation of Accounting Principal Board No. 25. this interpretation
clarifies:
. the definition of employee for purposes of applying Opinion 25, which
deals with stock compensation issues;
. the criteria for determining whether a plan qualifies as a
noncompensatory plan;
. the accounting consequence of various modifications to the terms of a
previously fixed stock option or award; and
. the accounting for an exchange of stock compensation awards in a business
combination.
This interpretation is effective July 1, 2000, but there are conclusions in
this interpretation that cover specific events that occur after either December
15, 1998, or January 12, 2000. To the extent that this interpretation covers
events occurring during the period after December 15, 1998, or January 12,
2000, but before the effective date of July 1, 2000, the effects of applying
this interpretation are recognized on a prospective basis from July 1, 2000.
The adoption of FIN 44 did not have a material impact on our financial
statements.
Factors That May Affect Future Results
In addition to the other information in this report, the following factors
should be considered carefully in evaluating the Company's business and
prospects.
Due to our dependence on the RITA system, failure to achieve market acceptance
in a timely manner could harm our business.
Because all of our revenue comes from the sale of the RITA system, our
financial performance will depend upon physician adoption and patient awareness
of this system. If we are unable to convince physicians to use the RITA system,
we may not be able to generate revenues because we do not have alternative
products.
20
We are currently involved in a patent interference action and a patent
opposition action involving RadioTherapeutics Corporation, and if we do not
prevail in these actions, we may be unable to sell the RITA system.
In July 1999, the United States Patent and Trademark Office declared an
interference involving us, which was provoked by RadioTherapeutics Corporation,
a competitor of ours, in which the validity of a patent claim previously issued
to us is being called into question. The claim being questioned is one of a
number of issued patent claims that cover the curvature of the array at the tip
of our disposable devices. In February 2001, the USPTO issued a decision on
preliminary motions filed in the patent interference proceeding. The decision
found that one of the claims in our United States Patent No. 5,536,267 (claim
no. 32) is invalid. We expect to receive final confirmation of that decision
later this year. In the event that the decision is confirmed, we plan to file a
motion in a United States District Court requesting review of the decision.
Final determination of the patent interference proceeding may take several
years. If the final determination of the United States District Court results
in the issuance of patent rights related to the claim to RadioTherapeutics and
we were unable to obtain a license to use the relevant patent or successfully
modify our disposable device, we could be unable to sell our system and our
business could suffer.
In March 2000, RadioTherapeutics Corporation filed an opposition to our
European Patent No. 0777445. This patent also covers the curvature of the array
at the tip of our disposable devices. In this opposition, the validity of our
issued patent is being questioned. A final decision is not expected in this
proceeding for several years. If we do not prevail in the opposition
proceeding, we could lose our only currently issued patent in Europe.
We have a history of losses, anticipate significant increases in our operating
expenses over the next several years and may never achieve profitability.
We anticipate that our operating expenses will increase substantially in
absolute dollars for the foreseeable future as we expand our sales and
marketing, manufacturing, clinical research and product development efforts. To
become profitable, we must continue to increase our sales. If sales do not
continue to grow, we may not be able to achieve or maintain profitability in
the future. In particular, we incurred net losses of $12.8 million in 2000,
$7.5 million in 1999 and $6.7 million in 1998. At December 31, 2000, we had an
accumulated deficit of approximately $41.4 million.
Because we face significant competition from companies with greater resources
than we have, we may be unable to compete effectively.
The market for our products is intensely competitive, subject to rapid
change and significantly affected by new product introductions and other market
activities of industry participants.
We compete directly with two companies in the domestic and international
markets: RadioTherapeutics Corporation, a privately held company, and
Radionics, Inc., a division of Tyco International, a publicly traded company
with substantial resources. Both RadioTherapeutics and Radionics sell products
that use radiofrequency energy to ablate soft tissue. In 1998,
RadioTherapeutics entered into a distribution arrangement with Boston
Scientific Corporation, a publicly traded company with substantially greater
resources than we have.
Alternative therapies could prove to be superior to the RITA system, and
physician adoption could be negatively affected.
In addition to competing against other companies offering products that use
radiofrequency energy to ablate soft tissue, we also compete against companies
developing, manufacturing and marketing alternative therapies that address both
cancerous and benign tumors. If these alternative therapies prove to offer
treatment options that are superior to our system, physician adoption of our
products could be negatively affected and our revenues could decline.
21
We currently lack long-term data regarding the safety and efficacy of our
products and may find that long-term data does not support our short-term
clinical results.
Our products are supported by an average clinical follow-up of between five
and 14 months in published clinical reports. If longer-term studies fail to
confirm the effectiveness of our products, our sales could decline. If longer-
term patient follow-up or clinical studies indicate that our procedures cause
unexpected, serious complications or other unforeseen negative effects, we
could be subject to significant liability. Further, because some of our data
has been produced in studies that were not randomized and/or included small
patient populations, our clinical data may not be reproduced in wider patient
populations.
If we are unable to protect our intellectual property rights, we may lose
market share to a competitor and our business could suffer.
Our success depends significantly on our ability to protect our proprietary
rights to the technologies used in our products, and yet we may be unable to do
so. A number of companies in our market, as well as universities and research
institutions, have issued patents and have filed patent applications that
relate to the use of radiofrequency energy to ablate soft tissue. Our pending
United States and foreign patent applications may not issue or may issue and be
subsequently successfully challenged by others and invalidated. In addition,
our pending patent applications include claims to material aspects of our
products that are not currently protected by issued patents. Both the patent
application process and the process of managing patent disputes can be time
consuming and expensive.
In the event a competitor infringes upon our patent or other intellectual
property rights, enforcing those rights may be difficult and time consuming.
Even if successful, litigation to enforce our intellectual property rights or
to defend our patents against challenge could be extensive and time consuming
and could divert our management's attention. We may not have sufficient
resources to enforce our intellectual property rights or to defend our patents
against a challenge. In addition, confidentiality agreements executed by our
employees, consultants and advisors may not be enforceable or may not provide
meaningful protection for our trade secrets or other proprietary information in
the event of unauthorized use or disclosure. If we are unable to protect our
intellectual property rights we could lose market share to a competitor and our
business could suffer.
If we are sued for patent infringement, we could be prevented from selling our
products and our business could suffer.
We are aware of the existence of patents held by competitors in our market,
which could result in a patent lawsuit against us. In the event that we are
subject to a patent infringement lawsuit and if the relevant patents were
upheld as valid and enforceable and we were found to infringe, we could be
prevented from selling our products unless we could obtain a license or were
able to redesign the product to avoid infringement. If we were unable to obtain
a license or successfully redesign our system, we may be prevented from selling
our system and our business could suffer.
Our dependence on international revenues, which account for a significant
portion of our revenues, could harm our business.
Because our future profitability will depend in part on our ability to grow
product sales in international markets, we are exposed to risks specific to
business operations outside the United States. These risks include:
. the challenge of managing international sales without direct access to
the end customer;
. the risk of inventory build-up by our distributors which could negatively
impact sales in future periods;
. obtaining reimbursement for procedures using our devices in some foreign
markets;
. the burden of complying with complex and changing foreign regulatory
requirements;
22
. longer accounts receivable collection time;
. significant currency fluctuations, which could cause our distributors to
reduce the number of products they purchase from us because the cost of
our products to them could increase relative to the price they could
charge their customers;
. reduced protection of intellectual property rights in some foreign
countries; and
. contractual provisions governed by foreign laws.
We are substantially dependent on two distributors in our international
markets, and if we lose either distributor or if either distributor
significantly reduces their product demand, our international and total
revenues could decline.
We are substantially dependent on a limited number of significant
distributors in our international markets, and if we lose these distributors
and fail to attract additional distributors, our international revenues could
decline. ITX Corporation, formerly known as Nissho Iwai Corporation, is our
primary distributor in Asia. It accounted for 48 percent of our international
revenues for the year ended December 31, 2000 and 63 percent of our
international revenues in 1999. M.D.H. s.r.l. Forniture Ospedaliere, our
distributor in Italy, accounted for 17 percent of our international revenues
for the year ended December 31, 2000 and 22 percent of our international
revenues for 1999. Because international revenues accounted for 61 percent of
our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2000 and these two
distributors represented 65 percent of that total, the loss of either
distributor or a significant decrease in unit purchases by either distributor
could cause revenues to decline substantially. If we are unable to attract
additional international distributors, our international revenues may not grow.
Our relationships with third-party distributors could negatively affect our
sales.
We sell our products in international markets through third-party
distributors over whom we have limited control, and, if they fail to adequately
support our products, our sales could decline. If our distributors or we
terminate our existing agreements, finding companies to replace them could be
an expensive and time-consuming process and sales could decrease during any
transition period.
If customers in markets outside the United States experience difficulty
obtaining reimbursement for procedures using our products, international sales
could decline.
Certain of the markets outside the United States in which we sell our
products require that specific reimbursement codes be obtained before
reimbursement for procedures using our products can be approved. As a result,
in countries where specific reimbursement codes are strictly required and have
not yet been issued, reimbursement has been denied on that basis. ITX, our
distributor in Japan, is conducting studies that are necessary to obtain
reimbursement coverage in Japan, but to date has not yet received this
approval. If we are unable to either obtain the required reimbursement codes or
develop an effective strategy to resolve the reimbursement issue, physicians
may be unwilling to purchase our products which could negatively impact our
international revenues.
If third-party payors do not reimburse health care providers for use of the
RITA system, purchases could be delayed and our revenues could decline.
Physicians, hospitals and other health care providers may be reluctant to
purchase our products if they do not receive substantial reimbursement for the
cost of the procedures using our products from third-party payors, such as
Medicare, Medicaid and private health insurance plans. Hospitals using our
products are currently reimbursed based on established general reimbursement
codes. Because there is no specific reimbursement code for physicians
performing procedures using the RITA system, physicians need to submit a
patient case history and data supporting the applicability of our system to the
patient's condition in order to obtain reimbursement.
23
Each payor then determines whether and to what extent to reimburse for a
medical procedure or product. Payors may refuse to provide reimbursement for
procedures covered by general codes because the applicability of the code must
be determined on a case-by-case basis. Although we have been notified by the
American Medical Association Coding Committee that specific reimbursement codes
for radiofrequency ablation of liver tumors will be established in 2002, they
reserve the right to reverse this decision. In this case, we would be required
to reapply for a specific code. This process is time consuming and costly and
may require us to provide extensive supporting scientific, clinical and cost-
effectiveness data for our products to the American Medical Association. Even
if we were successful in establishing a new code, a payor still may not
reimburse adequately for the procedure or product. In addition, we believe the
advent of fixed payment schedules has made it difficult to receive
reimbursement for disposable products, even if the use of these products
improves clinical outcomes. Fixed payment schedules typically permit
reimbursement for a procedure rather than a device. If physicians believe that
our system will add cost to a procedure but will not add sufficient offsetting
economic or clinical benefits, physician adoption could be slowed.
You may have a difficult time evaluating our company as an investment because
we have a limited operating history.
You can only evaluate our business based on a limited operating history
because we began selling the RITA system in 1997. This short history may not be
adequate to enable you to fully assess our ability to achieve market acceptance
of our products and respond to competition.
Any failure to build and manage our direct sales organization may negatively
affect our revenues.
We have significantly expanded our direct sales force in the United States
over the past twelve months and plan to continue to increase the domestic
direct sales force in the future. There is intense competition for skilled
sales and marketing employees, especially for people who have experience
selling disposable devices and generators to the physicians in our target
market, and we may be unable to hire skilled individuals to sell our products.
Any inability to build and effectively manage our direct sales force could
negatively impact our growth.
We depend on key employees in a competitive market for skilled personnel and
without additional employees, we cannot grow or achieve profitability.
We are highly dependent on the principal members of our management,
operations and research and development staff. Our future success will depend
in part on the continued service of these individuals and our ability to
identify, hire and retain additional personnel, including sales and marketing
staff. The market for qualified management personnel in Northern California,
where our offices are located, is extremely competitive and is expected to
continue to be highly competitive. Because the environment for good personnel
is so competitive, costs related to compensation may increase significantly. If
we are unable to attract and retain the personnel we need to support and grow
our business, our business will suffer.
We may be subject to costly and time-consuming product liability actions.
We manufacture medical devices that are used on patients in both minimally
invasive and open surgical procedures and as a result, we may be subject to
product liability lawsuits. To date, we have not been subject to a product
liability claim; however, any product liability claim brought against us, with
or without merit, could result in the increase of our product liability
insurance rates or the inability to secure coverage in the future. In addition,
we could have to pay any amount awarded by a court in excess of policy limits.
Finally, even a meritless or unsuccessful product liability claim could be time
consuming and expensive to defend and could result in the diversion of
management's attention from managing our core business.
24
Any failure in our physician training efforts could result in lower than
expected product sales.
It is critical to our sales effort to train a sufficient number of
physicians and to instruct them properly in the procedures that utilize our
products. We have established formal physician training programs and rely on
physicians to devote adequate time to understanding how and when our products
should be used. If physicians are not properly trained, they may misuse or
ineffectively use our products. This may result in unsatisfactory patient
outcomes, patient injury and related liability or negative publicity that could
have an adverse effect on our product sales.
We may incur significant costs related to a class action lawsuit due to the
likely volatility of our stock.
Our stock price may fluctuate for a number of reasons including:
. failure of the public market to support the valuation established in our
initial public offering;
. our ability to successfully commercialize our products;
. announcements regarding patent litigation or the issuance of patents to
us or our competitors;
. quarterly fluctuations in our results of operations;
. announcements of technological or competitive developments;
. regulatory developments regarding us or our competitors;
. acquisitions or strategic alliances by us or our competitors;
. changes in estimates of our financial performance or changes in
recommendations by securities analysts; and
. general market conditions, particularly for companies with small market
capitalizations.
Securities class action litigation is often brought against a company after
a period of volatility in the market price of its stock. If our future
quarterly operating results are below the expectations of securities analysts
or investors, the price of our common stock would likely decline. Stock price
fluctuations may be exaggerated if the trading volume of our common stock is
low. Any securities litigation claims brought against us could result in
substantial expense and divert management's attention from our core business.
If we fail to support our anticipated growth in operations, our business could
suffer.
If we fail to execute our sales strategy and develop further our products,
our business could suffer. To manage anticipated growth in operations, we must
increase our quality assurance staff for both our generators and our disposable
devices and expand our manufacturing staff and facility for our disposable
devices. Our systems, procedures and controls may not be adequate to support
our expected growth in operations.
We have limited experience manufacturing our disposable devices in substantial
quantities, and if we are unable to hire sufficient additional personnel,
purchase additional equipment or are otherwise unable to meet customer demand
our business could suffer.
To be successful, we must manufacture our products in substantial quantities
in compliance with regulatory requirements at acceptable costs. If we do not
succeed in manufacturing quantities of our disposable devices that meet
customer demand, we could lose customers and our business could suffer. At the
present time, we have limited high-volume manufacturing experience. Our
manufacturing operations are currently focused on the in-house assembly of our
disposable devices. As we increase our manufacturing volume and the number of
product designs for our disposable devices, the complexity of our manufacturing
processes will increase. Because our manufacturing operations are primarily
dependent upon manual assembly, if demand for our system increases we will need
to hire additional personnel and may need to purchase additional equipment.
25
If we are unable to sufficiently staff our manufacturing operations or are
otherwise unable to meet customer demand for our products, our business could
suffer.
We are dependent on one supplier as the only source of a component that we use
in our disposable devices, and any disruption in the supply of this component
could negatively affect our revenues.
Because there is only one supplier that provides us with a component that we
include in our disposable devices, a disruption in the supply of this component
could negatively affect revenues. This supplier is the only source of this
component. If we were unable to remedy a disruption in supply of this component
within twelve months, we could be required to redesign the handle of our
disposable devices, which could divert engineering resources from other
projects or add to product costs. In addition, a new or supplemental filing
with applicable regulatory authorities may require clearance prior to our
marketing a product containing new materials. This clearance process may take a
substantial period of time, and we may be unable to obtain necessary regulatory
approvals for any new material to be used in our products on a timely basis, if
at all. This could also create supply disruptions that could negatively affect
our business.
We are dependent on third-party contractors for the supply of our generators,
and any failure to deliver generators to us could result in lower than expected
revenues.
One third-party supplier currently manufactures, to our specifications, one
of the generators we sell. There is only one other third-party contractor who
we have used who could readily assume this manufacturing function. Two third-
party suppliers produce the other generator we sell. We have agreements with
both of these suppliers. Any delay in shipments of generators to us could
result in our failure to ship generators to customers and could negatively
affect revenues.
Complying with the FDA and other domestic and international regulatory
authorities is an expensive and time-consuming process, and any failure to
comply could result in substantial penalties.
We are subject to a host of federal, state, local and international
regulations regarding the manufacture and marketing of our products. In
particular, our failure to comply with FDA regulations could result in, among
other things, seizures or recalls of our products, an injunction, substantial
fines and/or criminal charges against our employees and us. The FDA's medical
device reporting regulations require us to report any incident in which our
products may have caused or contributed to a death or serious injury, or in
which our products malfunctioned in a way that would be likely to cause or
contribute to a death or serious injury if the malfunction recurred.
Sales of our products outside the United States are subject to foreign
regulatory requirements that vary from country to country. The time required to
obtain approvals from foreign countries may be longer than that required for
FDA approval or clearance, and requirements for foreign licensing may differ
from FDA requirements. For example, some of our newer products have not
received approval in Japan. Any failure to obtain necessary regulatory
approvals for our new products in foreign countries could negatively affect
revenues.
Product introductions or modifications may be delayed or canceled as a result
of the FDA regulatory process, which could cause our revenues to be below
expectations.
Unless we are exempt, we must obtain the appropriate FDA approval or
clearance before we can sell a new medical device in the United States. This
can be a lengthy and time-consuming process. To date, all of our products have
received clearances from the FDA through premarket notification under Section
510(k) of the Federal Food, Drug and Cosmetic Act. However, if the FDA requires
us to submit a new premarket notification under Section 510(k) for
modifications to our existing products, or if the FDA requires us to go through
a lengthier, more rigorous examination than we now expect, our product
introductions or modifications could be delayed or canceled which could cause
our revenues to be below expectations. The FDA may determine that
26
future products will require the more costly, lengthy and uncertain premarket
approval process. In addition, modifications to medical device products cleared
via the 510(k) process may require a new 510(k) submission. We have made minor
modifications to our system. Using the guidelines established by the FDA, we
have determined that some of these modifications do not require us to file new
510(k) submissions. If the FDA disagrees with our determinations, we may not be
able to sell the RITA system until the FDA has cleared new 510(k) submissions
for these modifications. In addition, we intend to request additional label
indications, such as approvals or clearances for the ablation of tumors in
additional organs, including lung, bone and breast, for our current products.
The FDA may either deny these requests outright, require additional extensive
clinical data to support any additional indications or impose limitations on
the intended use of any cleared product as a condition of approval or
clearance. Therefore, obtaining necessary approvals or clearances for these
additional applications could be an expensive and lengthy process.
We may need to raise additional capital in the future resulting in dilution to
our stockholders.
We may need to raise additional funds for our business operations and to
execute our business strategy. We may seek to sell additional equity or debt
securities or to obtain an additional credit facility. The sale of additional
equity or convertible debt securities could result in additional dilution to
our stockholders. If additional funds are raised through the issuance of debt
securities, these securities could have rights that are senior to holders of
common stock and could contain covenants that would restrict our operations.
Any additional financing may not be available in amounts or on terms acceptable
to us, if at all.
Our executive officers and directors own a large percentage of our voting stock
and could exert significant influence over matters requiring stockholder
approval.
Because our executive officers and directors, and their respective
affiliates, own approximately 29 percent of our outstanding common stock, these
stockholders may, as a practical matter, be able to exert significant influence
over matters requiring approval by our stockholders, including the election of
directors and the approval of mergers or other business combinations. This
concentration of voting stock could have the effect of delaying or preventing a
change in control.
Our certificate of incorporation and Delaware law contain provisions that could
discourage a takeover or prevent or delay a merger that stockholders believe is
favorable for the company.
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws contain
provisions that could delay or prevent a change in control of our company. Some
of these provisions:
. authorize the issuance of preferred stock, which can be created and
issued by the board of directors without prior stockholder approval,
commonly referred to as "blank check" preferred stock, with rights
senior to those of common stock;
. provide for a classified board of directors; and
. prohibit stockholder action by written consent.
In addition, the provisions of Section 203 of Delaware General Corporate Law
govern us. These provisions may prohibit large stockholders, in particular
those owning 15 percent or more of our outstanding voting stock, from merging
or combining with us. These and other provisions in our amended and restated
certificate of incorporation and bylaws and under Delaware law could reduce the
price that investors might be willing to pay for shares of our common stock in
the future and result in the market price being lower than it would be without
these provisions.
27
Item 7A. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk.
Our exposure to interest rate risk at December 31, 2000 is related to our
investment portfolio and our borrowings. Fixed rate investments and borrowings
may have their fair market value adversely impacted from changes in interest
rates. Floating rate investments may produce less income than expected if
interest rates fall, and floating rate borrowings will lead to additional
interest expense if interest rates increase. Due in part to these factors, our
future investment income may fall short of expectations, and our interest
expense may be above our expectations. Further, we may suffer losses in
investment principal if we are forced to sell securities that have declined in
market value due to changes in interest rates.
We invest our excess cash in debt instruments of the United States
government and its agencies and in high quality corporate issuers. The average
contractual duration of our investments in 2000 was less than one year. Due to
the short-term nature of these investments, we believe that there is no
material exposure to interest rate risk arising from our investments.
At December 31, 2000, we had a revolving credit facility of $833,000
outstanding that bears interest at 2% above the prime rate.
All of our sales and purchases are denominated in United States dollars.
Therefore, we do not believe that we currently have any significant direct
foreign currency exchange rate risk.
Item 8. Financial Statements and Supplementary Data.
Please see pages F-1 through F-19.
Item 9. Changes in and Disagreements with Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure.
None.
PART III
The proxy statement for our 2001 Annual Meeting of Stockholders, when filed
pursuant to Regulation 14A of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, will be
incorporated by reference into this Form 10-K pursuant to General Instruction
G(3) of Form 10-K and will provide the information required under Part III
(Items 10-13), except for the information with respect to our executive
officers, which is included in "Item 1. Business--Executive Officers."
28
PART IV
Item 14. Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules and Reports on Form 8-K.
(a) The following documents are filed as part of this report:
(1) Financial Statements and Report of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
(2) Exhibits are incorporated herein by reference or are filed in
accordance with Item 601 of Regulation S-K)
Number Description
------ -----------
+3.2 Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation of RITA Medical
Systems, Inc., a Delaware corporation.
+3.4 Amended and Restated Bylaws of RITA Medical System, Inc.
+10.1 Sixth Amended and Restated Shareholder Rights Agreement dated May
26, 2000 by and among the Registrant and certain security holders.
+10.2 1994 Incentive Stock Plan (as amended) and form of option agreement.
+10.3 2000 Stock Plan and form of option agreement.
+10.4 2000 Directors' Stock Option Plan and form of option agreement.
+10.5 2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan and form of subscription
agreement.
+10.6(a) Master Lease Agreement with Brown Mountain View Joint Venture dated
July 12, 1994 and extension of Master Lease Agreement dated May 12,
1999.
+10.7 Form of Indemnification Agreement between the Registrant and its
officers and directors.
+10.8 Employment Agreement with Barry Cheskin dated March 21, 1997.
+10.9 Employment Agreement with Ronald Steckel dated May 26, 1998.
+10.10 Employment Agreement with David Martin dated February 11, 2000.
+10.11 Form of Change of Control Agreement entered into between the Company
and it officers.
*+10.12 Distribution Agreement with ITX Corporation (formerly Nissho Iwai
Corporation) for Japan dated December 1, 1997.
*+10.13 Distribution Agreement with ITX Corporation (formerly Nissho Iwai
Corporation) for South Korea dated March 12, 1999.
*+10.15 Manufacturing Agreement with Plexus Corporation dated February 17,
2000.
*+10.16 Manufacturing Agreement with Apical Instruments, Inc. dated February
23, 2000.
**10.17 Distribution Agreement with MDH s.r.l. Forniture Ospedaliene for
Italy dated December 12, 2000.
23.1 Consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, Independent Accountants.
24.1 Power of Attorney (See signature page).
--------
+ Incorporated by reference to our registration statement on Form S-1 (File
No. 333-36160) initially filed with the SEC on May 3, 2000.
* Confidential treatment granted with respect to certain portions of this
Exhibit.
** Material has been omitted pursuant to a request for confidential treatment
and such material has been filed separately with the SEC.
(b) Reports on Form 8-K
None.
29
SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed
on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
RITA MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
/s/ Barry Cheskin
By: _________________________________
Barry Cheskin
President, Chief Executive Officer
and Director
Date: March 27, 2001
POWER OF ATTORNEY
KNOW ALL PERSONS BY THESE PRESENTS, that each person whose signature appears
below constitutes and appoints Barry Cheskin and Marilynne Solloway, jointly
and severally, his or her attorneys-in-fact, each with the power of
substitution, for him or her in any and all capacities, to sign any amendments
to this Report on Form 10-K, and to file the same, with exhibits thereto and
other documents in connection therewith with the Securities and Exchange
Commission, hereby ratifying and confirming all that each of said attorneys-in-
fact, or his or her substitute or substitutes may do or cause to be done by
virtue hereof.
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this
report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the
registrant and in the capacities and on the dates indicated.
Signature Title Date
--------- ----- ----
/s/ Barry Cheskin President, Chief Executive March 27, 2001
____________________________________ Officer and Director
Barry Cheskin (Principal Executive
Officer)
/s/ Marilynne Solloway Chief Financial Officer March 27, 2001
____________________________________ (Principal Financial and
Marilynne Solloway Accounting Officer)
/s/ Vincent Bucci Director March 27, 2001
___________________________________
Vincent Bucci
/s/ Janet Effland Director March 27, 2001
____________________________________
Janet Effland
/s/ John Gilbert Director March 27, 2001
____________________________________
John Gilbert
/s/ Scott Halsted Director March 27, 2001
____________________________________
Scott Halsted
/s/ Gordon Russell Director March 27, 2001
____________________________________
Gordon Russell
30
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Index to Financial Statements
Page
----
Report of Independent Accountants ......................................... F-2
Balance Sheets ............................................................ F-3
Statements of Operations and Comprehensive Loss ........................... F-4
Statements of Stockholders' Equity (Deficit) .............................. F-5
Statements of Cash Flows .................................................. F-6
Notes to Financial Statements ............................................. F-7
F-1
Report of Independent Accountants
To the Board of Directors and Stockholders of
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.:
In our opinion, the accompanying balance sheets and the related statements
of operations and comprehensive loss, of stockholders' equity (deficit) and of
cash flows present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of
RITA Medical Systems, Inc. at December 31, 2000 and 1999, and the results of
its operations and its cash flows for each of the three years in the period
ended December 31, 2000 in conformity with accounting principles generally
accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the
responsibility of the Company's management; our responsibility is to express an
opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our
audits of these statements in accordance with auditing standards generally
accepted in the United States of America, which require that we plan and
perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial
statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a
test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial
statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates
made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement
presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our
opinion.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
San Jose, California
February 8, 2001
F-2
RITA MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except per share data)
December 31,
------------------
2000 1999
-------- --------
ASSETS
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents................................ $ 12,676 $ 7,067
Marketable securities.................................... 27,381 5,086
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful
accounts of $103 at December 31, 2000 and $54 at
December 31, 1999....................................... 2,437 1,149
Inventories, net......................................... 1,638 845
Prepaid assets and other current assets.................. 823 616
-------- --------
Total current assets.................................... 44,955 14,763
Property and equipment, net.............................. 1,255 875
Other assets............................................. 60 67
-------- --------
Total assets............................................ $ 46,270 $ 15,705
======== ========
LIABILITIES, PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
(DEFICIT)
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable......................................... $ 425 $ 892
Accrued liabilities...................................... 1,895 956
Revolving term loan...................................... 833 --
Current portion of term loan............................. -- 312
Current portion of capital lease obligations............. 290 166
-------- --------
Total current liabilities............................... 3,443 2,326
Long-term notes payable.................................... -- 1,091
Revolving term loan........................................ -- 532
Capital lease obligations, net of current portion.......... 180 231
-------- --------
Total liabilities....................................... 3,623 4,180
-------- --------
Commitments and contingency (Note 5)
Preferred stock and preferred stock warrants:
Convertible preferred stock, $0.001 par value:
Authorized: no shares at December 31, 2000 and 15,166
shares at December 31, 1999
Issued and outstanding: no shares at December 31, 2000
and 8,580 shares at December 31, 1999.................. -- 37,911
Preferred stock warrants................................. -- 605
-------- --------
Total preferred stock and preferred stock warrants...... -- 38,516
-------- --------
Stockholders' equity (deficit):
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value:
Authorized: 2,000 shares at December 31, 2000
Common stock, $0.001 par value:
Authorized: 100,000 shares at December 31, 2000 and
30,000 shares at December 31, 1999
Issued and outstanding: 13,970 shares at December 31,
2000 and 927 shares at December 31, 1999................ 14 1
Additional paid-in capital............................... 88,421 3,651
Deferred stock-based compensation........................ (4,202) (1,935)
Stockholder notes receivable............................. (164) (73)
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)............ 13 (7)
Accumulated deficit...................................... (41,435) (28,628)
-------- --------
Total stockholders' equity (deficit).................... 42,647 (26,991)
-------- --------
Total liabilities, convertible preferred stock and
stockholders' equity (deficit)......................... $ 46,270 $ 15,705
======== ========
See accompanying notes
F-3
RITA MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS AND COMPREHENSIVE LOSS
(in thousands, except per share data)
Years Ended December 31,
--------------------------
2000 1999 1998
-------- ------- -------
Sales............................................. $ 10,010 $ 4,629 $ 1,137
Cost of goods sold (including stock-based
compensation of $926, $107 and $25 in 2000, 1999
and 1998, respectively).......................... 6,048 2,994 1,523
-------- ------- -------
Gross profit (loss)............................. 3,962 1,635 (386)
-------- ------- -------
Operating Expenses:
Research and development (including stock-based
compensation of $998, $354 and $186 in 2000, 1999
and 1998, respectively).......................... 5,615 3,931 2,729
Selling, general and administrative (including
stock-based compensation of $2,898, $530 and $192
in 2000, 1999 and 1998, respectively)............ 12,052 5,452 3,606
-------- ------- -------
Total operating expenses........................ 17,667 9,383 6,335
-------- ------- -------
Loss from operations.............................. (13,705) (7,748) (6,721)
Interest income................................... 1,585 446 342
Interest expense.................................. (683) (212) (359)
Other income (expense), net....................... (4) 4 (11)
-------- ------- -------
Net loss.......................................... (12,807) (7,510) (6,749)
Other comprehensive income (expense):
Change in unrealized gain (loss) on marketable
securities..................................... 20 (9) 2
-------- ------- -------
Comprehensive loss................................ $(12,787) $(7,519) $(6,747)
======== ======= =======
Net loss per common share, basic and diluted...... $ (1.99) $ (9.33) $(10.10)
======== ======= =======
Shares used in computing net loss per share, basic
and diluted...................................... 6,440 805 668
See accompanying notes
F-4
RITA MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS' DEFICIT
For the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998
(in thousands)
Common Stock Accumulated
------------- Additional Deferred Stockholder Other
Shares Paid-in Stock-based Note Comprehensive Accumulated
Issued Amount Capital Compensation Receivable Loss Deficit Total
------ ------ ---------- ------------ ----------- ------------- ----------- --------
Balances, January 1,
1998................... 578 $ 1 $ 112 $ (18) $ -- $-- $(14,369) $(14,274)
Issuance of common
stock.................. 4 -- 2 -- -- -- -- 2
Stock options
exercised.............. 196 -- 106 -- -- -- -- 106
Deferred stock-based
compensation........... -- -- 1,318 (1,318) -- -- -- --
Amortization of deferred
stock-based
compensation........... -- -- -- 403 -- -- -- 403
Change in unrealized
gain on marketable
securities............. -- -- -- -- -- 2 -- 2
Net loss................ -- -- -- -- -- -- (6,749) (6,749)
------ ---- ------- ------- ----- ---- -------- --------
Balances, December 31,
1998................... 778 1 1,538 (933) -- 2 (21,118) (20,510)
Stock options
exercised.............. 149 -- 92 -- (73) -- -- 19
Stock compensation...... -- -- 28 -- -- -- -- 28
Deferred stock-based
compensation........... -- -- 1,993 (1,993) -- -- -- --
Amortization of deferred
stock-based
compensation........... -- -- -- 991 -- -- -- 991
Change in unrealized
gain on marketable
securities............. -- -- -- -- -- (9) -- (9)
Net loss................ -- -- -- -- -- -- (7,510) (7,510)
------ ---- ------- ------- ----- ---- -------- --------
Balances, December 31,
1999................... 927 1 3,651 (1,935) (73) (7) (28,628) (26,991)
Conversion of preferred
stock to common stock.. 8,911 9 38,505 -- -- 38,514
Issuance of common
stock, net............. 3,600 3 38,716 -- -- 38,719
Stock options and
warrants exercised..... 532 1 460 -- (91) 370
Deferred stock-based
compensation........... -- -- 7,089 (7,089) -- --
Amortization of deferred
stock-based
compensation........... -- -- -- 4,822 -- 4,822
Change in unrealized
gain on marketable
securities............. -- -- -- -- -- 20 20
Net loss................ -- -- -- -- -- -- (12,807) (12,807)
------ ---- ------- ------- ----- ---- -------- --------
Balances, December 31,
2000................... 13,970 $ 14 $88,421 $(4,202) $(164) $ 13 $(41,435) $ 42,647
====== ==== ======= ======= ===== ==== ======== ========
See accompanying notes
F-5
RITA MEDICAL SYSTEMS, INC.
STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(in thousands)
Years Ended December 31,
--------------------------
2000 1999 1998
-------- ------- -------
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss......................................... $(12,807) $(7,510) $(6,749)
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash
used in operating activities:
Depreciation and amortization.................. 1,019 399 621
Preferred stock issued for interest payable.... -- -- 15
Issuance of common stock for services
received...................................... -- 2 --
Allowance for doubtful accounts................ 49 25 29
Provision for obsolete inventory............... 17 105 52
Amortization of stock-based compensation....... 4,822 991 403
Changes in operating assets and liabilities:
Accounts receivable.......................... (1,338) (886) (207)
Inventory.................................... (809) (698) (174)
Prepaid and other current assets............. (323) 26 (525)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities..... 472 674 524
-------- ------- -------
Net cash used in operating activities.......... (8,898) (6,872) (6,011)
-------- ------- -------
Cash flows from investing activities:
Purchase of property and equipment............... (856) (441) (120)
Purchase of short-term investments............... (32,295) (7,061) (3,853)
Maturities of short-term investments............. 10,020 4,290 1,532
Notes receivable and other assets................ 6 (48) 152
-------- ------- -------
Net cash used in investing activities.......... (23,125) (3,260) (2,289)
-------- ------- -------
Cash flows from financing activities:
Proceeds from issuance of common stock........... 39,087 45 108
Proceeds from issuance of preferred stock........ -- 9,947 15,128
Proceeds from long-term debt..................... 1,500 1,500 500
Payments on long-term debt....................... (3,000) -- (2,230)
Proceeds from revolving term loan, net........... 300 532 --
Payments on capital lease obligations............ (255) (147) (31)
-------- ------- -------
Net cash provided by financing activities...... 37,632 11,877 13,475
-------- ------- -------
Net increase in cash and cash equivalents.......... 5,609 1,745 5,175
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of year..... 7,067 5,322 147
-------- ------- -------
Cash and cash equivalents at end of year........... $ 12,676 $ 7,067 $ 5,322
======== ======= =======
Supplemental disclosures of cash flow information:
Cash paid for taxes.............................. $ 6 $ 2 $ 1
Cash paid for interest........................... 460 183 103
Supplemental disclosures of noncash financing
activities:
Preferred stock issued upon conversion of notes
payable......................................... $ -- $ -- $ 500
Issuance of preferred stock warrants in
connection with long term debt.................. -- 232 202
Equipment purchased under capital leases......... 319 557 --
See accompanying notes
F-6
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Notes to Financial Statements
NOTE 1: FORMATION AND BUSINESS OF THE COMPANY
RITA Medical Systems, Inc. (formerly ZoMed International, Inc.) (the
"Company") was incorporated in January 1994. The Company is engaged in
developing, manufacturing and marketing innovative products that use
radiofrequency energy to treat patients with solid cancerous or benign tumors.
Products include radiofrequency generators and a family of disposable needle
electrode devices which deliver controlled thermal energy to targeted tissue.
NOTE 2: SUMMARY OF SIGNIFICANT ACCOUNTING POLICIES
Use of estimates
The preparation of financial statements in conformity with accounting
principles generally accepted in the United States requires management to make
estimates and assumptions that effect the reported amounts of assets and
liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of
the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses
during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.
Concentration of credit risk and other risks and uncertainties
The Company's products include components subject to rapid technological
change. Certain components used in manufacturing the product have relatively
few alternative sources of supply and establishing additional or replacement
suppliers for such components cannot be accomplished quickly. While the Company
has ongoing programs to minimize the adverse effect of such changes and
considers technological change in estimating its allowances, such estimates
could change in the future.
Financial instruments that potentially subject the Company to a
concentration of credit risk consist of cash and cash equivalents, marketable
securities and accounts receivable. Cash and cash equivalents are deposited in
demand and money market accounts in three financial institutions in the United
States. Deposits held with financial institutions may exceed the amount of
insurance provided on such deposits. The Company has not experienced any losses
on its deposits of cash, cash equivalents or marketable securities.
The Company extends credit to its customers, which are primarily comprised
of accounts of private companies in the United States, Europe and Asia. The
Company performs ongoing credit evaluations of its customers' financial
conditions and generally requires no collateral. The Company maintains an
allowance for doubtful accounts receivable based on the expected collectibility
of individual accounts. For the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998,
provisions to the allowance for doubtful accounts were approximately $49,000,
$25,000 and $29,000, respectively, and charges against the allowance were
approximately $1,000, $2,000 and $2,000, respectively.
Cash and cash equivalents
All highly liquid investments with original or remaining maturities of
ninety days or less from the date of purchase are considered to be cash
equivalents.
Marketable securities
The Company's marketable securities are categorized as available-for-sale,
as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 115, "Accounting
for Certain Investments in Debt and Equity Securities." Unrealized holding
gains and losses are reflected as a net amount in a separate component of
stockholders'
F-7
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Notes to Financial Statements--(Continued)
equity (deficit) until realized. For the purposes of computing realized gains
and losses, cost is identified on a specific identification basis. As of
December 31, 2000 and 1999, all available-for-sale securities mature within one
year.
Inventories
Inventories are stated at the lower of cost (determined on a first-in,
first-out basis) or market.
Property and Equipment
Property and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation and
amortization. Depreciation and amortization of property and equipment is
computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the
respective assets as follows:
Machinery and equipment........................ 1 to 5 years
Computers and software......................... 3 to 5 years
Furniture and fixtures.............................. 5 years
Leasehold improvements are amortized over their estimated useful lives, or
the remaining lease term, whichever is shorter, using the straight-line method.
Upon sale or retirement, the asset's cost and related accumulated depreciation
are removed from the accounts and any related gain or loss is reflected in
operations.
Long-lived assets
Long-lived assets and certain intangible assets are reviewed for impairment
when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying amount of an
asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability is measured by comparison of the
asset's carrying amount to future net undiscounted cash flows that the assets
are expected to generate. If such assets are considered to be impaired, the
impairment to be recognized is measured by the amount by which the carrying
amount of the assets exceeds the projected discounted future net cash flows
arising from the asset.
Fair value of financial instruments
The carrying amounts of some of the Company's financial instruments
including cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable and accounts payable
approximate fair value due to their short maturities. Based on borrowing rates
currently available to the Company for loans with similar terms, the carrying
value of its debt obligations approximates fair value.
Revenue recognition
Revenue from product sales and sales to distributors are recognized upon
receipt of a purchase order and product shipment, provided no significant
obligations remain and collection of the receivables is deemed probable.
Distributors have no price protection arrangements or rights of return on
products purchased.
Research and Development
Research and development costs are expensed as incurred. Research and
development costs consist of direct and indirect internal costs related to
specific projects as well as fees paid to other entities which conduct certain
research activities on behalf of the Company.
F-8
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Notes to Financial Statements--(Continued)
Income Taxes
Income taxes are accounted for using the liability method under which
deferred tax assets and liabilities are determined based on the difference
between the financial statement and tax bases of assets and liabilities using
enacted tax rates in effect for the year in which the differences are expected
to affect taxable income. Valuation allowances are established when necessary
to reduce deferred tax assets to the amount expected to be realized.
Accounting for stock-based compensation
The Company accounts for stock-based employee compensation arrangements in
accordance with provisions of Accounting Principles Board Opinion No. 25,
"Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees" ("APB No. 25"), Financial Accounting
Standards Board Interpretation ("FIN") No. 28, "Accounting for Stock
Appreciation Rights and Other Variable Stock Option or Award Plans" and
complies with the disclosure provisions of Statements of Financial Accounting
Standards No. 123, "Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation" ("SFAS No. 123").
Under APB No. 25, compensation expense is based on the difference, if any,
on the date of the grant between the fair value of the Company's stock and the
exercise price. SFAS No. 123 defines a "fair value" based method of accounting
for an employee stock option or similar equity instruments. The pro forma
disclosures of the difference between compensation expense included in net loss
and the related cost measured by the fair value method are presented in Note 7.
The Company accounts for equity instruments issued to non-employees in
accordance with the provisions of SFAS 123 and Emerging Task Force Issue No.
96-18, "Accounting for Equity Instruments That Are Issued to Other Than
Employees for Acquiring, or in Conjunction with Selling, Goods or Services."
Net loss per share
Basic earnings per share is calculated based on the weighted-average number
of common shares outstanding during the period. Diluted earnings per share
would give effect to the dilutive effect of common stock equivalents consisting
of stock options, warrants, shares subject to repurchase and shares issuable
upon the conversion of the preferred stock outstanding as of December 31, 2000,
1999 and 1998. Potentially dilutive securities have been excluded from the
dilutive earnings per share computations as they have an antidilutive effect
due to the Company's net losses. The reconciliation of total outstanding common
shares to shares used in determining net loss per share is as follows:
Years ended December
31,
---------------------
2000 1999 1998
------- ------ ------
Net loss, basic and diluted........................ $12,807 $7,510 $6,749
======= ====== ======
Weighted-average shares of common stock
outstanding....................................... 6,514 805 668
Less: weighted-average shares subject to
repurchase........................................ 74 -- --
------- ------ ------
Weighted-average shares used in basic and diluted
net loss per share................................ 6,440 805 668
======= ====== ======
F-9
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Notes to Financial Statements--(Continued)
The following weighted numbers of shares represented by options and warrants
(prior to the application of the treasury stock method), shares subject to
repurchase and convertible preferred stock (on an as-if converted basis) were
excluded from the computation of diluted net loss per share as their effect was
antidilutive:
Years ended December 31,
--------------------------
2000 1999 1998
-------- -------- --------
Weighted average effect of common stock
equivalents:
Unvested common stock subject to
repurchase................................ 74 -- --
Options outstanding........................ 1,890 1,483 1,100
Warrants outstanding....................... 186 217 160
Shares resulting from the conversion of the:
Series A convertible preferred stock....... 557 958 958
Series B convertible preferred stock....... 824 1,415 1,415
Series C convertible preferred stock....... 648 1,113 1,113
Series D convertible preferred stock....... 185 318 318
Series E convertible preferred stock....... 2,986 3,746 2,123
-------- -------- --------
Total common stock equivalents excluded from
the computation of earnings per share as
their effect was antidilutive............... 7,350 9,250 7,187
======== ======== ========
Recent accounting pronouncements
In June 1998, the Financial Accounting Standards Board issued Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards ("SFAS") No. 133, "Accounting for Derivative
Instruments and Hedging Activities." SFAS No. 133 established new standards of
accounting and reporting for derivative instruments and hedging activities.
SFAS No. 133 requires that all derivatives be recognized at fair value in the
statement of financial position, and that the corresponding gains or losses be
reported either in the statement of operations or as a component of
comprehensive income, depending on the type of relationship that exists. The
Company, to date, has not engaged in derivative or hedging activities. The
Company will adopt SFAS No. 133, as required, in fiscal year 2001, and expects
no material impact on its financial statements thereby.
In March 2000, the FASB issued Interpretation No. 44, ("FIN 44"),
"Accounting for Certain Transactions Involving Stock compensation-an
Interpretation of APB 25." This Interpretation clarifies (a) the definition of
employee for purposes of applying Opinion 25, (b) the criteria for determining
whether a plan qualifies as a noncompensatory plan, (c) the accounting
consequence of various modifications to the terms of a previously fixed stock
option or award, and (d) the accounting for an exchange of stock compensation
awards in a business combination. This Interpretation was effective July 1,
2000, although certain conclusions in it cover specific events that occur after
either December 15, 1998, or January 12, 2000. To the extent that this
Interpretation covers events occurring during the period after December 15,
1998, but before the effective date of July 1, 2000, the effects of applying
this Interpretation are recognized on a prospective basis from July 1, 2000.
The adoption of FIN 44 did not have a material impact on the Company's
financial statements.
F-10
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Notes to Financial Statements--(Continued)
NOTE 3: BALANCE SHEET COMPONENTS
Marketable securities (in thousands)
The cost and fair value of available-for-sale securities at December 31,
2000 are as follows:
Unrealized Fair
Cost Gain/Loss Value
------- ---------- -------
Corporate commercial paper.................... $15,290 $(2) $15,288
Corporate notes............................... 12,078 15 12,093
------- --- -------
$27,368 $13 $27,381
======= === =======
The cost and fair value of available-for-sale securities at December 31,
1999 are as follows:
Unrealized Fair
Cost Gain/Loss Value
------- ---------- -------
Corporate commercial paper.................... $ 3,242 $ 1 $ 3,243
Corporate notes............................... 849 (4) 845
Foreign debt securities....................... 1,002 (4) 998
------- --- -------
$ 5,093 $(7) $ 5,086
======= === =======
Inventories (in thousands):
December 31,
----------------
2000 1999
------- -------
Raw Materials........................................... $ 404 $ 250
Work in progress........................................ 203 28
Finished Goods.......................................... 1,031 567
------- -------
$ 1,638 $ 845
======= =======
Property and equipment (in thousands):
December 31,
----------------
2000 1999
------- -------
Computer equipment and software......................... $ 594 $ 459
Furniture and fixtures.................................. 90 68
Leasehold improvements.................................. 207 195
Machinery and equipment................................. 2,531 1,524
------- -------
3,422 2,246
Less: accumulated depreciation and amortization......... (2,167) (1,371)
------- -------
$ 1,255 $ 875
======= =======
Property and equipment includes approximately $636,000 and $575,000 of
machinery and other assets held under capital lease at December 31, 2000 and
1999, respectively. Accumulated amortization of assets under capital lease
totaled $324,000 and $184,000 at December 31, 2000 and 1999, respectively.
F-11
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Notes to Financial Statements--(Continued)
Accrued Liabilities (in thousands):
December
31,
-----------
2000 1999
------ ----
Payroll and related expenses................................. $ 864 $177
Deferred revenue............................................. 12 64
Other accrued liabilities.................................... 1,019 715
------ ----
$1,895 $956
====== ====
NOTE 4: DEBT
Notes Payable
In June 1999, the Company entered into a loan and security agreement for a
loan facility of up to $5,000,000. The facility consists of two term loans of
$1,500,000 each and a revolving credit note of up to $2,000,000. The facility
is covered by a security interest in receivables, marketable securities,
inventory, equipment and other property including intellectual property. In
connection with the loan and security agreement, the Company issued warrants
to purchase 85,091 shares of Series E Preferred Stock (Note 6).
As of December 31, 1999, the Company had drawn down the initial term loan
of $1,500,000 with a term of three years and bearing interest at 13.36% per
annum. In February 2000, the Company entered into the second term loan of
$1,500,000. Both term loans were repaid in full in September 2000.
Revolving loans will be made under the revolving loan facility, bearing
interest at prime plus 2% (11.5% at December 31, 2000), through the later of
the maturity date or June 30, 2001. The maturity date will automatically be
extended to successive additional terms of one year each unless either the
lender or the Company provides written notice to terminate the loan period
effective on the next maturity date. On the loan maturity date, the Company is
required to pay in full all outstanding revolving loans. As of December 31,
2000, the Company had drawn down approximately $833,000 of the revolving
credit note.
NOTE 5: COMMITMENTS AND CONTINGENCY
Capital lease
In September 1998, the Company entered into a three year capital lease
agreement and was permitted to borrow up to $1,000,000 for equipment
deliverable no later than March 31, 2000. In conjunction with the capital
lease, the Company issued warrants to purchase 10,909 shares of Series E
preferred stock at $4.5833 per share, or a like number of common shares after
the Company's conversion of preferred shares to common shares completed in the
third quarter of 2000 (Note 6).
As of December 31, 2000, future minimum payments under the capital lease
are as follows (in thousands):
2001............................................................... $ 338
2002............................................................... 202
-----
Total............................................................ 540
Less imputed interest (including warrants)......................... (70)
-----
Present value of future minimum lease payments..................... 470
Less current portion............................................... (290)
-----
Noncurrent portion................................................. $ 180
=====
F-12
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Notes to Financial Statements--(Continued)
Operating Leases
The Company leases manufacturing and office space under a 60 month
noncancelable operating lease terminating in August 2004. The base rent will
increase according to the CPI formula as stipulated in the lease agreement.
Under the terms of the lease, the Company is responsible for property taxes,
insurance and maintenance costs. The Company sublet a portion of its facilities
through October, 2000, and rent expense, net of sublease income, was $323,000,
$296,000 and $185,000 for the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998
respectively. Future minimum annual rental payments are as follows (in
thousands):
2001............................................................... $ 489
2002............................................................... 489
2003............................................................... 489
2004............................................................... 347
------
$1,814
======
Contingency
The Company is involved in a patent interference proceeding with
RadioTherapeutics Corporation in which the validity of a patent issued to the
Company has been called into question. Although the Company believes it has
meritorious defenses, it could be prevented from selling the RITA system or be
required to pay royalties and or license fees on past and future product sales
if it does not prevail in this interference.
NOTE 6: STOCKHOLDERS' EQUITY
Stock split
On May 1, 2000, the board of directors approved a 3-for-5 reverse stock
split of the common and preferred stock. Stockholders approval of the reverse
stock split was obtained on June 20, 2000. All share and per share amounts in
the accompanying financial statements have been adjusted retroactively.
Convertible preferred stock
The designated series and shares issued of convertible preferred stock were
as follows (in thousands):
Shares Issued and Outstanding
-------------------------------------
Number of Minimum
Shares Book Liquidation
1999 Authorized Shares Value Value
---- ---------- ------ ------- -----------
Series A............................... 1,242 745 $ 5,773 $ 5,811
Series B............................... 2,359 1,415 1,416 1,489
Series C............................... 1,845 1,064 5,132 5,318
Series D............................... 375 225 2,205 2,250
Series E............................... 9,345 5,131 23,385 23,515
------ ----- ------- -------
Totals............................. 15,166 8,580 $37,911 $38,383
====== ===== ======= =======
Initial public offering of common stock
On July 26, 2000, the Company completed its initial public offering of
3,600,000 shares of common stock at a price of $12.00 per share, raising
approximately $39.1 million net of underwriting discounts, commissions and
other offering costs. Upon closing of the offering, all of the Company's
convertible preferred stock converted into approximately 8.9 million shares of
common stock.
F-13
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Notes to Financial Statements--(Continued)
Warrants
From time to time prior to 1998, the Company issued warrants to purchase
43,200 shares of its Series C preferred stock at an exercise price of $5.00 per
share, and warrants to purchase 111,818 shares of Series E preferred stock at
an exercise price of $4.5833 per share, as partial consideration for various
credit lines and loans. The aggregate fair value of these warrants, which was
$341,940 calculated using the Black-Scholes valuation model, was recorded as a
discount on the debt and accreted as interest expense to be amortized over the
lives of the various related credit facilities, all of which are now retired.
The warrants were exercised in the third quarter of 2000.
In connection with a September 1998 capital lease agreement, the Company
issued warrants to purchase 10,909 shares of Series E preferred stock at
$4.5833 per share. These warrants expire in September 2006. Their aggregate
fair value of $31,273, based on the Black-Scholes valuation model, has been
reflected as a discount on the lease obligation and is being amortized as
interest expense over the term of the lease.
In connection with the establishment of the June 1999 loan arrangement, the
Company issued warrants to purchase 85,091 shares of the Company's Series E
preferred stock at $4.5833 per share. The fair value of $231,646, based on the
Black-Scholes valuation model, has been completely charged to operations as of
December 31, 2000, and the related loan has been repaid. The holder completed a
net issue exercise in January, 2001, converting all of the warrants into 52,591
of the Company's common shares.
NOTE 7: STOCK OPTIONS
Stock Options: 1994 Incentive Stock Plan
Through December 31, 2000, the Company has reserved 2,858,448 shares of
common stock for sale to employees, directors and consultants under the 1994
Incentive Stock Plan. Under this plan, options may be granted at prices not
lower than 85% and 100% of the fair market value of the common stock, as
determined by the board of directors, for non-statutory and incentive stock
options, respectively. For individuals who at the time of the grant own stock
representing more than 10% of the voting power of all classes of stock, options
may be granted at prices not lower than 110% of the fair market value of the
common stock for both non- statutory and incentive stock options. Options
become exercisable and vest on a cumulative basis at the discretion of the
board of directors and generally expire ten years from the date of grant.
F-14
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Notes to Financial Statements--(Continued)
Activity under the 1994 Incentive Stock Plan has been as follows (in
thousands, except per share data):
Options Outstanding
----------------------------------
Shares Aggregate Weighted Average
Available Shares Price Exercise Price
--------- ------ --------- ----------------
Balances, December 31,
1997...................... 420 851 $ 459 $0.54
Additional shares
reserved................ 600
Options granted.......... (769) 769 769 1.00
Options exercised........ -- (196) (106) 0.54
Options canceled......... 64 (64) (38) 0.94
---- ----- ------ -----
Balances, December 31,
1998...................... 315 1,360 1,084 0.80
Options granted.......... (406) 406 404 1.00
Options exercised........ -- (149) (92) 0.62
Options canceled......... 156 (155) (145) 0.94
---- ----- ------ -----
Balances, December 31,
1999...................... 65 1,462 1,251 0.86
Additional shares
reserved................ 900
Options granted.......... (914) 914 2,172 2.38
Options exercised........ -- (412) (468) 1.14
Options canceled......... 120 (122) (261) 2.14
---- ----- ------ -----
Balances, December 31,
2000...................... 171 1,842 $2,694 $1.46
==== ===== ====== =====
The Company's Board of Directors has determined that no future grants will
be made under the 1994 plan.
Stock Options: 2000 Director's Stock Option Plan
Under this plan, non-statutory stock options covering a total of 500,000
shares of common stock have been reserved for issuance to nonemployee
directors. As of December 31, 2000, no option grants have been made. It is
expected that all future grants will be made at fair market value on the date
of the grant.
Stock Options: 2000 Stock Plan
The 2000 Stock Plan provides for the grant of incentive stock options to
employees and non-statutory stock options and stock purchase rights to
employees and consultants. A total of 2,000,000 common shares have been
reserved for issuance under the plan. Automatic increases to this figure will
occur on the first day of each fiscal year from 2001 through 2010 in the amount
of the lesser of 1,000,000 shares, 7% of the Company's outstanding common stock
on the last day of the preceding fiscal year, or a lower number as determined
by the Board of Directors. Incentive stock options granted under this plan must
have an exercise price of at least 100% of the fair market value of the common
stock on the date of the grant, and at least 110% of the fair market value if
the options are awarded to an employee who holds more than 10% of the total
voting power of all classes of the Company's stock. Options granted under this
plan become exercisable and vest on a cumulative basis at the discretion of the
Board of Directors and generally expire ten years from the date of grant.
F-15
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Notes to Financial Statements--(Continued)
Activity under the 2000 Stock Plan has been as follows (in thousands, except
per share data):
Options Outstanding
-------------------------
Weighted
Average
Available Aggregate Exercise
Shares Shares Price Price
--------- ------ --------- --------
Balances, December 31, 1999........... -- -- $ -- $ --
Shares reserved..................... 2,000
Options granted..................... (151) 151 1,569 10.39
----- --- ------ ------
Balances, December 31, 2000........... 1,849 151 $1,569 $10.39
===== === ====== ======
Options outstanding, from all plans, and exercisable as of December 31, 2000
are as follows by exercise price (in thousands, except per share data):
Options Outstanding
-----------------------
Remaining
Number Contractual Options
Exercise Price Outstanding Life Exercisable
-------------- ----------- ----------- -----------
$ 0.0133.............................. 1 3.52 years 1
$ 0.5000.............................. 330 6.18 years 293
$ 0.8000.............................. 85 4.89 years 85
$ 1.0000.............................. 907 8.15 years 490
$ 1.6667.............................. 333 9.23 years 68
$ 3.3333.............................. 129 9.34 years 19
$ 9.5000.............................. 85 9.72 years --
$10.0000.............................. 57 9.55 years 6
$11.6250.............................. 66 9.87 years --
----- ---
1,993 962
===== ===
2000 Employee Stock Purchase Plan
The Company's 2000 employee stock purchase plan was adopted in the second
quarter of 2000. A total of 650,000 common shares have been reserved for
issuance under this plan. Automatic increases will occur on the first day of
2002, 2003 and 2004 in amounts equal to the lesser of 650,000 shares, 4% of the
Company's outstanding common stock on the last day of the preceding year, or
such lesser number that the Board of Directors determines. This plan permits
employees to purchase common shares at a price equal to the lower of 85% of the
fair market value of the common stock at the beginning of each offering period
or the end of each offering period. Employee purchases are nonetheless limited
to 15% of eligible cash compensation, and other restrictions regarding the
amount of annual share purchases also apply.
F-16
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Notes to Financial Statements--(Continued)
Stock-based compensation
The Company has adopted the disclosure-only provisions of Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 123 ("SFAS No. 123"), "Accounting for Stock-
Based Compensation." Had compensation cost for the incentive stock plans been
determined based on the fair value at the grant date for awards during 2000,
1999 and 1998, consistent with the provisions of SFAS No. 123, the Company's
pro forma net loss and pro forma net loss per share would have been as follows
(in thousands, except per share amounts):
December 31,
--------------------------
2000 1999 1998
-------- ------- -------
Net loss, as reported....................... $(12,807) $(7,510) $(6,749)
Net loss, pro forma......................... $(13,509) $(7,589) $(6,812)
Net loss per share, as reported, basic and
diluted.................................... $ (1.99) $ (9.33) $(10.10)
Net loss per share, pro forma, basic and
diluted.................................... $ (2.10) $ (9.43) $(10.20)
Such pro-forma disclosure may not be representative of future compensation
cost because options vest over several years and additional grants are
anticipated to be made each year.
The weighted average fair values of options granted during 2000, 1999 and
1998 were $2.32, $0.14 and $0.13, respectively.
Prior to the Company's initial public offering, the value of each option
grant was estimated using the minimum value method. The value of each option
grant is estimated on the date of grant using the Black-Scholes method with the
following weighted assumptions:
December 31,
-----------------------
2000 1999 1998
------- ------- -------
Volatility........................................ 75% 0% 0%
Risk-free interest rate........................... 6.51% 5.54% 5.22%
Expected life..................................... 5 years 5 years 5 years
Expected dividends................................ 0% 0% 0%
During 1998, 1999 and 2000, the Company recorded a total of approximately
$10.4 million of deferred stock-based compensation in accordance with APB No.
25, SFAS No. 123 and EITF 96-18, related to options granted to employees and
non-employees. For options granted to non-employees during these three years,
the Company determined fair value using the Black-Scholes option pricing model
with the following assumptions: expected volatility of 50%, risk-free interest
rate of 5.75% and deemed values of common stock between $1.00 and $6.38 per
share. Stock compensation expense is being recognized in accordance with FIN 28
over the vesting periods of the related options, generally four years. The
Company recognized stock compensation expense of approximately $4,822,000,
$991,000 and $403,000 for the years ended December 31, 2000, 1999 and 1998,
respectively.
NOTE 8: INCOME TAXES
The tax effects of temporary differences that give rise to significant
portions of deferred tax assets are as follows (in thousands):
December 31,
------------------
2000 1999
-------- --------
Net operating loss carryforwards ................... $ 12,951 $ 9,745
Capitalized startup and research and development
costs.............................................. 333 830
Research and development credit .................... 813 597
Other .............................................. 421 308
-------- --------
Total deferred tax assets ........................ 14,518 11,480
Less valuation allowance ........................... (14,518) (11,480)
-------- --------
$ -- $ --
======== ========
F-17
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Notes to Financial Statements--(Continued)
At December 31, 2000 the Company had federal and state net operating loss
carryforwards of approximately $33,119,000 and $19,599,000, respectively,
available to offset future regular taxable income. The Company's federal and
state operating loss carryforwards expire between 2010 and 2020 and between
2001 and 2005, respectively, if not utilized.
Due to the uncertainty surrounding the realization of the favorable tax
attributes in future tax returns, the Company has placed a valuation allowance
against its deferred tax assets. At such time as it is determined that it is
more likely than not that the deferred tax assets are realizable, the valuation
allowance will be reduced.
The Tax Reform Act of 1986 limits the use of net operating loss and tax
credit carryforwards in certain situations where changes occur in the stock
ownership of a company. In the event the Company has had a change in ownership,
utilization of the carryforwards could be restricted.
NOTE 9: RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
In August 1994, the Company entered into a cross-license agreement (the
"Agreement") with VIDAMed (a company whose founder was also one of the founders
of the Company) whereby the Company granted VIDAMed an exclusive royalty-free
license to use the Company's technology for certain applications. In return,
VIDAMed granted the Company an exclusive license to use VIDAMed's technology
for certain applications. The Company is required to pay a royalty of 2.5% of
net sales on products developed incorporating the VIDAMed technology. The
obligation to pay royalties terminates on the earlier of ten years from the
effective date of the Agreement or when payments by the Company to VIDAMed
total $500,000. To date the Company has made no payments under this agreement.
During 1999, the Company entered into a nonrecourse promissory note
arrangement with an officer and director of the Company. The full balance of
$72,881 plus accrued interest was repaid during 2000.
During 2000, the Company entered restricted stock purchase agreements and
related promissory note arrangements with five officers of the Company, one of
whom is a director. The Company sold a total of 98,376 shares of its common
stock to these individuals at a price of $1.67 per share. Consideration was in
the form of signed, full recourse promissory notes bearing interest at the rate
of 8% compounded semiannually, collateralized by the common shares sold. The
notes will be forgiven at the rate of 25% of the loan amount on each January 1,
from 2001 through 2004 for those individuals still employed with the Company.
Any unforgiven amounts will be due and payable on March 31, 2005 or immediately
upon an employee's termination from the Company.
F-18
RITA Medical Systems, Inc.
Notes to Financial Statements--(Continued)
NOTE 10: SEGMENT INFORMATION
The Company operates in one business segment. The Company sells its products
and systems directly to customers in the United States, Europe and Asia.
Sales for geographic regions reported below are based upon the customers'
locations. Following is a summary of the geographic information related to
revenues, long-lived assets and information related to significant customers
for the years ended December 31, 1998, 1999 and 2000:
Years Ended December
31,
---------------------
2000 1999 1998
------- ------ ------
Sales:
United States.................................... $ 3,940 $1,669 $ 669
Italy............................................ 1,003 646 468
Japan............................................ 2,924 1,420 --
Other............................................ 2,143 894 --
------- ------ ------
Total............................................ $10,010 $4,629 $1,137
======= ====== ======
Years Ended December
31,
---------------------
2000 1999 1998
------- ------ ------
Long-lived assets:
United States.................................... $ 1,054 $ 613 $ 248
Europe........................................... 201 262 --
------- ------ ------
Total............................................ $ 1,255 $ 875 $ 248
======= ====== ======
Significant customers: Revenue
Customer A....................................... 29% 41% 0%
Customer B....................................... 10% 14% 41%
Significant customers: Accounts Receivable
December 31,
--------------
2000 1999
------ ------
Customer A............................................... 22% 29%
Customer B............................................... 16% 12%
Customer C............................................... 14% 0%
Customer D............................................... 0% 24%
NOTE 11: EMPLOYEE BENEFIT PLAN
The Company sponsors a 401(k) defined contribution plan covering all
employees. Contributions made by the Company are determined annually by the
Board of Directors. To date, there have been no company contributions to the
plan.
F-19